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第1页共12页昆明理工大学2014年博士研究生招生考试试题（A）考试科目代码：1111考试科目名称：英语试题适用招生专业：考生答题须知1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。PartII．VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Therearefifteensentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyouranswersonyouranswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.1.Incourtherepeatedhis______thathewasnotguiltyinfrontofthejury.A.impressionB.alliterationC.clausesD.assertions2.Theprotestswerepartoftheir______againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopmentinthearea.A.commissionB.campaignC.commitmentD.convention3.______sermonsretainedtheirpreeminenceinreligiouslifeduringmostofthetwentiethcentury,theyaregraduallylosingthatcentralplacesaschurchesdevotemoreenergytosocialactivities.A.ForB.AlthoughC.AsD.Since4.Thestructureoftheglobaleconomy______thatdevelopingcountriesputalltheireffortsintoraisingcash---usuallybyexportingwhatevervirginresourcestheindustrialworldmightdesire.A.dictatesB.regulatesC.allowsD.appeals5.Oneoftherecurrentfrustrationsandtragediesinthehistoryofthoughtiscausedbytheuncertainty______tosolveagivenproblembytraditionalmethodspreviouslyappliedtoproblemswhichseemtobeofthesamenature.A.thatispossibleB.whetheritispossibleC.thatitispossibleD.aboutwhatispossible6.Professionalarchivistsandlibrarianshavetheresourcestoduplicatematerialsinotherformatsandtheexpertisetoretrievematerialstrappedin______computers.第2页共12页A.abstractB.obsoleteC.obstinateD.obese7.TheChinesevolleyballteamannouncedthattheywouldnot______firstplacetoanyteam.A.yellB.yieldC.yokeD.yearn8.The______ofelectroniccomputershasopenedupnewwaysofdataanalysisforthescientists.A.advertB.adverseC.adventD.advise9.Someoftheonlineservicesarefree,whileothers______acharge.A.carryB.cashierC.coincideD.collect10.Astheheadofthedepartmentwasawayonabusinesstrip,Iwasaskedto______theweeklystaffmeeting.A.chairB.introduceC.presideD.dominance11.Hedidn’topenlyattacktheplan,butheroppositionwas______inherfailuretosayanythinginsupportofit.A.explicitB.implicitC.internalD.immortal12.TeacherscomplainthatEnglishlearners______thesetestswithoutbeingabletospeakEnglishonadailytopic,writeadecentessay.A.lookthroughB.carrythroughC.sailthroughD.putthrough13.Newspapersandmagazinescarryextensive______ofdietandhealthtopics,anddietbooksareamongthebestsellers.A.sketchB.concernC.coverageD.involvement14.China’s______culturalheritageshouldbebetterprotectedthroughincreasedeffortstopreserveendangeredart.A.indivisibleB.intelligibleC.intangibleD.inalienable15.Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,thepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas______timedwiththeplane’stake-off.A.simultaneouslyB.instantaneouslyC.spontaneouslyD.conscientiouslyPartIII.ReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Therearefourreadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.第3页共12页PassageoneThereiswidespreadbeliefthattheemergenceofgiantindustrieshasbeenaccompaniedbyanequivalentsurgeinindustrialresearch.Arecentstudyofimportantinventionsmadesincetheturnofthecenturyrevealsthatmorethanhalfweretheproductofindividualinventorsworkingalone,independentoforganizedindustrialresearch.Whileindustriallaboratoriescontributedsuchimportantproductsasnylonandtransistors,independentinventorsdevelopedairconditioning,theautomatictransmission,thejetengine,thehelicopter,insulin,andstreptomycin.Stillotherinventions,suchasstainlesssteel,television,silicones,andPlexiglasweredevelopedthroughthecombinedeffortsofindividualsandlaboratoryteams.Despitethesefinding,weareurgedtosupportmonopolisticpoweronthegroundsthatsuchpowercreatesanenvironmentsupportiveofinnovation.Wearetoldthattheindependentinventor,alongwiththesmallfirm,cannotaffordtoundertaketheimportantresearchneededtoimproveourstandardoflivingwhileprotectingourdiminishingresources;thatonlythegiantcorporationorconglomerate,withitsprodigiousassets,canaffordthekindofexpendituresthatproducethetechnologicaladvancesvitaltoeconomicprogress.Butwhenweexamineexpendituresforresearch,wefindthatofthemorethan$35billionspenteachyearinthiscountry,almosttwo-thirdsisspentbythefederalgovernment.Morethanhalfofthisgovernmentexpenditureisfunneledintomilitaryresearchandproductdevelopment,accountingfortheenormousincreaseinspendinginsuchindustriesasnuclearenergy,aircraft,missiles,andelectronics.Therearethosewhoconsideritquestionablethatthesedefense-linkedresearchprojectswilleitherimproveourstandardoflivingordomuchtoprotectourdiminishingresources.Recenthistoryhasdemonstratedthatwemayhavetoalterourlongstandingconceptionoftheprocessactuatedbycompetition.Thepricevariable,onceperceivedasthedominantaspectoftheprocess,isnowsubordinatetothecompetitionofthenewproduct,thenewbusinessstructure,andthenewtechnology.Whileitcanbeassumedthatinahighlycompetitiveindustrynotdominatedbysinglecorporati