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ZoomingIn:AnIntegratedEnglishCourse(BookII)Unit4TextAChooseOptimismI.TeachingObjectives:1.Tomakestudentssetoptimismattitudetowardlife.2.Letstudentsknowhowtogettheirbadfeelinganoutlet.2.Tograspthekeywordsandphrases.II.TeachingContent1.Lead-inactivities.(groupworkandoralpractice)2.TextOrganization3.Languagepoints(keywords,phrasesanddifficultsentences)4.GuidedPractice(exercises,oralpracticeandgroupwork)5.AssignmentIII.TeachingProcess1.Warm-upQuestionsIsithardtoforgivesomeone?Whyorwhynot?Doyouhavetheexperienceofbeingforgiven?Whatisit?2.TextOrganizationPartI(Paras.1-3)Itisnecessarytochooseoptimismtoshapeouroutlookandexpectations.PartII(Paras.4-7)Theauthorillustratestheeffectsofnegativismthroughhisownexperiences.PartIII(Paras.8-10)Theauthorsuggeststhatwedirectourattentiontopositiveandconstructivethinkingratherthantonegativism.3.LanguagePoints1)shapev.a)influencesth.suchasabelief,opinion,etc.andmakeitdevelopinaparticularwayExample:People’spoliticalbeliefsareshapedbywhattheyseeinthepapers.Itistruethatapeople’scharacteris,toagreatextent,shapedbytheenvironmenttheylivein.b)makesth.haveaparticularshape,especiallybypressingitExample:Thebirdshapeditsnestfrommudandsticks.Childrenshapedthesandintoamoundonthebeach.2)ampleadj.a)morethanenoughExample:Thereisanamplesupplyofconsumergoods.Thedirectorofthecompanyreceivesanamplesalary.b)(literary)largeinawaythatisattractiveorpleasantExample:He’sgotanamplebosom.3)cursev.a)sayorthinkbadthingsaboutsb.orsth.becausetheyhavemadeyouangryExample:Hecursed(at)hisbadluck.Shecursedhimforruiningherlife.b)swearExample:Gilbertwascursingunderhisbreath.n.a)aswearwordorwordsthatyousaybecauseyouareveryangryExample:Hemutteredacurseunderhisbreath.b)sth.thatcausestrouble,harm,etc.Example:Miceareacurseinthecountry.Gamblingisoftenacurse.4)perspectiven.a)awayofthinkingaboutsth.,especiallyonewhichisinfluencedbythetypeofpersonyouareorbyyourexperiences.Example:Youhavethewrongperspectiveonthatsituation.Heviewseverythingfromapoliticalperspective.b)asensiblewayofjudgingandcomparingsituationssothatyoudonotimaginethatsth.ismoreseriousthanitreallyisExample:Shewasundersuchstressthatshelostallsenseofperspective.Wemustkeepasenseofperspectiveaboutwhathe’sdone.5)highlightv.makeaproblemorsubjecteasytonoticesothatpeoplepayattentiontoit.Example:Thereporthighlightstheproblemsoftheunemployed.Iwouldliketohighlightthreechallengesintheprocessofthedevelopmentofculturaltraditions.n.themostimportant,interesting,orenjoyablepartofsth.suchasaholiday,performance,orsportscompetitionExample:ThehighlightsofthematchwillbeshownonTVtonight,DavidBeckhamviewedthatseasonasthehighlightofhiscareer6)oddadj.differentfromwhatisnormalorexpected,especiallyinawaythatyoudisapproveoforcannotunderstandExample:Shegetsodderasshegrowsolder.Wealwaysmeetinoddcircumstances.CF:strange,odd,peculiar&curious这些形容词均含有“奇怪的，奇异的，新奇的之意。strange普通常用词，含义广泛，指陌生新奇的、奇怪的人或物。例如：Thedoctorthoughtherstrangebehaviorwascausedbystress.odd通常指不同寻常或者出乎意料之外的人或事物，往往令人困惑或感到奇怪。例如：Heisratheranoddman.peculiar常指因为觉得陌生或者不熟悉而感到有点奇怪。例如：Thisfoodhasgotapeculiartaste.curious通常指非常奇特从而能引起人们的好奇心。例如：Itisacuriousfactthatheneverworksbuthasplentyofmoney.7)reflect:v.a)ifasurfacereflectslight,heat,orsound,itsendsbackthelight,etc.thatreachesit;ifapersonorathingisreflectedinamirror,glass,orwater,youcanseeanimageofthepersonorthingonthesurfaceofthemirror,glass,orwater.Example:Lookatthetreesreflectedinthelake.Thesightofmyfacereflectedinthemirrorneverpleasesme.Althoughplanetsgiveoffnolightoftheirown,theyreflectthelightfromthesunandlooklikestarsatnight.b)showorbeasignofaparticularsituationorfeelingExample:Hersadlooksreflectedthethoughtspassingthroughhermind.Theincreaseincrimereflectsrisingunemployment.Modernsocietyasksformodernfacilities.Modernfacilitiesreflectthemodernflavour.c)thinkcarefullyaboutsth.,ortosaysth.thatyouhavebeenthinkingaboutExample:Ineedtimetoreflectonyouroffer.Hereflectedhowdifficultitwouldbetoescape.8)profoundadj.a)showingstrong,seriousfeelingsExample:Hehasaprofoundsenseofguilt.Heopenedthedoorwithaprofoundsigh.b)showinggreatknowledgeandunderstandingExample:Weallconsiderhimtobeaprofoundstatesman.Heisgoodatexpressingprofoundtruthsinsimplelanguage,TheChinesecivilization,extensiveandprofound,andwithalonghistorybehindit,hascontributedtremendouslytotheprogressofhumancivilization.CF:deep&profound这两个形容词都有表示“深的”之意。deep普通用词，可用于比喻，表示“深刻”、“深奥”、“深谋远虑”等。例如：Thereisadeepwoundintheoldtree.profound语气较强，较为庄重，多指抽象的事物，多用于比喻，含有“极为深刻之意。例如：Itishardforyoutograspsuchaprofoundtheory.9)accomplishv.succeedindoingsth.,especiallyaftertryingveryhardExample:Wetriedtosettletheargumentbutaccomplishednothing.Wehaveaccomplishedallwesetouttodo.CF:accomplish,achieve,fulfill&complete这些动词均含有“完成”之意。accomplish指经过艰苦的努力之后成功地完成了规定的工作、计划、任务等，侧重达到预期目的的整个过程。例如：Theyaccomplishedthedifficulttaskassignedtothem.achieve指通过持续的努力而完成或实现某事，特别强调由于非常努力以及克服困难后达到目的。例如：Theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsthatachievedtheirpurposefulfill指达到预定的目标，如计划的完成、职责的履行、诺言的实现、任务的完成等，侧重于完成心愿或者尽义务的意思。例如：Brownwasabrilliantmusicianbuthehadneverfulfilledhisearlypromise.complete指完