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英语之词义猜测专练Passage1TensofthousandsofbabypenguinsfacestarvationaftertwogianticebergsbrokeofftheAntarcticicesheetandblockedtheirparents’roadtothefeedingareas.AdelineandemperorpenguinsnestingontheRossislandrookeriesarenowforcedtowalklongdistancesovertheicebergstoobtainfoodfortheirchicks,bornduringtheNovember-Decemberbreedingseason.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obtain”probablymean?A.eatB.getC.sellD.buyPassage2Aman’spositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyaredisgraced,hetooisdisgraced.Thereforeonecarefullyguardsthehonorofhisfamily,hislineage(宗系),andhistribe.Theword“disgrace”means_________inthistext.2.A.honorB.endangerC.proudD.shamePassage3Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenate(参议院)opposedthisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforever.Theunderlinedword“banished”mean_______.3.A.killedbystoningB.sentawayC.imprisonedD.punishedbywhippingPassage4Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithabroomstick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”probablymean?4.A.interestingB.tiresomeC.relaxingD.challengingPassage5Althoughheoftenhadthechance,Mr.Brownwasneverabletostealmoneyfromacustomer.Thiswouldendangeredhispositionatthebank,andhedidnotwanttojeopardizehisfuture.5.Theword“jeopardize”means_____inthistext.A.protectB.endangerC.continueD.stopPassage6Afterafour-yearrelationshipwithamajorfortune100companybeginningasasalestraineeandendingasaregionalsalesmanager,Ileftthecompanyattheheightofmycareer.ManypeoplewereastoundedthatIwouldleaveafterearningasix-figureincome.AndtheyaskedwhyIwouldriskeverythingforadream.6.Theunderlinedword“astounded”means____.A.verysadB.verysorryC.verypleasedD.greatlysurprisedPassage7(2013·江西)Thelightfromthecampfirebrightenedthedarkness，butitcouldnotpreventthedampcoldofDennis'sSwamp(沼泽地)creepingintotheirbones.Itwasastrangeplace.MartinandTomwishedthattheyhadnotacceptedJack'sdare.Theylikedcamping，butnotnearthisswamp.“So，”Martinaskedastheysatwatchingthehotcoals.“Howdidthisplacegetitsname？”7.Theunderlinedword“dare”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A．courageB．assistanceC．instructionD．challengePassage8(2013·山东)SparrowfailedtogrowforanothertwoyearsuntilanewCEO，CarlPearson，decidedtobuildupitsmarketshare.Hedidasurvey，whichshowedthatconsumerswhoalreadyusedSparrowrestaurantswereextremelypositiveaboutthechain，whilecustomersofotherfastfoodchainswereunwillingtoturnawayfromthem.Sparrowhadtodevelopanewpromotionalcampaign.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?A．CustomersofSparrowrestaurants.B．Sparrowrestaurants.C．Customersofotherfastfoodchains.D．Otherfastfoodchains.Passage9(2012·天津)Youaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimoracreator.Whenyouchoosetobeavictim，theworldisacoldanddifficultplace.“They”didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering.“They”arewrongandbad，andlifeisterribleaslongas“they”arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems，thusinternalizing(内化)yourvictimization.Thetruthis，yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.9.Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A．Peopleandthingsaroundyou.B．Opportunitiesandproblems.C．Creatorsandtheirchoices.D．Victimsandtheirsufferings.Passage10.WhenIwas12，allIwantedwasasignet(图章)ring.Theywerethe“in”thinganditseemedeverygirlexceptmehadone.Onmy13thbirthday，myMumgavemeasignetringwithmyinitials(姓名首字母)carvedintoit.Iwasinheaven.10.Theunderlinedword“in”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．fashionableB．availableC．practicalD．renewablePassage11Listeningwellalsorequirestotalconcentrationuponsomeoneelse.Anessentialpartoflisteningwellistheruleknownas‘bracketing’．Bracketingincludesthetemporarygivinguporsettingasideofyourownprejudicesanddesires，toexperienceasfaraspossiblesomeoneelse’sworldfromtheinside，stepping_into_his_or_her_shoes.Moreover，sincelisteningwellinvolvesbracketing，italsoinvolvesatemporaryacceptanceoftheotherperson.Sensingthisacceptance，thespeakerwillseemquitewillingtoopenuptheinnerpartofhisorhermindtothelistener.Truecommunicationisunderway.Theenergyrequiredforlisteningwellissogreatthatitcanbeaccomplishedonlybythewilltoextendoneselfformutualgrowth.11.Thephrase“steppingintohisorhershoes”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．preparingatopiclistfirstB．focusingonone’sownmindC．directingthetalktothedesiredresultsD．experiencingthespeaker’sinsideworldPassage12．UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer’sLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked—remotely—topreventInternetsearches，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas:Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadi