液压滑台的PLC控制

重庆理工大学毕业论文（液压滑台的PLC控制）1目录摘要............................................................3Abstract.......................................................41概述....................................................................................................51.1机械滑台的优点、缺点........................................................................61.2液压滑台的优点、缺点...........................................错误!未定义书签。1.3电动滑台的优点、缺点...........................................................................71.4继电器控制与PLC控制方案的比较......................................................82总体设计方案..................................................................................................122.1液压滑台设计参数................................................................................122.2液压滑台的组成....................................................................................122.3液压系统的组成及工作原理................................................................122.4液压滑台的参数和尺寸........................................................................123液压系统工况分析..........................................................................................123.1运动分析................................................................................................123.2负载分析................................................................................................223.3绘制示意图...........................................................................................133.4初步确定液压缸的参数........................................................................33重庆理工大学毕业论文（液压滑台的PLC控制）24拟定液压系统图..............................................................................................214.1拟定液压系统原理图............................................................................214.2液压滑台原理图....................................................................................224.3液压滑台工作原理................................................................................215液压元件选择..................................................................................................275.1液压泵的比较........................................................................................215.2选择液压泵和电机.................................................................................315.3元、辅件的选择....................................................................................335.4确定管道尺寸.......................................................................................336液压系统验算..................................................................................................336.1管路系统压力损失验算.......................................................................336.2液压系统的发热与温升验算................................................................327液压滑台PLC控制系统的设计.......................................错误!未定义书签。7.1硬件的设计................................错误!未定义书签。7.2梯形图的设计..............................错误!未定义书签。8毕业设计总结..................................................................................................429参考文献..........................................................................................................45重庆理工大学毕业论文（液压滑台的PLC控制）3摘要液压动力滑台是组合机床用来实现进给运动的通用部件，液压动力滑台在组合机床中已得到广泛的应用。液压动力滑台通过液压传动系统可以方便地进行无级调速，正反向平稳，冲击力小，便于频繁地换向工作。配置相应的动力头、主轴箱及刀具后可以对工件完成各种孔加工、端面加工等工序，它的性能直接关系到机床质量的优劣。它利用液压传动系统实现滑台向前或向后的运动，由液压缸的左右运动来拖动滑台在滑座上移动，再由电气控制系统控制液压传动系统，实现滑台的工作循环。生产上多采用继电器逻辑线路对其加工过程进行自动控制,这种线路由于它的机械触点多、接线复杂、可靠性低、功耗高、通用性和灵活性也较差,因此越来越满足不了现代化生产过程复杂多变的控制要求。现采用PLC对此系统进行控制，可编程序控制器(PLC)实质上是一台工业控制专业计算机，其结构原理与一般微型计算机相同。它由主机、I/O、电源、编程器等组成，能够实现各种逻辑运算、顺序控制、定时、计数及在线监控等功能。采用面向用户的梯形图，编程简单，易于修改和使用。能很方便的实现多种复杂的自动工作循环，使用简单，编程方便，可靠性高，通用性和灵活性强，采用PLC控制液压系统完成基本的动作—液压缸的自由进退，从而实现液压动力滑台的进给运动。液压动力滑台的工作循环是：快进→工进→死挡铁停留→快退→原位停止五种工作工况。关键词：液压滑台、继电器控制、PLC控制重庆理工大学毕业论文（液压滑台的PLC控制）4ABSTRACTHydraulicPowerSlidingTableisacombinationoftoolsusedtoachievethefeedmovementofthegeneralcomponents,hydraulicpowerslideinthemodularmachinetoolhasbeenwidelyused.HydraulicPowerSlidingTablebyhydraulicvariablespeeddrivesystemcanbeeasilycarriedit,positiveandnegativetostable,theimpactforceissmall,easytoworkfrequentlychange.Configurationcorrespondingpowerhead,spindleandtoolboxontheworkpiececanbecompletedaftertheprocessingofvariousholes,faceprocessingandotherprocesses;itsperformanceisdirectlyrelatedtothemeritsofqualitymachinetools.TheslidingtablecouldmovebackwardsandforwardsbytheHydraulicTransmissionSystem,anditisalsopulledonthepedestalthroughtheright-leftmoveofthehydrauliccylinder,andthenunderthecontroloftheElectricalControlSystemtotheHydraulicTransmissionSystem,theHydraulicPowerSlidingTablehasfinishedaworkingcycle.GenerallyweuseRelayLogicCircuittocontroltheHydraulicPowerSlidingTableautomaticallyintheproductionprocess.Becauseofmanydisadvantagessuchasnumerousmechanicalcontacts,complexcircuit,lowreliability,highpowerconsumption,aswellaslowgeneralityandflexibility,RelayLogicCircuitgraduallycannotmeettherequirementofthecomplicatedoperationinthemodernproductionprocess.WenowusePLCtocontroltheHydraulicPowerSlidingTable.PLC(programmablelogiccontroller)actuallyisaprofe