Unit-10-The-New-Immorality-练习答案

Unit10TheNewImmoralityConsolidationActivitiesI.TextComprehension1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurpose.A.Tocondemntheabsurdityofaparadox.B.Toarguethathumanityisamatteroftheprivatemorality,asenseofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,andintegrity.C.TorevealtheacademiccorruptiononuniversitycampusintheUSA.D.Toreviewthedataofaquestionnairedistributedtosomeundergraduates.Key:[B]2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1).Toomanyscandalsviolentlystriketheworldofpopularentertainment,andalsotheacademicworld.[T]2).Thebureaucratanddiskjockeythinktheirdecisionsarestilljustdespitethefactthattheyacceptpresents.[T]3).Theauthorabsolutelyblamessociologyfortheparadox,forithastendedtolayexclusivestressuponsocialmorality,andtendedtoooftentodefinegoodandevilasmerelythesociallyuseful.[F]4).Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceadvocateistheso-calledsociallydesirableconduct,butwhattheyshouldbeconcernedwithmostisthesignificantconceptofman'shonor—self-esteemandself-dignity.[T]5).Thatplayingthegameasthegentlemanwassupposedtoplayitwasasoundargumentamongearlytwentieth-centuryreformers.[T]6).Agoodsocietyiscomposedofmenwithhonor.[T]7).Theauthorthinksthatasmanofthefuturewilllosemanyofthevirtuesthathestillhasnow,humanitywillfinallycollapse.[F]II.WritingStrategiesThistextisapieceofargumentativewriting.Withfactsaswellasopinions,thewriternotonlyexpresseswhathethinksbutalsotriestopersuadethereadertosharehisopinionandquitepossiblytodosomethingaboutthestatusquo.Clearly,variouswritingstrategiesareemployedinthetext.Firstofall,typicalexamplesaresuppliedtoexhibitaparadoxofourage,thuspresentingtheproblemorargument.Secondly,somequestionsareraisedinplacessoastodrawthereaders'attentiontosomeimportantideas.Thirdly,comparisonsandcontrastsarefrequentlyusedtohighlightsomemajorpoints.Fourthly,thewriteranalysesthepsychologicalsupportunderlyingmentalityofthenewimmoralityanddestroysthedefensesgivenbythedishonestinastep-by-step,in-depthmanner.Finally,thewriterdefinesthemostimportantqualitiesanhonestandusefulmanshouldpossess,nomatterhowdemoralizedtheworldmaybecome.Thestyleofthewritingisformal,andthetoneiscritical.Thefollowingtwoquestionsaretobeanswered:(1)Whichsentencesinthetextinvolveacomparison?Thefollowingsentencesobviouslyinvolveacomparison:1)Yetmostofthesefive,likemostofthecollegecheaters,wouldprobablyprofessastrongsocialconsciousness.2)Istherereallyanyevidencethatpersonaldishonestyismoreprevalentthanitalwayswas?3)Perhapsthesethingsarenotactuallymoreprevalent.4)Itismyconvictionthatthoughmenmaybenomorewickedthantheyalwayshavebeen,theyseemlesslikelytobeashamed.5)Evenso,Istillinsistthatfortheindividualhimselfnothingismoreimportantthanthispersonal,interiorsenseofrightandwrongandhisdeterminationtofollowthatratherthantobeguidedbywhateverybodydoesormerelythecriterionof'socialusefulness'.“(2)Whichsentencesinthetextdisplayacontrastoraparadox?Thefollowingsentencesclearlyshowacontrastoraparadox:1)Theymaycheat,buttheyvoteforforeignaidandforenlightenedsocialmeasures.2)…ourseeminglygreatgrowthinsocialmoralityhasoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworldwhereprivatemorality--asenseofthesupremeimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,andintegrity--seemstobedeclining.3)Beneficentandbenevolentsocialinstitutionsareadministeredbymenwhoalltoofrequentlyturnouttobeaccepting'gifts'.4)Theworldofpopularentertainmentisrockedbyscandal.5)Collegestudents,putontheirhonor,cheatonexamination.6)Ihaveneverbeensurprisedtofindmenwicked,butIhaveoftenbeensurprisedtofindthemnotashamed.7)Andpersona,asopposedtosocialdecency,doesn'tcountformuch.8)Sociologyhastendedtolayexclusivestressuponsocialmorality,andtendedtoooftentodefinegoodandevilasmerelythe'sociallyuseful'oritsreverse.9)Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceleaveoutisthenarrowerbutverysignificantconceptofhonor--asopposedtowhatissometimescalledmerely'sociallydesirableconduct'.10)Itisimpossibleformetoimagineagoodsocietycomposedofmenwithouthonor.11)Evencooperation,togivethisthingitsmostfavorabledesignation,isnomoreimportantthantheabilitytostandalonewhenthechoicemustbemadebetweenthesacrificeofone'sownintegrityandadjustmenttoorparticipationingroupactivity.12)…ifonepersonaloneassertshisindividualandinnerrighttobelieveinandbeloyaltowhathisfellowmenseemtohavegivenup,thenatleasthewillstillremainwhatisperhapsthemostimportantpartofhumanity.III.LanguageWork1.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1).…buttheyvoteforforeignaidandforenlightenedsocialmeasures.formallyexpresstheirpreferencefor2).Collegestudents,putontheirhonor,cheatonexamination.trustedtokeeptheirword3).Ifeverybodydoesit,itmustberight.oneisjustifiedtodoit4).Andpersona,asopposedtosocialdecency,doesn'tcountformuch.incontrastwith;matterverymuch5).Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceleaveoutisthenarrowerbutverysignificantconceptofhonor.doesnotincludeasapartofit6).Supposethatnooneexcepttheindividualsuffersfromthefactthatheseesnothingwrongindoingwhateverybodyelsedoes?regardsastotallyacceptable7).Ifthatisso,thentheyhaveawrongnotionofwhatthereal,theultima