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微生物专业词汇01微生物学microbiology病毒学virology噬菌体学bacteriophagology细菌学bacteriology鉴定细菌学determinativebacteriology系统细菌学systematicbacteriology真菌学mycology原生生物学protistology原生动物学protozoology普通微生物学generalmicrobilogy微生物分类学microbialtaxonomy微生物生理学microbialphysiology微生物生物化学microbialbiochemistry微生物遗传学microbialgenetics微生物生态学microbialecology古微生物学paleomicrobiology土壤微生物学soilmicrobiology水生微生物学aquaticmicrobiology海洋微生物学marinemicrobiology悉生生物学gnotobiology医学微生物学medicalmicrobiology兽医微生物学veterinarymicrobiology农业微生物学agriculturalmicrobiology工业微生物学industrialmicrobiology石油微生物学petroleummicrobiology食品微生物学foodmicrobiology乳品微生物学diarymicrobiology瘤胃微生物学rumenmicrobiology诊断微生物学diagnosticmicrobiology病原学etiology国际微生物学会联合会InternationalUnionofMicrobiologicalSocieties,IUMS中国微生物学会ChineseSocietyforMicrobiology,CSM世界培养物保藏协会WorldFederationforCultureCollection,WFCC中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会ChinaCommitteeforCultureCollectionofMicroorganisms,CCCCM美国模式培养物保藏所AmericanTypeCultureCollection,ATCC微生物专业词汇02自然发生说，无生源说spontaneousgeneration,abiogenesis原界urkingdom始祖生物progenote古始生物界archetista古细菌archaebacteria原生生物protista原生动物protozoan原生植物protophyte真核生物eukaryote原核生物prokaryote裂殖植物schizophyte微生物microorganism数值分类法numericaltaxonomy模式目typeorder模式科typefamily模式属typegenus模式种typespecies模式株typestrain真菌fungi捕食真菌predaciousfungi虫道真菌ambrosiafungi地下真菌hypogealfungi虫生真菌entomogenousfungi菌根真菌mycorrhizalfungi木腐菌wood-decayfungi霉菌mold,mould半知菌imperfectfungi子囊菌ascomycetes粘菌slimemold,slimemould壶菌chytrid卵菌oomycetes接合菌zygomycetes担子菌basidiomycetes核菌pyrenomycetes盘菌cupfungi块菌truffles锈菌rustfungi蘑菇mushrooms毒蘑菇poisonousmushroom酵母菌yeast无孢子酵母菌asporogenousyeasts有孢子酵母菌sporogenousyeasts黑粉菌smutfungi双态性真菌dimorphicfungi毛外癣菌ectothrix毛内癣菌endothrix完全真菌perfectfungi黑粉病smutdisease锈病rustdisease微生物专业词汇_抗生素抗生素antibiotic阿克拉霉素aclacinomycin放线酮actidione,cycloheximide放线菌素actinomycin阿霉素adriamycin氨丁苷菌素ambutyrosin7-氨基头孢菌酸7-aminocephalosporinicacid6-氨基青霉烷酸6-aminopenicillanicacid两性霉素amphotericin安丝菌素ansamitocin抗蠕霉素anthelmycin抗霉素antimycin阿泊拉霉素apramycin除疟霉素aplasmomycin曲霉菌素aspergillin除虫菌素avermectin杆菌肽bacitracin双环霉素bicyclomycin杀稻瘟素blasticidin博来霉素bleomycin丁苷菌素butirosin,butyrosin杀假丝菌素candicidin卷曲霉素capreomycin,capromycin腐霉素carriomycin洋红霉素carminomycin天青菌素celesticetin头孢菌素cephalosporin氯霉素chloromycetin,chloramphenicol金霉素chloroteracycline,aureomycin色霉素chromomycin创新霉素chuangxinmycin棒酸clavulanicacid氯林肯霉素clindamycin粘菌素colistin鬼伞菌素coprinin蛹虫草菌素cordycepin香菇菌素cortinellin环孢菌素cyclosporin环丝氨酸cycloserine松胞菌素cytochalasin胞霉素cytomycin道诺霉素daunomycin越霉素destomycin偏端霉素distamycin红霉