小说选读复习

1Whatisfiction?Anystorythatisnottrueorfactual.LiteraryFictionGenreFictionSci-Fi(ScienceFiction)Fantasy2Goodsciencefictionisnodifferentfromgoodfictioningeneral.Agoodreadhasengagingcharacters,gooddialogue,believableconflict,acharacterarcforthehero,andascoreofothercharacteristicsoffineliterature.Ifitdoesn'thavethat,it'sjustanotherspaceopera.Therearetoomanyofthosealready.3Whatmakesgoodsciencefiction/fantasy?Iloveagoodsci-fithatiswrittenwellenoughthatittakesmetothesetting.Thecharactersfitthesurroundingsbuttheyarebelievable.Thetechnicalodditiesarealwaysaplus-butmostlyIlikeagoodstory.Thestoryhastobestrongandwellthoughtout.Theuniversehastohavebeenthoughtoutwellenoughaswell,thattherearenottoomanyplotholesorunansweredquestions.4TheDifferenceBetweenGood&BadLiteraryFictionIhatetousethetermsgoodandbadtodescribeanybookbecausefictionisincrediblysubjectiveandwhatonepersonloves,anotherhates.Perhapsstrongliteraryfictionversusweakliteraryfictionarebetterterms.But,forsimplicity’ssake,I’llusegoodandbadjustthisonce.5Writer’sReliefIncsays:Literaryfictionisfictionofideas.Whilethestorymustbegood,emphasisonactionisnotoftenasimportantasemphasisontheideas,themes,andconcernsofthebook.Literaryfictiontackles“big”issuesthatareoftencontroversial,difficult,andcomplex.6DailyWritingTipssays:Thevocabulary[inliteraryfiction]maybemoreextensivethancommon,andwhenthestoryends,readersfeelthey’velearnednotjustthefateofthecharacters,butsomethingaboutthehumancondition.7WhatMakesGoodLiteraryFiction?Manyoftheclassicbookstypicallystudiedinhighschoolanduniversitycanbeconsideredliteraryfictionintermsofthestyleoftheirwriting.Themajorityofthemhaveeasilyidentifiableplots,suchasthefollowing(allofwhichIreadandstudied):8WutheringHeights,EmilyBronteTessofthed’Urbervilles,ThomasHardyTheGreatGatsby,F.ScottFitzgeraldHeartofDarkness,JosephConradToKillaMockingbird,HarperLeeTheEnglishPatient,MichaelOndaatjeTheShippingNews,E.AnnieProulxAtonement,IanMcEwan9WhatMakesGoodLiteraryFiction?So,goodliteraryfiction—atleastinmyexperience—isthatwhichmarriesexcellentplottingwiththought-provokinglanguage,orthatwhichsimplydazzlesuswithlanguageandcharacterizationeveniftheplottingremainssubtle.Butpleasenotethatsubtledoesnotmeannon-existent.10WhatMakesBadLiteraryFiction?Idon’twanttonameanynamesbecauseallbookshavesomeredeemingqualities,butIrecentlyacquiredabookthatboredtodeath.Myimmediatereactiontothestorywasthatthemaincharacterwasreallythejustauthorwritingabouthimself,inoneformoranother.Alotofthe‘action’centeredoncompletelyirrelevantdetails,andthedialoguewasterriblystiltedandamateurish.11WhatMakesBadLiteraryFiction?And,Imightadd,Iwascompletelyboredreadingit,becausenothingwashappening.Absolutelynothing.Goodliteraryfictionshouldn’tboreitsreader,evenifthereisn’talotofso-calledaction.AgainIsay,iftheplotissubtle,thenlanguageandcharacterizationmustintrigueyourreaderenoughtokeepthemreading.Badliteraryfictioncan’tdothat.12Sci-fiandfantasySciencefictionandfantasyaregenreswherealmostanythingcanhappen—aslongastheauthorcanmakeitseemplausible,andaslongasit’spartofagoodstory.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearenorules13Ifanything,thefactthatthesegenresaresowideopenmeanthattherearetonsofrulesoutthere,someunspokenandsomewritteninblackandwhite.14Somegoodreadsforyou!What'sEatingGilbertGrape?-PeterHodgesRunningWithScissors-AugustenBurroughsHarryPotterSeries-J.K.RowlingAngelsandDemons,orTheDaVinciCode,byDanBrowTheHobbit,ortheL.O.T.R.series,byTolkienTheOdyssey-HomerTheGodfather-MarioPuzo,TheBourneIdentity-RobertLudlumTomSawyer-MarkTwainTheThreeMusketeersandTheCountofMonte-Cristo-AlexandreDumas1-10aretrueorfalse1.Plotofastoryhad4parts:Exposition,Analysis,CrisisandResolution?[F]2.ToidentifythePointofViewisactuallytoidentifythenarrator.[T]3.PointofViewconstitutesaperson’sattitude,opinionsandconcernsfortheworld.[T]4.Characterinfictionisatruepersonwhoinhabitsastory.[F]5.Stockcharactersarethosewhodon’tchangethroughoutthestory.[F]6.Thesettingofastoryisjusttheplaceandtimewhereactionstookplace.[F]7.Styleisawayofspeakingandamodeofsymbolism.[F]8.Foregroundingisthebackgroundsettingofastory.[F]9.The“IcebergPrinciple”isthepartofstorywithnoactionsatall.[F]10.Themeisjustanotherwayofwritingtheplotsummary.[F]11-15arefillintheblanks11.Inliterarycriticism,itisnecessaryto__distinguish_________symbolfromimage,_metaphor___________and____________allegory____.(3)12.Asymboldiffersfrommetaphorinthatametaphorevokes_anobject_____inordertoillustrate_anidea___________ordemonstratea___quality__________,whereasa_______symbol_______embodiestheideaofthequality.(4)13.Themeiswhatever_generalidea__or__insight_____theentirestoryreveals.(2)14.Styleisthe____combination_____oftwoelements;the___idea________tobeexpressedandthe_linguistic____traitsoftheauthor.(3)15.Placesinfictionprovide_____alocation__foran___actiton__________and_________provokefeelings_____inus.(3)Mobsters：匪徒；四海一家；暴徒；江湖好汉GravelPit：砾坑；采砾场；砾石坑Bitethebullet：〈非正式〉咬紧牙关；忍受痛苦；咬子弹；咬紧子弹；顶住Mydogsarebarking：我的脚都走疼了Affect：v影响；侵袭；假装；使感染n.【心】情感；【数