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独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含获得西南政法大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。学位论文作者签名：签字日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解西南政法大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定。特授权西南政法大学可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，并采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编以供查阅和借阅。同意学校向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘。（保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权说明）学位论文作者签名：导师签名：签字日期：年月日签字日期：年月日硕士学位论文环境责任保险制度研究ResearchonEnvironmentalLiabilityInsuranceSystem作者姓名：金凯指导教师：张怡教授西南政法大学SouthwestUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw1内容摘要科技进步导致社会工业的飞速发展，同时也导致了人类活动对于环境污染的深化。环境污染不但损害个体利益，同时也会危害到整体社会利益。时至今日，防治污染已成为各国法律普遍关注的内容。本文论述的是作为环境污染损害赔偿范围内的一项可行性制度——环境责任保险。鉴于任意性环境险对环境污染保护不离，目前建立环境责任保险制度的国家都侧重于将其引入强制险领域。笔者力图通过对环境责任保险制度的现状分析，由从环境侵权的特性出发，同时考虑到传统侵权行为法不能对环境侵权加以合理规制的现实，结合环境责任保险制度的相关长处，以发达国家现对成熟的环境责任保险制度为对照，并结合我国现行法律的一般特点，对环境责任保险制度在我国的完善加以分析与预测。环境责任保险无论从法学理论的抽象阐述，还是在制度的现实需要角度都有着其他制度所无法取代的优势，从污染企业的风险评估角度考虑，保险公司的污染风险评价体系存在进一步完善的可能；从污染损害救济的角度考虑，环境责任保险较之司法制度与行政政策，凸显及时与充分的优势；从减轻政府环境负担角度考虑，保险本身的分散、转移风险技能让环境责任保险制度成为各国政府首选的污染赔偿方法。当然，环境责任保险作为一种制度，其本身的存在与发展是以社会进步为前提的，这也决定了环境责任保险具有本身的局限性，而本文力图通过对其相关理论的阐述以及国外经验的借鉴，能够从制度层面深刻解析环境责任保险制度的实际功能与使用范围，通过建立相关的配套规制与行政协调，扬长避短，充分发挥其在污染损害赔偿和环境保护领域的作用,文中对于发达国家以及国际组织关于环境责任保险制度的引用正是处于这个目的。由于环境责任保险在我国存在制度上的不完善，往往导致其相应功能的缺失。如何通过法律和行政手段对其调整也是本文写作的关键。笔者以为，通过引入环境责任保险市场准入机制，规范保险公司行为以及增强政府参与力度等方面，能够从主体、规则与强制力上完善我国的环境责任保险制度。关键词：环境侵权；环境责任保险；强制险1AbstractScientificandtechnologicalprogressledtothedevelopmentofindustrialsocietyfast,aswellashumanactivitiesledtothedevelopmentoftheenvironmentalpollution.TTheenvironmentaldamageisnotonlyindividualbenefits,butalsoagainstthebenefitstothewholesociety.Today,theanti-pollutionlawhasbecamethecontentsofgeneralconcern.Inthispaper,theenvironmentaldamageswithinascopeofthefeasibilityoftheEnvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystem.Intheviewofanyriskofenvironmentalpollutionrisk,thecurrentsystemofenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesetupthecountryoftheintroductiontothecompulsoryinsurance.Thetheoreticalbasisforourcountryissetuptoimprovetheenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystem.Ihavesoughtinenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystem,thestatusanalysisofinfringementfromthecharacteristicsoftheenvironment,takingintoaccountthetraditionaltortlawinfringingontheenvironmentshouldnotbeareasonableregulationoftherealityofenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystemandit’scombiningthestrengthstorelatedtothedevelopedcountriesfortheliabilityinsurancesystemforthecontrol,combinedwithourcountry’sthegeneralcharacteristicsoftheexistinglawonenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystemtobeperfectinouranalysisandprediction.Environmentalliabilityinsuranceintermsofabstractlegaltheoryinthesystem,ithavearealisticpointofviewrequiredbyothersystems,andcannotreplacetheadvantagesofpollutingenterprisesfromtheperspectiveofriskassessment.Insurancecompanies,pollutionriskassessmentsystemtofurtherimprovethepossibilityofexistence;relieffromthepollutionpointofviewthedamage,environmentalliabilityinsurancepolicyandtheexecutivethanthejudicialsystem,highlightstheadvantagesoftimelyandadequate;theGovernmentwantstoreducetheburdenontheenvironmentfromthepointofview,theinsuranceitselfdecentralized,thetransferofskillsmaketheriskofenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystemfortheGovernment’spollutiontopreferredmethodofthecompensation.Aswell,Environmentalliabilityinsurancesystemownitsexistenceanddevelopment,itistheprerequisiteforsocialprogress,whichisalsodeterminedtheenvironmentalliabilityinsurancetohavetheirownlimitations.Theoriginalwritingofthisarticleisinthehopeofthesystemoftherelevanttheorycouldlearnfromforeignexperience,andbeabletoresolveourcountry’senvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystemoftheactualfunctionanduse.Throughthe2establishmentofregulationsassociatedwiththeAdministrativeCommitteeonCoordination,wewanttogiveafull-playtoitspollutionandenvironmentaldamagestotheroleofprotectedareas.Thedevelopedcountriesandinternationalorganizationsonenvironmentalliabilityinsurancesystemisinreferencetothispurpose.BecauseoftheEnvironmentalliabilityinsurancetheexistenceofourcountryisimperfectinthelegislativesystem,anditoftenleadstothedefectsinthecorrespondingfunction.Thekeyofthisarticleistheadjustingofthelegalandadministrativemeansinthisarea,andIthinkwecanabletoforceourcountryontheimprovingofthesystemofenvironmentalliabilityinsuranceandtheruleswiththeintroductionofenvironmentalliabilityinsurancemarkets,andgiveanefforttostrengthentheGovernment'sparticipationinthisarea.KeyWords：EnvironmentalTorts;Environmentalliabilityinsurance;compulsoryinsurance1目录引言··································································································1一、环境责任保险制度现状··········································································2（一）环境侵权与环境责任保险·································································2（二）我国环境责任保险制度困境······························································7二、环境责任保险制度的现实需要································································10（一）环境责任保险的风险评估功能··························································10（二）减少污染的经济刺激功能································································11（三）对受害人