2007-10-30:(40671145)(1976-),,,,()。E-mail:zjp01210@163.com*E-mail:ymhu@scau.edu.cn11*211.5106422.510650。GIS、、、、、。GISS152.7A0564-3945200903-0683-08Vol.40,No.3Jun.,2009ChineseJournalofSoilScience40320096、。[1]、、—。。1。1.1、[2]6~8[3]。GPSGPS±100m、GPSGPS。[4][5,6]90%~95%5%~15%。Gupta[7]、Lahlou[8]。[9][10]、。1.2Fisher[11]40[12][13,14]。。、。[15]。[16]。1.3[17,18]。、、、[19]、、[20]。[21]HerbstDiekkruger[22]SWMS—3D[23][16]“”Li[24]。1.4[25]Brocca[26]、[27]。。1.5[28]。Manfreda[29]0~30cm。[30]5~10m[31]、、[32]6843、[6](0~55~1010~2020~30cm)0~5cm。1.6。1。。2GIS、RS、、、、、。3S、、GIS、、、。3。、、。4。[4]。BogaertChristakos[33]Hoosbeek[34]。。、、。2GIS、、、、、、、、、、。2.1GISGISHeinemann[35]GIS、、、Morari[36]GISGISTulare、[37]。GIS[38]。GIS:68540[31]。GISGISArcGIS[39]ArcGIS[40]ArcinfoGRID、83%。GISGIS、GPSRS、。2.2。、、、、、[41][42]。-、[43,44][45,46]。、、、()、()。[47-48]、、Penman-Mon-tieth、NDVI、(SMMRS)。La-cava[44](SWVI)。[49]、、。2.3。BP[5]、Kriging[50]BP[51]BP[52]BPBP。BP、、[53]。BPBP、、、。(RBF)Kriging[54]。68632.4[55]。[56-58]。TylerWheateraft[59]MandelbrotPSDKravchenko[57]Perrier[56][60][61]。[62]0~15cm(θg)、(θv)(ρ=θv/θg)θg、θvρ2~7m,0~5m0~5mPerfect[63]、PerrierBird[64]QSF,QSF。、、[62,65]、[66]。、[67]。2.5WSN[68,69]、、、。、sink、[70]。Raul[71]Peter[72]、。、、、、、。[73,74][71,75,76]。3、、GPS、、、。、GIS、、、。、GIS、、、、:68740。、、GIS、、。:[1],.[M].:,20061-2.[2]MVBRATNEYAB,PRINGLEMI.Estimatingaverageandproportionalvariogramsofsoilpropertiesandtheirpotentialuseinprecisionagri-culture[J].PrecisionAgriculture,1999,1(2):125-152.[3],.[J].,2000,5(5):59-66.[4],,,.[J].,2003,17(1):178-182.[5],,,.[M].:,2005,81-119.[6],,,.[J].,2006,20(2):114-118.[7]GUPTARK,MOSTAGHIMIS,MCCLELLANPW,etal.Spatialvari-abilityandsamplingstrategiesforNO3-N,PandKdeterminationsforsite-specificfarming[J].TransactionsoftheASME,1997,40(2):337-343.[8]LAHLOUS,MRABETR,OUADIAM.Soilphysics:aMoroccanper-spective[J].JournalofAfricanEarthSciences,2004,39(3-5):441-445.[9]JAVEDI,JOHNAT.SpatialVariabilityAnalysisofSoilPhysicalProp-ertiesofAlluvialSoils[J].SoilScienceSocietyofAmericaJournal,2005,69(4):1338-1350.[10],,.[J].,2000,18(2):80-85.[11]MZUKUM,KHOSLAR,REICHR,etal.Spatialvariabilityofmeasuredsoilpropertiesacrosssite-specificmanagementzones[J].SoilScienceSo-cietyofAmericaJournal,2005,69(5):1572-1579.[12],,,.[J].,1998,13(1):122-128.[13],,.[J].,2003,14(4):515-519.[14],,,.[J].,2006,26(3):647-657.[15],,.[M].:,2005261-302.[16],,.[J].,2006,37(10):1217-1223.[17]JOSEA,YONGW,MARYC,etal.Fine-scalespatialvariabilityofphysicalandbiologicalsoilpropertiesinKingston,RhodeIsland[J].Geoderma,2000,(98),83-94.