荔枝采后保鲜处理技术研究进展(1)

王家保1,赫素云2,贾彩红1,金志强1,李美英1,杨小亮1(1.,571101;2.,274000)综述了多种保鲜技术在荔枝贮藏保鲜中的应用,包括杀菌剂处理硫处理酸处理热处理涂膜处理辐射处理生物制剂处理钙处理生长调节剂处理及包装处理等,探讨了这些处理方法的技术优点及不足,以期为荔枝采后保鲜提供依据荔枝;采后处理;褐变;保鲜S609+.3A0517-6611(2008)29-12894-04国家自然科学基金(30460085);海南省教育基金项目(Hj200534);中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项项目(ITBBZD2007-3-1)王家保(1974-),男,山东鄄城人,博士,副研究员,从事果实生物学研究2008-07-31,,,,,2~3d,,,,,,,110,[1],,,1.1[2-3][4-5][6][7][8][9],,,23~29e8d,85%,15%,(2?0.5)e45d,95%,96.7%[6]1000mg/L3min,4e480%48~50e[2-3],,,,,1000mg/L3min,4e40.30mg/kg[5],,,1.2,,,,,,,[10-15],,,,[12],100e20s,3%2,,1,10h[14],[16],,[10,12,17]1.3,,,[18],75~300GyCO[19],250Gy,[20-21]500GyCO2e3[18]300GyTaiSo[22],2000GyBrester,5kGy[23],[22],,1.4Jiang6Peronophythtoralitchi(),Ba-cillussubtilisB.subtilis,1.2kDa,B.subtilisPero-nophythtoralitchi,,5e30d,1/440d,1/4,70%[24],张彩丽马君叶,JournalofAnhuiAgr.iSc.i2008,36(29):12894-12897,80%,50%,2~3e5,TSSTAVc,[25],,,,,2,pH,,,,PPOPODPPOPOD,PPOPOD,[26],,,,PPOPOD2.1PPOpH,,,,[15,27-28]SO21600kg1kg,,3~5d,,pH1.0,24h[29],SO2SO32-,2O(4O),[30],:(),,715nm,[31];,,,;();,2.2pHpH,,,pH,Cl2,pH,PPOPOD,,,,1.0~1.5mol/L1~3min[4,15-16,27,32-35],+SO2+++2.3,Jiang1mmol/L5min,5e30d,,,,,,[36][37]200mg/LGA3RoseScented2min,5e,,[38]100mg/L(Alar)2min,Calcuttia,Vc,CEPMEPOD,4d[39]0.2Ll/L1OMCP,,[40],1OMCP[41]2.4[42];[43][44][43]8%10min,,,,,,[43-45],Patra[46]Singh[47]0.5%1.0%,CaCl2[43]2.510mmol/L(GSH)100mmol/L5min,6d,PPO,GSH,[48],0.5%+2.5%2min[49],2%+10%+2%2min[14],BO0.02%+0.25%+0.09%+A0.05%+0.10%[50],0.25~1.00mg/L[51]3,,,,,,,,1289536卷29期王家保等荔枝采后保鲜处理技术研究进展[52-53][54],,,,pH,3.1,,1.0%2.0%,PPOPOD,,TSSTA,[55-56],[57],,,[58],[59][60][61],,,,,,3.2,,,,,,,,,ScottPE,[3]PE,8d4.8%,,[49](PE)(PPP)(PVE)PVC,,,,[35,62-63][61],PPPPE,PVE[63][64]PVCPE[6]PEPE3,[8]PE(30~40Lm)PVCPE,,[6,61,64]O2CO2,,,[36],(),,4,,,,,,(1),,,,,(2),,,,,,,,,,(3),,,[1]王继栋,朱西儒.荔枝采后病害及防治技术研究进展[J].果树学报,2002,19(22):128-131.[2]WONGLS,JACOBIKK,GILESJE.Theinfluenceofhotbenomyldipsontheappearanceofcoolstoredlychee[J].ScientiaHorticulturae,1991,46:245-251.[3]SCOTTKJ,BROWNBI,CHAPLINGR,eta.lThecontrolofrottingandbrowningoflitchifruitbyhotbenomylandplasticfilm[J].ScientiaHort-iculturae,1982,16:253-262.[4]LICHTERA,DVIRO,ROTI,eta.lHotwaterbrushing:AnalternativemethodtoSO2fumigationforcolorretentionoflitchifruits[J].PostharvestBiologyandTechnology,2000,18:235-244.[5]鞠荣,徐汉虹,杨晓云.噻菌灵对荔枝贮藏保鲜的效果及残留量研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2005,26(1):110-114.[6]王少峰,陆文华.不同预冷速度药剂包装及温度对荔枝保鲜效果的研究[J].福建农科院学报,1988,3(1):11-16.[7]罗保康,韦祖桂,邓飞洪.荔枝耐贮品种与采后防腐保鲜方法筛选[J].广西热作科技,1991(2):24-31.[8]洪启征,谢知坚,陈文军.荔枝贮藏保鲜技术的研究[J].福建农学院学报,1986,15(1):19-27.[9]华南农学院果蔬贮藏加工教研室.荔枝的贮藏保鲜[J].