并列复合句

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豪迈职校13高考班导学案(并列复合句)2015.12.8命题人:赵洋审核人:郭慧姚慕华张晓艳1.并列复合句的定义:由并列连词and,but,or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。2.并列复合句的构成:并列复合句的基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句例如:Ihelphimandhehelpsme.Youmustputonyourcoat,oryou’llhaveabadcoldinsuchacoldday.3.常用的并列连词:(1)用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,both…and…,aswellas,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(2)表示在两者之间选择一个,常用的连接词or,not…but…(不是……而是……),either…or…(要么……要么),等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(3)表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折,常用的连接词有but(但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。(4)表示因果关系,常见连词because,as,for(因为),so等。用连接词for,前后分句时态一致。4.并列连词前后简单句之间的关系:(1)并列关系。如:TheyarewatchingTV,andtheothersarelisteningtotheradio.I’madoctorandsheisanurse.注意:A.and用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语,意为“和,又,而且,然后”。如:Heisabletoreadandwrite.B.and用在祈使句后表示结果,意为“那么”。如:Workhardandyouwillpassyourexamination.(2)选择关系。如:Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayathome.注意:or还可以用于说明原因,意为“不然,否则”。Hemustlikeher,orhewouldn’tkeepcallingher.(3)转折关系。如:Ithasnomouth,butitcantalk.它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。Schoolisover,yetalltheteachersarestillworking.学校放学了,可是老师们仍然在工作。Hewantstobeawriter,whileIwanttobeascientist.他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。It'sraininghard,however,wemustgoout.雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去。(4)因果关系。A.for在意义上与从属连词because,since和as相同,但它们引导的是原因状语从句,而for则连接两简单句,前者表示结果,后者表示原因。其结构为:简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。如:Hehasmanygoodfriends,forheisanhonestman.他有许多好朋友,因为他是个诚实的男子汉。B.so意为因此、所以,但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词,而是并列连词,用来连接并列句。其结构为:简单句(原因)+so牛简单句(结果)。如:Mr.Liwenttohishometown,soMr.Wangwastakinghisclassinstead.李老师回家乡去了,所以王老师替二课。5.其他形式的并列句(1)祈使句+and+简单句。其中祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果,谓语常用一般将来时。例如:Useyourhead,andyouwillfindaway.动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。(2)祈使句+or+简单句。祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如:Studyhard,oryouWillfallbehindtheothers.努力学习,否则你就会落于别人。(3)either...or...结构表示不是...就是...,或者...或者...,例如:Eithermyunclecandoit,ormyauntcandoit.我叔叔可以做那件事,或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Eithermyuncleormyauntcandoit.(4)notonly...butalso...意思为不仅...而且...,例如:如:Notonlythestudentshavemissedtheschoolcar,butalsotheteacherhasmissedtheschoolcar.不仅学生,而且他们的老师都误了校车。(5)neither...nor...结构,意为既不...也不...,两者都不...,用法与either...or...,not(3).选择疑问句常由并列连词or,otherwise,either…or…,等连接(4).因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接.如:itwaslate,sowewenthome.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉.如:Hurryup,andwe’llbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,we’llbethereintime.本模块重点短语HadbetterdosomethingPrefer...to..MuchtooTakepartinHowtodo三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】Becareful,_________youwillfalloffthebike.A.butB.andC.soD.or【答案】D【解析】根据句意“小心点,否则你就会从自行车上摔下来。”可知,or是否则的意思【例题2】【题干】Ican’tunderstandthispassage_______therearenonewwordsinit.A.ifB.becauseC.thoughD.an【答案】C【解析】根据句意“尽管文章中没有生词,我还是不能理解。”可知答案为C【例题3】【题干】It’sgettingdark,_______they’restillworking.A.andB.butC.soD.or【答案】B【解析】【例题4】【题干】______Saturday______SundayisOK.I’llbefreeinthesetwodays.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.One;theother【答案】A【解析】四、课堂运用【基础】1.Edisonsaid,“Nevergiveup,_________you'llmakeit.”A.yetB.orC.andD.but2.LucyandLilyaretwins.Lucylikesplayingtabletennis,_________Lilydoesn't.A.orB.butC.andD.yet3.Mr.GreenknowslittleGerman,_________hecan'tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.butB.soC.forD.or【答案】【解析】【巩固】1.Ifelttiredafterthework,_____Itookalongrest.A.soBbutC.forD.or【答案】A【解析】2.Inspringitis_____hot_____coldhere.A.both,andB.either,orC.neither,norD.notonly,but【答案】【解析】3.Iprefer______someshoppingto_______campingsincetheweatherisnovely.A.dogoingB.doinggoC.dogoD.doinggoing【答案】【解析】课后巩固()1.Workhard,_____youwillpasstheduringtest.A.orB.butC.becauseD.and()2.Stopcuttingtrees,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.A.andB.thenCbutD.or()3.TheyboughtGrannyapresent__shelikeditverymuch.A.andB.soC.butD.while()4.TheyallwenttothecinemaIdidn't.A.getB.orC.butD.so()5.—Hello,Mr.Huang!—I'msorry;Idon'tthinkIknowyou.A.andB.orC.butD.because()6.Thelittleboyisveryyoung_____hecanlookafterhimselfwell.A.SoB.butC.ifD.or()7.Billputhishandsbehindhisback,____nobodycouldseehishands.A.soB.andC.orD.but()8.NeitheryounorI_____fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be()9.—Wegetknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.—Yes,bothareimportant.A.either;orB.notonly;butalsoCneither;norD.not;but()10.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,hecan'tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleOfthepills.A.soB.orC.butD.for()11.—Canyouplayfootball?—Yes,Ican,Ican'tplayverywell.A.orB.andC.soD.but()12.Thewarwasoveraboutthreemonthsago,_____theAmericansoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwith.A.orB.andC.butD.so()13.Youmustworkhard,_____youwillfallbehind.A.andB.butC.soD.or()14.Takeexerciseeveryday,____youwillbecomestrongerandstronger.A.orB.andC.butD.while()15.Workhard,you'resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.A.andB.orC.butD.so()16.—WillyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I'mafraiddayispossible.I'llbebusynextweek.A.eitherB.neitherC.both()17.LilyLucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or()18.Becarefulwithyourmachine,you'llbehurt.A.andB.butC.orD.so()19.—Didn'tyougiverosestoyourfatheronFather'sDay?—Oh,notonlymyfather,mygrandpagotredroses.A.orB.andC.butD.until()20.—Howdoyo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