如何扩大词汇量及词汇考点.

VocabularyHowtoenlargevocabulary一、词缀法1.ContextClues2.StemsandAffixes1.词根suicidehomicidepesticideinsecticideinscribetranscribedescribeprescribesubscribeascribeecologypsychologysociologybiologymeteorologyarcheologyanthropologyphysiologyphilologygeologyethnologyterminologytechnologyideology2.前缀super--superpowersupermansuperiorsupremepre/pri--precedepriorityprecedentpreviewpremierprimeministerprivilegemulti--multitudemulti-metermulti-nationalarmysub-subtitle/submarine/submergeover--overwork/overpopulation/overlookmicro--microwave/microscopemacro--macroeconomy/macro-readingil--illegal/illiterate/illogicalir--irregular/irresponsible/irrelevant/irresistibleim--immoral/immortal/impatient/impossible/impatient/impractical/improper/impoliteab--abnormalmal--malnutritiona--asexualmis--misunderstanding/misprintmisspellingdis--disappearance/disappointmentin--indirect/incomplete/incompetenceun--unfavorable/unprepared/unbiased/unprejudicedtransmissiontransactiontransplanttransfertransitiontranslationtransformation3.后缀successionsuccessiveexceedexcessexcessiverequirerequirementacquireacquisitioninquireinquiryinquisitionpersistenceinsistenceconsistenceassistancesuperiorityinferioritymortalitymoralitysafeguardhandoutoffspringintakemakeupmanuscriptsmogmoteloutskirtsbyproductshorthandeditor-in-chiefgo-betweenrope-dancing二、复合词三、类别词汇的扩大animal:swan,shrimp,shark,serpentclothes:blouse,garment,underwear,jean,pajamas,costume,gown,pants,outfit,vest,flower:tulip,lily,violet,rose,lotusoccupation:blacksmith,ambassador,historian,deputy,magician,electrician四、根据上下文猜测词义1)Commonwordswithnewmeanings(熟词生义、一词多义)2）Unfamiliarorstrangewords（生僻词）1)Commonwordswithnewmeanings(一词多义、熟词生义)E.g.observelocatefacultydisciplinespotperspectiveprincipalminuteflightcompositionnovelabusesubjectleadchargeitemlotoriginalarticleconcrete2.借助上下文（这一点在阅读理解中尤为重要）根据生词前后出现的其他词语的意思或整个句子的意思猜测词义。如：Heissuccessfulasabusinessmanbecauseofhisdynamicpersonality.Heseemstohaveunlimitedenergy.利用信号词is,iscalled,means,thatis,i.e.,or,definedas,referto等对某一词汇的定义、解释或说明猜测词义。如：Thewordbiotechnologyreferstoacombinationofbiologyandtechnology.利用信号词incontrast,ontheotherhand,ratherthan,however,yet,although,while,unlike,but,whereas,asopposedto等判断反义词的意思。如：MysisterMarieisanoptimist,whileherboyfriendisonewhoisalwaysgloomyandexpectstheworsttohappen.根据举例猜测词义。如：Condimentse.g.pepper,salt,andmustard,makefoodtastebetter.根据标点符号猜测词义。如：Theprincipalmoneyheputinhissavingsaccounttoearninterestwassafeeventhoughthebankwasclosedbythepolice.根据定语从句猜测词义。如：Thetypeofmeteriscalledmulti-meter,whichisusedtomeasureelectricity.根据同位语猜测词义。如：Theinventionofsnorkel,alongairtubethatreachesuptothesurface,hasmadeitpossibleforsubmarinetousetheirdieselengineevenwhentheyaresubmerged.根据上下文的逻辑关系猜测词义。如：Youshouldcutoutthisparagraphinordertomaketheessaysuccinct.根据常识猜测词义。如：Fishbreathewithgills.Exercises1Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhishat,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.Question:Whatdoestheword“prestidigitator”referto?A.AnactorB.AmagicianC.AjoyfulfatherD.AjokerExercise2Thestreamissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.Question:Theword“turbid”isclosestto.A.muddyB.strongC.confusedD.poisonousExercise3Youshouldcutoutthisparagraphinordertomaketheessaysuccinct.Question:Theword“succinct”couldbestbereplacedby.A.briefB.popularC.plainD.clearExercise4Smith,whocamelatetoeverymeetingwehaveheld,surprisedustodaybybeingpunctual.Question:Bythephrase“bybeingpunctual”theauthormeansthat.A.Smithcametotoday’smeetinglateagainB.Smithattendedtoday’smeetingatthetimefixedC.Smithsuddenlyappearedattoday’smeetingD.Smithrefusedtobepresentattoday’smeetingExercise5Whenyouleadadiscussion,itisunfairtocallonlyonyourfriends.Tobeequitable,youshouldcalloneveryonewhoraiseshishand.Question:Theword“equitable”couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?A.honestB.fairC.politeD.friendlyExercise6Weneverbelievedthathewouldresorttosubterfugeinordertoachievehisgoal;wealwaysregardedhimasanhonestman.Question:By“subterfuge”theauthormeans.A.anefficientwayB.strongmeasuresC.adishonestmeansD.others’helpExercise7Despitethefactthatthefirstexperimentswereabortive,hepersistedinhisresearch.Question:Theword“abortive”isclosestto.A.inprogressB.unsuccessfulC.fruitfulD.underway一、固定搭配：getgetacross被了解，讲清楚getalong前进，进展，过活getaway走开，离开，逃脱getdown从……下来getdownto开始，着手getinto对…发生兴趣，卷入（使进入）getover克服getthrough干完complywith/conformto/abideby/observe/follow/obeybeinterestedin/befondof/bekeenon/befascinatedby/beobsessedwith/beaddictedto/takefancyto/beattractedto/beabsorbedin/beimmersedin/beindulgedin/bepreoccupiedwith/beengrossedinaccuse…of/abuse…of/convict…ofcharge…withblame/criticize/scold/reprimand/prosecute/condemn/rebuke…forblamesth.onsb.butblamesb.for.sth.二、同形异义词辨析economic/economicalhistoric/historicalperiodic/periodicalvocation/vacationindustrial/industriousconsiderate/considerablecontinuous/continualaffect/effectprincipal/principledi