中国果品研究,1984(1):15.[10]JACOBIKK,WONGLS,GILESJE.Lychee(LitchichinensisSonn.)fruitqualityfollowingvapourheattreatmentandcoolstorage[J].Posthar-vestBiologyandTechnology,1993,3:111-119.[11]OLESENT,NACEYL,WILTSHIREN,eta.lHotwatertreatmentforthe12896安徽农业科学2008controlofrotsonharvestedlitchi(LitchichinensisSonn.)fruit[J].Pos-tharvestBiologyandTechnology,2004,32:135-146.[12]彭永宏,成文,施和平.热水结合酸浸处理对荔枝果皮色素含量与酶活性的影响[J].果树科学,1999,16(2):92-97.[13]唐志.蒸气热处理侵染荔枝的昆士兰实蝇卵和幼虫的初步研究[J].植物检疫,1994,8(5):267-270.[14]广东荔枝贮藏协作组.防止速冻荔枝果皮变褐的研究[J].植物学报,1975,17(4):303-308.[15]PAULLRE,REYESMEQ,REYESMU.Litchiandrambutaninsectdisinfestation:Treatmentstominmiizeinducedpericarpbrowning[J].PostharvestBiologyandTechnology,1995,6:139-148.[16]LICHTERA,DVIRORIT,ACKERMANM,eta.lAcidifiedpeellitchifruitselectforpostharvestPenicilliumdecay[J].Phytoparasitica,2004,32(3):226-236.[17]王育林,彭永宏.热空气处理对荔枝生理特性和贮藏效果的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2003,9(2):137-140.[18]XUZC,CAID,HEFY,eta.lRadiationpreservationandtestmarketingoffruitsandvegitables[J].RadiationPhysiologyandChemistry,1993,42(1/3):253-257.[19]RIGNEYCJ.StatusofquarantinetreatmentoffruitsinAustraliawithspecialreferencetopossibleapplicationofirradiation[C]//UseofIrrad-iationasaQuarantineTreatmentofAgriculturalCommodities.IAEAOTEC-DOCO326,InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,Vienna,1985:49-54.[20]姚振威,胡美英,侯任环,等.荔枝蒂蛀虫辐射检疫处理初步研究[J].仲恺农业技术学院学报,1993,6(1):19-21.[21]侯任昭,黄旭明,罗雪梅,等.CO辐照杀灭蒂蛀虫对荔枝果实生理效应的初步研究[J].仲恺农业技术学院学报,1993,6(2):76-78.[22]MCLAUCHLANRL,MITCHELLGE,JOHNSONGI,eta.lEffectsofdisinfestationOdoseirradiationonthephysiologyofTaiSolychee[J].PostharuestBiologyandTechnology,1992,1:273-281.[23]KRAMERMS,KUHNGD.Theeffectofradiationonmoldpopulationsonfreshlychees[J].ProceedingsforFloridaStateHorticultureSociety,1964,77:436-438.[24]JIANGYM,ZHUXR,LIYB.PostharvestcontroloflitchifruitrotbyBacillussubtilis[J].LebensmOWiss.U.OTechno,l2001,34:430-436.[25]吴光旭,刘爱媛,陈维信.开口箭提取物对荔枝霜疫霉菌的抑制作用及其对荔枝果实的贮藏效果[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(8):1703-1708.[26]JIANGYM,DUANXW,JOYCED,eta.lAdvancesinunderstandingofenzymaticbrowninginharvestedlitchifruit[J].FoodChemistry,2004,88:443-446.[27]ZAUBERMANG,RONENR,AKERMANM,eta.lPostOharvestretentionoftheredcolouroflitchifruitpericarp[J].ScieintiaHorticulturae,1991,(47):89-97.[28]沈朝贵,魏勤,胡昌泉.荔枝果实熏硫与冷藏试验[J].福建果树,1997(1):11-14.[29]彭永宏.荔枝(LitchichinensisSonn.)采后果皮褐变机理与保鲜技术研究进展[J].热带亚热带植物学报,1998,6(1):81-86.[30]TIMEBERLAKECF,BRIDLEP.Flavyliumsalts,anthocyanidinsandan-thocyanins.Ñ.Reactionswithsulpherdioxide[J].JournalofFoodScience,1967,18:470-485.[31]宋光泉,肖畴阡,宾淑英.荔枝果皮褐变的吸收光谱变化及化学调控研究初报[J].中国果树