福建行政学院福建经济管理干部学院学报

2006397JOURNALOFFUJIANADMINISTRATIONINSTITUTEANDFUJIANINSTITUTEOFECONOMICSANDMANAGEMENTNo.3,2006GeneralNo.97---(,430072):,,。,。,,,。:;;;:B505:A:1008584X(2006)03004006:20060520:(1971),,,,。。,,,,。,,:。“,。”[1],19,。,。,,,,。,。,,,,。。,,,。[2],,,“”,,,“”,。[3],,。,。,,。,。·04·、。,“,。”[4],。。,,[5]13,、。、;,;---、---。,,---。,“,,。……,,,,”[5]7。,,、。[6]239,、,,,,“”,。(、)“;,。;,,,、。”[6]179,“,、、、,。”[5]9,,,、、,。“,,、、。,,,,。”[6]172,,。,。,,,,。“,。。,、、,,,,,,,。”[6]201。:。,。,。[7]51,。。,“;。,。……,。·14·,,。,,,。”[7]380,,。,,。,“,,;,;;;,;,。”[5]8,。,。,。,,。[5]263,,、,。,,。,。,。,,,,。,,。、,:。。,,,。,。,。,,,。“,;,。”[5]272。。。,,。。,。,,,。。“,,,,,,。”[5]276(),。,。,、,。,,:“,,。,:,,。。”[5]279-280,,,,。·24·,,。。、。,,,,,,,。[5]12,,。,。,,,。[5]224。,,,,,。,。[5]254,,,。,。,。[6]90,。,,,,。,,,,,,。。、。,,。[5]261-262,,。,,,,,。,。“,,,,。,,。”[5]12,,,。,,,“,,、,,。”[5]869、、,,。,。。,,,,、,,,。。,。,。,,。,,。,,,。。、、、、。。,,。,,,,。,。,、,。,,·34·。,,,。,,,。,,,---。[5]870,。,,。,---,。,。。,,,。,。,。,,、、、、、、、。,,。,,,,。,“、、,,……,,,,,。”[6]36,,,:“,,,,,,。,,。”[5]365-366,,:“,,”[5]367,,。,。,,。,“;,,;。……,;,。”[5]366,,。[5]103,,,,。,,,,,,。“,,。,,,。”[6]178,,,,。。,“,。,。,,。”[5]630,·44·。,,。,,;,。,、,。[5]638,。,,,,。,:;;、;,;,“,,。”[5]639,:“,。,。,。:,。”[5]640,,,。,,。,,。,“,。”[6]179,,:“,。”[5]274,,,、,,,。,。:[1]·.[M].,.:,2003:25.[2]TerenceH.Qualter.JohnStuartMill,DiscipleofdeTocqueville[J].TheWesternPoliticalQuarterly,1960,13(4).[3]·.[M].,,.:,2004.[4].[M].:,2006:126.[5].[M].:,1988.[6].[M].,.:,1997.[7].---20[M].,.:,1998.[:]TheHarmonyofEqualityandFreedom:ResearchintoTocqueville'DemocraticThinkingGUOWeiguiAbstract:Tocquevilleagreedthetimesofegalitarian,consciouslyledthedemocracyandthoughta-bouttheproblemsofmossdemocracyfromtheperspectiveofharmonizingtheequalityandfreedom.Hewasveryalerttotheabuseofdemocracywhenhesawthebenefitsofit.Inordertocopewiththedemo-craticautarchyandtyrannyofthemajority,Tocquevilleputforwardthatitshouldbemainlythroughbroadcivicassociationandcivicparticipationtocombineequalityandfreedomandtoconfrontthetyran-nyofequalitybyequalfreedom.Keyword:Tocqueville;Democracy;Freedom;Equality·54·