安全评价安全评价,国外也称为风险评价或危险评价,它是以实现工程、系统安全为目的,应用安全系统工程原理和方法,对工程、系统中存在的危险、有害因素进行辨识与分析,判断工程、系统发生事故和职业危害的可能性及其严重程度,从而为制定防范措施和管理决策提供科学依据。Safetyevaluation,alsoknownasriskassessmentorriskassessmentinforeigncountriesItspurposeistoachievetheproject,systemsafetywithapplicatngprincipleandmethodofsafetysystemengineering.Inthisway,findoutandidentifytheexistingdangersandharmfulfactorsinthesystem.Makejudgmentandseverityofaccidentsandoccupationharmpossibilityofengineeringandsystemandprovidescientificbasisformakingpreventivemeasuresandmanagementdecision.分类Classification安全预评价、验收评价、现状评价Safetypreevaluation,acceptanceevaluation,currentsituationevaluation目录Catalog1简述Sketch2法律基础Legalbasis3目的purpose4作用Effect5程序procedure6分类Classification7评价方法Evaluationmethod8评价方法种类Typesofevaluationmethods一、安全评价简述Safetyevaluationbriefintroduction安全评价按照实施阶段的不同分为三类:安全预评价、安全验收评价、安全现状评价。Safetyassessmentisdividedintothreecategoriesaccordingtotheimplementationstage:safetypreevaluation,safetyacceptanceevaluation,safetyevaluation.二、安全评价法律基础Legalbasisforsafetyevaluation《中华人民共和国新安全生产法》有如下规定:People'sRepublicofChinanewsafetyproductionlawhasthefollowingprovisions第二十九条矿山、金属冶炼建设项目和用于生产、储存、装卸危险物品的建设项目,应当按照国家有关规定进行安全条件论证和安全评价。Twenty-ninth:mining,metalsmeltingconstructionprojectsandconstructionprojectsfortheproduction,storage,loadingandunloadingofdangerousgoods,shallbeinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsofthestatesafetyconditionsandsafetyevaluation.第六十二条承担安全评价、认证、检测、检验的机构应当具备国家规定的资质条件,并对其作出的安全评价、认证、检测、检验的结果负责。Articlesixty-second:theinstitutionsshallhavethequalificationsofthestatebeinsafetyevaluation,certification,testingandinspectionareaandberesponsiblefortheirsafetyevaluation,certification,testing,inspectionresults.《安全生产许可条例》有如下规定:Safetyproductionlicenseregulationshasthefollowingprovisions:第二条国家对矿山企业、建筑施工企业和危险化学品、烟花爆竹、民用爆破器材生产企业(以下统称企业)实行安全生产许可制度。企业未取得安全生产许可证的,不得从事生产活动。Second:Chinaimplementsthesystemofsafeproductionpermitinminingenterprises,constructionenterprisesanddangerouschemicals,fireworks,civilianblastingequipmentmanufacturingenterprises(hereinafterreferredtoasenterprises)企业未取得安全生产许可证的,不得从事生产活动。Enterprisesshallnotengageinproductionactivitieswithoutthesafetyproductionlicense.第六条企业取得安全生产许可证,应当具备下列安全生产条件:Sixth:Enterpriseswhowanttoobtainasafeproductionlicenseshouldhavethefollowingsafetyproductionconditions:(一)建立、健全安全生产责任制,制定完备的安全生产规章制度和操作规程;Establishandimprovetheresponsibilitysystemforproductionsafety,andmakeacompletesafetyproductionrules,regulationsandoperatingprocedures;(二)安全投入符合安全生产要求;Safetyinputsmeetsafetyproductionrequirements;(三)设置安全生产管理机构,配备专职安全生产管理人员;Setupsafetyproductionmanagementorganization,equippedwithfull-timesafetymanagementpersonnel(四)主要负责人和安全生产管理人员经考核合格;Themainsupervisorsandthesafetyproductionmanagementpersonnelneedtopasstheexamination;(五)特种作业人员经有关业务主管部门考核合格,取得特种作业操作资格证书;Specialoperationspersonnelneedtobetestedbybusinesssupervisordepartmentsandobtainthespecialoperationcertificate;(六)从业人员经安全生产教育和培训合格;Safetyeducationandtrainingforemployees;(七)依法参加工伤保险,为从业人员缴纳保险费;Participateinindustrialinjuryinsuranceaccordingtolawandpayinsurancepremiumsforemployees;(八)厂房、作业场所和安全设施、设备、工艺符合有关安全生产法律、法规、标准和规程的要求;Thefactory,workplaceandsafetyfacilities,equipmentandprocessesneedtomeettherequirementsofthesafetyproductionlaws,regulations,standardsandprocedures.(九)有职业危害防治措施,并为从业人员配备符合国家标准或者行业标准的劳动防护用品;Needtohaveoccupationalhazardpreventionandcontrolmeasuresandprovideemployeeswithnationalstandardsorindustrystandardsoflaborprotectionsupplies;(十)依法进行安全评价;Dosafetyevaluationaccordingtolaw(十一)有重大危险源检测、评估、监控措施和应急预案;Havemajorhazarddetection,assessment,monitoringmeasuresandcontingencyplans(十二)有生产安全事故应急救援预案、应急救援组织或者应急救援人员,配备必要的应急救援器材、设备;(十三)法律、法规规定的其他条件。Haveproductionsafetyaccidentemergencyrescueplan,emergencyrescueorganizationoremergencyrescuepersonnel,equippedwiththenecessaryemergencyrescueequipment,equipment;(thirteen)thelawsandregulationsoftheotherconditions.三、安全评价目的thepurposeofsafetyevaluation安全评价目的是查找、分析和预测工程、系统、生产经营活动中存在的危险、有害因素及可能导致的危险、危害后果和程度,提出合理可行的安全对策措施,指导危险源监控和事故预防,以达到最低事故率、最少损失和最优的安全投资效益。Thepurposeistofindthesafetyevaluationsystem,analyzeandpredictofengineering,productionandbusinessactivitiesinthepresenceofdangerousandharmfulfactorsandmayleadtothedangerousandharmfulconsequencesandthelevel,putforwardreasonableandfeasiblesafetycountermeasures,guidehazardsmonitoringandaccidentpreventionforsafetytoachievethelowestaccidentrate,minimumloss.1)系统地从计划、设计、制造、运行、贮运和维修等全过程进行控制。Thesystemwillcontrolthewholeprocessofplanning,design,manufacture,operation,transportationandmaintenance.2)建立使系统安全的最优方案,为决策提供依据。Establishtheoptimalschemeofsystemsecurityandprovidethebasisfordecisionmaking.3)为实现安全技术、安全管理的标准化和科学化创造条件。促进企业实现本质安全化Createconditionstorealizethestandardofsafetytechnologyandsafetymanagement.Promotetheenterprisetorealizetheessentialsafety.四、安全评价作用theroleofsafetyevaluation1)可以使系统有效地减少事故和职业危害。Canmakethesystemreduceaccidentsandoccupationalhazardseffectively.2)可以系统地进行安全管理。Safetymanagementcanbecarriedoutinthesystem.3)可以用最少投资达到最佳安全效果。Bestsecuritycanbeachievedwithminimuminvestment4)可以促进各项安全标准制定和可靠性数