[18]WUJ,NORVELLWA,HOPKINSDG,etal.Spatialvariabilityofgraincadmiumandsoilcharacteristicsinadurumwheatfield[J].SoilSci-enceSocietyofAmericaJournal,2002,66:268-275.[19]BUTTAFUOCOG,CASTRIGNANOA,BUSONIE,etal.Studyingthespatialstructureevolutionofsoilwatercontentusingmultivariategeostatistics[J].JournalofHydrology,2005,311(1-4):208-218.[20]ENTINJK,ROBOCKA,VINNIKOVKY,etal.Temporalandspatialscalesofobservedsoilmoisturevariationsintheextratropics[J].Jour-nalofGeophysicalResearch,2000,105:865-877.[21],.[J].,2001,7(3):255-261.[22]HERBSTM,DIEKKRUGERB.Modellingthespatialvariabilityofsoilmoistureinamicro-scalecatchmentandcomparisonwithfielddatausinggeostatistics[J].PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth,2003,28(6):239-245.[23],,.[J].,2005,24(3):30-34.[24]LIJ,ZHAOCY,ZHUH,etal.Multi-scaleheterogeneityofsoilmois-turefollowingsnowthawinginHaloxylonammodendronshrubland[J].ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,2007,50(1):49-55.[25],,,.—[J].,2000,55(4):428-438.[26]BROCCAL,MORBIDELLIR,MELONEF,etal.SoilmoisturespatialvariabilityinexperimentalareasofcentralItaly[J].JournalofHydrolo-gy,2007,333(2-4):356-373.[27],,,.[J].,2004,18(3):53-56.[28]WILSONDJ,WESTERNAW,GRAYSONRB,etal.Spatialdistri-butionofsoilmoistureover6and30cmdepth,Mahurangirivercatchment,NewZealand[J].JournalofHydrology,2003,276(1-4):254-274.[29]MANFREDAS,MCCABEMF,FIORENTINOM,etal.Scalingcharacter-isticsofspatialpatternsofsoilmoisturefromdistributedmodelling[J].AdvancesinWaterResources,2007,30(10):2145-2150.[30],,.[J].,2004,13(6):14-20.[31],.[J].,2005,19(1):136-140.[32],,,.[J].,2005,16(9):1591-1596.[33]BOGAERTP,CHRISTAKOSG.Stochasticanalysisofspatio-temporalsolutecontentmeasurementsusingaregressionmodel[J].Stoch.Hydrol.Hydraul.,1997,11(4):267-295.[34]HOOSBEEKMK.Incorporatingscaleintospatio-temporalvariability:applicationstosoilqualityandyielddata[J].Geoderma,1998,85(2-3):113-131.[35]HEINEMANNAB,HOOGENBOOMG.DEFARIART.Deter-mina-tionofspatialwaterrequirementsatcountyandregionallevelsusingcropmodelsandGIS[J].AgriculturalWaterManagement,2002,(3):177-196.[36]MORARIF,GRIARDINIL.EstimatingevapotranspirationinthePadobabotaniealgarden[J].IrrigationScience,2001,20(3):127-137.[37]ZHANGM,GENGS,USTINSL.QuantifyingagriculturalLandscapeandassessinspatio-temporalpatternsofprecipitationandgroundwateruse[J].LandscapeEcology,1998,(13):37-53.[38],,,.GIS—[J].,2000,11(4):557-563.[39],,,.GIS[J].,2004,2l(l):49-54.6883[40],,.GIS—[J].,2005,20(1):132-139.[41]WIGNERONJP,CALVETJC,PELLARINT,etal.Retrievingnear-surfacesoilmoisturefrommicrowaveradiometricobservations:currentstatusandfutureplans[J].RemoteSen