[摘要]稳压电源是实现电源转换和电力输送的重要设备。当今时代,农业,能源,交通,通信和电力行业等领域发展迅速,同时也对电源提出了更高的要求,如节能,轻便,节材,环保,安全,可靠等方面。这就使得电源工作者不断追求探索相关的技术,做出更好的电源产品,以满足各行各业的需求。开关电源是一种新型电源设备,相比传统的线性电源,它的科技含量高,低能耗,使用方便,并取得了良好的经济效益。本文介绍了开关电源的工作原理、各种工作方式,它的长处和短处,设计方法以及开关电源未来设计方向,并在此基础上,对开关电源进行设计。设计分成三个模块,即辅助电源模块,PWM控制模块和升压电路部分,其中PWM控制模块为本电路的核心。确定电路设计方案后,使用Multisim10对电路进行仿真,并对电路参数进行优化配比,力图使电路脉动小,输出电压是稳定、范围可调,从而达到设计的要求。[关键词]开关电源,脉宽调制,稳压,Multisim10[Abstract]:Regulatedpowersupplyistheimportantequipmenttoachievethepowerconversionandelectricitytransmission.Inmoderntimes,agriculture,energy,transportation,communicationsandpowerindustryareallinfastdevelopment.Powersupplymustundertakethemoreresponsibilitysuchasenergy,materials,weightreduction,environmentalprotection,safetyandreliability.Thishasbeenmakingthepowerworkerscontinuouslyexplorerelatedtechnologies,tomakethebetterproductsinordertosatisfythedemandsofallwalksoflife.Switchingpowersupplyisanewtypeofpowerequipment,comparedwiththetraditionallinearpowersupply,ithasahighertechnologicalcontent,lowenergyconsumption,easytouse,andhasachievedgoodeconomicbenefits.Thispaperdescribesthevariousworkingprincipleandallkindsofwaytoworkofswitchpowersupply,itsadvantages,disadvantages,designmethodanditsdesigndirectioninthefuture.Thenwebegintodesigntheswitchingpowersupplybasedontheabove.Designisdividedintothreemodules,namelytheauxiliarypowersupplymodule,PWMcontrolmoduleandaboostercircuit,Amongthem,PWMcontrolmoduleasthecoreofthecircuit.Afterdeterminethecircuitdesign,usingtheMultisim10tosimulatethecircuit,andoptimizedandmatchedthecircuitparametersasfaraspossibletomakecircuitpulsesmall,maketheoutputvoltagestable,adjustablerange,toachievethedesignrequirements.[Keywords]:switchpowersupply,pulsewidthmodulation,voltageregulator,Multisim10.目录1绪论....................................................................11.1开关电源的发展背景...................................................11.2开关电源的基本原理与组成特点.......................................11.2.1开关稳压电源的基本工作原理....................................11.2.2开关电源的特点.................................................21.2.3开关电源的基本原理.............................................31.3开关电源的分类.....................................................31.4开关稳压电源的发展..................................................61.4.1国际发展史状况.................................................61.4.2国内发展情况...................................................71.5稳压开关电源的发展趋势.............................................71.6开关电源的技术指标与基本设计要求...................................92开关变换电路............................................................112.1滤波电路..........................................................112.2反馈电路..........................................................112.2.1电流反馈电路.................................................112.2.2电压反馈电路.................................................122.3电压保护电路......................................................123UC3842电流型控制器.....................................................143.1UC3842简介.........................................................143.1.1UC3842的特点.................................................143.1.2UC3842的引脚及其功能.........................................143.1.3UC3842的内部结构.............................................153.2UC3842的典型应用电路.............................................163.2.1UC3842控制的同步整流电路.....................................163.2.2反激式开关电源................................................183.2.3升压型开关电源................................................184利用UC3842设计开关稳压电源.............................................204.1电源设计基本指标...................................................204.2具体电路设计.......................................................204.2.1启动电路......................................................204.2.2PWM脉冲控制驱动电路..........................................224.2.3电路输出部分的设计............................................244.3电路整体分析.......................................................285开关稳压电源的测试及仿真................................................295.1仿真软件Multisim10概述..........................................295.2仿真结果..........................................................305.3设计问题及解决方法................................................32总结.......................................................................33致谢.......................................................................34参考资料...................................................................3511绪论1.1开关电源的发展背景在20世纪80年代以前,作为线性电源的跟新换代产品,开关电源也主要用于小功率场合。那时,中大功率直流电源仍以晶闸管相控电源为主。但是80年代起,由于绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)的出现打破了这一格局。IGBT可以看成是MOSFET和BJT复合而成的期间。和BJT相同,他们都主要应用于中等功率场合。但是和BJT相比,IGBT工作频率更高,且属于电压驱动型期间,易于驱动,具有突出的优点而没有明显的缺点。因此,IGBT迅速取代了昙花一现的BJT,而成为中等功率范围的主流器件,并且不断向大功率方向拓展其生存空间。IGBT的出现使得开关电源的容量不断增大,在许多中等容量范围内迅速取代了相控电源。在通信领域,早期的48V基础电源几乎都是采用的晶闸管相控电源。现在已经逐步被开关电源所取代。电力系统的操作用直流电源以前也是采用晶闸管相控电源,目前开关电源已经成为其主流。此外,电焊机、电镀装置等传统的晶闸管相控电源的应用范围,也逐步被开关电源所蚕食。如前所述,开关频率的提高可以使电源体积减小、重量减轻,单却使得开关损耗增大,电源效率降低。另外,开关频率的提高也使得电源的电磁干扰问题变得突出起来。为了解决这一问题,20世纪80年代出现了采用准谐波技术的零电压开关电路和零电流开关电路,这种技术被称为软开关技术。采用软开关技术,在理想情况下可使开关损耗降为零,提高效率,同时也使电磁干扰大大减小,因而也有助于进一步提高开关频率,使得电源进一