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宁波大学答题纸（2014—2015学年第二学期）课号：012A06R01课程名称：国际结算改卷教师：贺翔学号：126150121姓名：卓婷婷得分：TheCaseofL/C1.Case:AforeignimportingcompanysignedacontrastwithChineseexportingcompanytopurchase500tonsofchemicalfertilizer.ThecontrastrequestedthattheletterofcreditshouldbeissuedbyJan30st1994,andthegoodsshouldbeshippedbeforeFeb5th.InJan20th,thebuyersentacredit,anditsexpirydateisFeb10th.Duetosomedifficultiesofshippingintimefortheseller,soitaskedthebuyertoputtheshippingdateofftoFeb17thandthevalidtimeofcreditlaststoFeb20,finallytheselleragreed.Neitherofthemconfirmedopeningbank.Eventually,aftergettinggoodsloaded,thesellerappliedopeningbankfornegotiationtopay.Unfortunatelyitwasrefused.2.SolutionandPersonalthought:AlthoughL/Cissupposedtobewrittenaccordingtobusinesscontrast,itbecomeslegallyindependentafterissuing.Andopeningbankonlyacceptsclauserestraintofinitialcreditbutnotbusinesscontrast.Inthiscase,thebuyerandthesellerachievedanagreementofcreditmodificationwithoutconfirmingthebankorgettingitspermission.Sothebankhastherighttorefusethepayment.Asfortheseller,tomakethingsright,itcanaskthebuyertoconfirmthebanktomodifytheextensionofL/C.Oritcandirectlyaskthebuyertoperformthepaymentbasedonrevisedcontrast.Asweknow,thereexistsatrianglerelationshipbetweenapplicant,beneficiaryandopeningbank.L/C.Threepartiesshouldbeclearwiththeirownrightsandobligations,andbeawareofwhattheroleeachisplayingininternationalpayment.It’sobviousthatmodificationandextensionofL/Ccanberisky.Whenmakinganyofthem,boththesellerandthebuyershouldbecautious.Eventheirbusinesscontrastisrevised,theindependentL/Cshouldalsobemodified.