素erythromycin抑酯酶素esterastin扁枝衣霉素everninomicin间型霉素formycin健霉素fortimicin磷霉素fosfomycin,phosphonomycin镰孢菌酸fusarinicacid艮他霉素gentamicin胶霉毒素gliotoxin谷氏菌素gougerotin短杆菌肽gramicidin灰霉素grisein灰黄霉素griseofulvin除莠菌素herbicidin除莠霉素herbimycin全霉素holomycin潮霉素hygromycin岛霉素ilamycin天神霉素istamycin双氢除虫菌素ivermectin交沙霉素josamycin卡那霉素kanamycin春日霉素kasugamycin柱晶白霉素leucomycin林可霉素lincomycin美登素maytenin酒霉素methymycin光神霉素mithramycin丝裂霉素mitomycin莫能菌素monensin菌霉素mycomycin霉酚酸mycophenolicacid麦迪霉素mydecamycin,midecamycin暗霉素nebramycin新霉素neomycin纺锤菌素netropsin诺卡菌素nocardin新生霉素novobiocin制霉菌素nystatin竹桃霉素oleandomycin蛇孢菌素ophiobollin展青霉素patulin青霉酸penicillicacid青霉素penicillin多氧菌素polyoxin多粘菌素polymyxin灵菌红素prodigiosin制反转录酶素revistin核糖霉素ribostamycin,vistamycin利福霉素rifamycin龟裂杀菌素rimocidin瑞斯托菌素ristocetin蔷薇霉素rosamicin红比霉素rubidomycin相模霉素sagamicin盐霉素salinomycin肉瘤霉素sarkomycin制唾酸酶素siastatin紫苏霉素sisomicin壮观霉素spectinomycin,actinospectacin螺旋霉素spiramycin链霉素streptomycin链黑菌素streptonigrin链丝菌素streptothricin枯草菌素subtilin杀鱼菌素teleocidin土霉素terramycin,oxytetracycline四环素tetracycline噻烯霉素thienamycin硫藤黄素thiolutin妥布拉霉素tobramycin木霉菌素trichodermin抗滴虫霉素trichomycin衣霉素tunicamycin泰乐菌素tylosin焦曲菌素ustin有效霉素validamycin缬氨霉素valinomycin,aminomycin万古霉素vancomycin疣孢菌素verrucarine优胜霉素victomycin紫霉素viomycin巴龙霉素paromomycin微生物学专业词汇_营养、代谢与生长光能无机营养photolithotrophy光能有机营养photoorganotrophy化能无机营养chemolithotrophy化能有机营养chemoorganotrophy光营养phototrophy兼性营养amphitrophy腐生营养saprophyticnutrition甲基营养methylotrophy化能营养chemotrophy自养autotrophy光能自养photoautotrophy化能自养chemoautotrophy半自养mesotrophy异养heterotrophy氮平衡nitrogenbalance碳平衡carbonbalance磷平衡phosphorusbalance同化作用assimilation异化作用dissimilation氨化作用ammonification硝化作用nitrification反硝化作用denitrification固氮作用nitrogenfixation非共生固氮作用asymbioticnitrogenfixation光同化作用photo-assimilation巴氏效应Pasteureffect葡萄糖效应glucoseeffect种间分子氢转移interspeciesHtransfer发酵fermentation发酵[能]力fermentationcapacity可发酵性fermentability同型发酵homofermentation异型发酵heterofermentation厌氧消化anaerobicdigestion厌氧呼吸anaerobicrespiration厌氧生活anaerobiosis需氧呼吸aerobicrespiration需氧生活aerobiosis反馈抑制feedbackinhibition内源变量endogenenousvariable异养潜能heterotrophicpotential溶菌丝作用hypholyticaction溶菌作用bacteriolysis费氏[溶菌]现象Pfeiffer'sphenomenon自溶[现象]autolysis裂殖schizogenesis芽殖budding二分分裂binaryfission不等分裂unequalfission断裂fragmentation复分裂multiplefission隐蔽期eclipseperiod比生长速率specificgrowthrate同步生长synchronousgrowth双峰生长曲线diauxiegrowthcurve延滞期lagphase一步生长[曲线]onestepgrowth时间-存活曲线time-survivalcurve倍增时间doublingtime指数生长exponentialgrowth衰亡期declinephase稳定期stationaryphase对数期logphase时间节律temporalrhythm隐生现象cryptobiosis休眠dormancy衰老型involutionform静息细胞restingcell光复活作用photoreactivation交