年英语专业八级考试全真试卷答案

1997年英语专业八级考试全真试卷答案听力原文Goodmorning,everyone.Todaywe’regoingtotalkaboutacidrain.Youmaywonderwhatisacidrain.Well,itisalmostimpossibletodescribethemathematicalrelationshipbetweenwhatgoesupaspollutantemissionsandwhatcomesdownasacidrain.Butwedoknowtheprimarysourceofacidrainisthepowerstationsmokestack.Thepollutantscombinewithmoistureintheatmosphereandtheyfallasanacidmixtureraisingtherain.DoyouknowwhattheGermansTheroyalwater,Imeantheacidrain,fallsinrainorsnowontheromanticBlackForest,andattacksthesoil.Micro-organismswithinthesoilcollapseandmetalsharmfultotreeslikealuminumareleakedout.Atthesametime,theacidrainattackstheleavesanddissolvetheirwaxycoating.Theleavesthenshrivelanddie.AboutoneineverytentreesintheBlackForestisafir.76percentofallfirsaredying.Thefirstsymptomsofdeathbypollutioninafiristheyellowingoftheneedles.Atthebackofthefirneedle,youcanseetheporesthroughwhichtheplantbreathes.Theacidraindestroysthosepores,andpreventthemfromclosing.Soonawarmday,theplantlosesallofitsmoisturethroughthoseopenpores.Theneedles,asaresult,Thestatisticsthatareavailablenowarehorrifying.OfthesetreesintheBlackForest,41%ofallsprucearediseased,43%ofallpinearediseased,26%ofbeechtrees,76%ofallfirtreesand16%ofallothersaredying.EnvironmentalgroupslikeGreenPeacecampaignaroundEuropearetryingGermanyisnowleadingthewayinattackingpartoftheproblem.Motorvehiclesarethoughttocontributesignificantlytothepollutionoftheatmosphere.Theby-productsofmotorvehicleemissionsareconsideredInordertocleanupmotorvehicleemissions,allnewcarsinGermanymustmeetemissionstandardsandbefittedwithadevicecalled“catalyticUseoftheconvertersrequirespeopletoswitchtolead-freepetrol.ThismightexplainwhytheEuropeansarereluctanttofollowGermany’sleadincleaningupitsmotorvehicleemission.It’sunlikelythatGermanywillforceherEuropeanneighbourstochangetolead-freepetrol.Thereasonisthatthoughherneighboursmaybeslowincleaninguptheirsmokestacks,theywillhavetocomplywiththenewmotorvehiclerequirementsiftheywantthewealthyGermantouristsdrivingCertainly,themenaceofacidrainknowsnobordersbecauseitgathersintheraincloudsandgoeswiththeprevailingwinds.SoCanada’slakesdiefromAmerica’spollution.Germany’streesdiefromhernext-doorneighbors.Sweden’slakesfallvictimtoBritain’sindustry.Andtherearemanysimilarexamples.AndIwon’tgointothembecauseoftimeLikeGermany,theUnitedStatesalsointroducedstrictcleanair-controlsonmotorvehicleemissionsinthemid-70saspartoftheireffortstoreduceacidrain.Butthroughoutthenorthernhemisphereit’sagreedthatsuchmeasures,thoughimportant,willbeofminimaleffect.Ifwearetosavewhat’sleftofforestsandlakesintheworld,astrictinternationalemissionstandardmustbeuniformlyimposedonindustry.However,itsunlikelythatwillbeagreeduponbeforemanymoreacresofpreciousforestsareInterviewer:Firstofall,Mr.Pitt.I’dlikeyoutotellmeabitaboutPitt:Itookfoursubjects,French,German,chemistryandart.Chemistrywasn’tPitt:Well,Ireallywantedtostudyart.Itdidn’tturnoutlikethat,becauseafriendofmyfathersofferedmeajob.It’sanaccountantinLondon.Aquitebigfirm,youInterviewer:Isee.Afirmofaccountants.Interesting.Inyourapplication,yousaythatyouonlyspentninemonthswiththisfirmofaccountants.WhyPitt:Itwasnearlyayearactually.Well,tobequitehonest,Ididn’tlikeit.Ijustcouldn’tseemtogetinterestedinthejobalthoughtherewerefairlygoodprospects.SoIgotaplaceattheartcollegetodoathree-Interviewer:Isee.NowMr.Pitt,whatabouthobbiesandinterests?Er,whatdoyoudoinyourPitt:Ilikejazz,traditionalandfolkmusic.Idon’tplayofcourse,butIgotoquitealotofconcertsandIgotothetheateroccasionallyandactabitmyself.I’minthelocalGermanicsociety.IreadquitealotandI’vedoneabitofphotography.Also,I’vetraveledalot.HitchhikeadollyforEurope.Interviewer:Veryinteresting.Mr.Pitt.Ithink,that’sallIwantedtoaskaboutyourbackground.Nowlet’stalkaboutthemanagementtraineescheme.WhatexacInterviewer:Butyouhavegotanyideasaboutit.YoumusthavethoughtPitt:Well,I...Supposehehasalotof...a...whatiscalledpolicymakingtodo.And...hehastoknowhowtoworkwithpeople,andallaboutthecompany.Pitt:Yes,I...shouldthinkamanagermustknowsomethingaboutallInterviewer:Yes,that’sright.Welikeourexecutivestafftoundergoathoroughtraining.YoungmenonourtraineeschemehavetoworkthroughInterviewer:Andoneofthemisaccountancy.Presumablyyouwouldn’tlikePitt:Well,ifIhadtodoit,Isuppose...ButIwasthinkingthatmyFrenchandGermanwouldmeanthatIcouldspecializeinoverseaswork.I’dlikeInterviewer:Youknow,theglamouroftravelingabroaddisappearswhenyou’vegotahardjobofworktodo.ItPitt:Ohyes,Irealizethat.It’sjustthatmyknowledgeoflanguageswouldbePitt:Well,thereisoneortwothings.I’dliketoknowifIhavetosignInterviewer:Withourscheme,Mr.Pitt,thereisnocontractinvolved.Yourprogressiskeptunderconstantreview.Ifweatanytimedecidewedon’tlikeyou,thenthat’sthat.WereservetherighttodiInterviewer:Asforsalary,you’llbeonourfixedscales,startingat870pounds.Forthesuccessfultrainee,theprospectInterviewer:That’sall,Mr.Pitt.Youshouldhearfromusinacoupleofweeks.Onewayortheother,orwemayaskyoutocomebackforanotherchat.SECTIORussianauthoritiesarequestioningfivemensuspectedoftakingaboutadozenschoolchildrenhostageandcomma