/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE、1997,,。,,。2000,。2000,(1)。,,。,3:、,;、、、,2007~2008;,,2004,。,1997,(Aizenman&Marion,2003;IMF,2003;Aizenman&Lee,2007;Jeanne,2007)。,,,、、。,、、。,,,,。,、:,,;,。*:(SupportedbytheFundamentalResearchFundsfortheCentralUniversities)(:2010221050);“———”(:08JC790087)。:,。。,,。,“”。,“”,“”。,,。::F831:A*22/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE:,。:IMF,InternationalFinancialStatistics。,,,。。,,,。(2008),,。(2009)。,,,,。。,,。,(ruleofthumb),2008。,2008,,,。1997,。,。,,,、;,,,,,,、、。。,?,,,?。,?,。:;,;;。、(),。Heller(1966)-。,。Heller(1966),110(1990~2009)(:)23/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE,,。FrankelandJovanovich(1981),,。Ben-BassatandGottieb(1992),。Heller(1966),。1990。,,,。,,。。,,,,。CaballeroamdPanageas(2005),。Jeanne(2007),“”。,Jeanne(2007)。Obstfeld(2008),。,。,,,,。。Ruiz-ArranzandZavadjil(2008)1997,。,()。,,。。、(2009)、、,,。,,,。,,,。Jeanne(2007),“”。,,,,,,,,,。()90,,1997,。,24/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE,。。,,,。,,,。,,;,,。,,,。,,probitlogit。FrankelandRose(1996)probit,4:、、。10519711992,。Berg(1999)Probit24,19955199712,。,CiarloneandTrebeschi(2005),12,301980~2002,76%。,BergandPattillo(2006)Logit,12,201993~2001。BergandBorensztein(2004)1999-2000(EarlyWarningSystem,EWS),,、。,。Calvo、IzquierdoandMejia(2004),(suddenstop),,,probit,32,。、()。(),()。,。π,。,:πit=g(Xit)(1)Frit=f(πit,Yit)(2)(1)X=(x1,x2,……),。:、、、、、、。(2)Y=(y1,y2,…….),π。:、、、。25/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE()1.,,,。ProbitLogit,Logit,Logit。Logit:E(πit|Xit)=e(β′Xit+αi)/(1+e(β′Xit+αi))(3),πit,0,1,。Xit。β=(β0,…,β6),α。(1),,,:(currencycrisis,CC)(suddenstop,SS)。,。,。(CC),、。,,。,FrankelRose(1996),。———25%;———10%。,,;。(SS),,,。,,,、、、;、,“”。,SSCC。,JeanneRanciere(2006)。:GDP5%,,:kt-1-kt5%,kttGDP。,,,3,3,。,,,1。CCSS1984、199419981983、1986、1997、200019971980、1997、20081986、1997、200819971984、1987、1994、1999、2005、20081983、19971983、19971984、1993、1998、2003、20071997、1982、19971982、1986:CEIC;。1(1980~2008)26/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE1,。,。,,SS;,FrankelWei(2004),,。:,CC,,SS;。,(CC),。,,(SS)(Calvo,IzquierdoMejia,2004),,,。,(CC)(SS),,Logit,。(2),,:(reer)、M2GDP(m2/gdp)、(cpop)、GDP(gdpgr)、GDP(pubdebt)、(Δfx)、GDP(forlia)。(reer):Calvo、Izquierdo&Mejia(2004),,,,。,。,,,,,,,。(m2/gdp):Obsfeld,ShambaughTaylor(2008),,。,;,,,。:(M2)。,,;,,。5%~20%,(Calvo,1996)。(cpop):,,。。(Δfx):,Heller(1966),。27/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE,。Jeanne(2007),。,,,,GDP,GDP,GDP。2.IMF(2003)、AizenmanMarion(2003)Choi,SharmaStr觟mqvist(2007)。,,,:fri,t=b0+b1*log(pcgdpi,t)+b2*imi,t+b3*σi,t+b4*d1*πit+b5*d2*πit+εit(4),fri,titGDP(GDP);pcgdpi,titGDP;σi,tit,3;imi,titGDP;πit(3);d1、d2,d11980~19971,0,d2,1997,;b0,εi,t。3.10,、、、、、、、、、。101980~2008。2。,(REER)HP;(forlia)2001CEIC,2001IFSyearbook,;(cpop)Kraay(1998),GDP,,。、(),。,,,。Jeanne(2007),,。,,(10%)。3。,,(10%);,,。4。,,SSCC。2IFS、BISGDPCEIC/GDPIFSyearbookCEICM2/GDPIFSCEIC/GDPIFSyearbookCEICCEIC28/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE4PanelLogitsscccc+ssC-3.66***(0.81)m2/gdp(-1)0.36(2.62)-1.55**(0.88)Δreer-9.21***(2.80)-14.39***(5.19)-7.65***(2.12)forlia(-1)6.23***(2.39)11.23***(3.53)Δfx-0.50***(0.18)Δfx(-1)0.12**(0.479)0.11**(0.05)Waldchi-sq(p)16.35(0.001)24.14(0.000)38.93(0.000)Hausmanchi-sq、p5.37P=0.15-1.69--2.77-226250226:,Hausman,。Hansmanchi-sq10%,,,。,*,**,***10%,5%1%。3PanelLogitsscccc+ssm2/gdp××××√×√√√√√√Pubdebt××××√×√√××××Δreer√√××√√××√√×√gdpgr√√××××××√√××forlia√√√√××××√√√√capopen×√×√×√×××××√Δfx××√√√√××××√√:√,10%,×;,√,,×,。:(1):、SS;、CC。(2),。,(Δreer)。。SS+CC,(m2/gdp),。,,m2/gdp,。SS,(forlia),。3,SS、CC、SS+CC。,,,2000,,。(),(4),。5。29/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE5(1980~2008)ss():ss(πit)cc():cc(πit)sscc():sscc(πit)-44.19**(20.07)-70.50***(17.65)-58.72***(8.99)-72.80***(6.85)-54.08***(8.75)-83.65***(9.31)LOG(PCGDP)7.83***(2.24)10.12***(2.01)9.40***(1.10)10.51***(0.89)7.13***(0.94)11.08***(0.90)IMP0.14***(0.05)0.27***(0.04)0.23***(0.04)0.27***(0.04)0.39***(0.03)0.36***(0.04)σ0.30(0.22)0.46**(0.20)0.10(0.21)0.28(0.18)-1.20(0.49)0.31(0.20)d1*πit?0.05(0.05)-0.07***(0.02)0.14(0.05)d2*πit?0.13**(0.05)-0.01(0.02)0.34***(0.06)d1*cpop-11.00**(4.77)-15.02***(4.57)d2*cpop5.23*(2.90)5.54*(2.86)226279226268226279R20.94790.93580.93170.92850.59950.5906F-p103.440.0000102.350.0000199.660.0000248.950.00068.350.0000134.690.000Hausmanchi2(5)=33.3,p=0.000,chi2(7)=14.99,p=0.036,chi2(5)=3.737,p=0.585,:,*,**,***10%,5%1%。。5:(1)SS,π1997,19971%,,。(2)π,π,,,,,、,SS,(pcgdp)20%,(imp)50%。,。,(3),,1997,,。,,。,“”。(3)CC,π(1997,1997,)。,30/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE2(1980~2008),。,CC,,1997,,1997,d1*cpop,,Jeanne(2007)。1997,d2*cpop,,。(4)(1)(3),。(5),SS+CC。SS,(),、、、、(2)。,,,2000,,。,。、,。10,“”,,2000。“”“”。,。10,,。,200031/2011.7STUDIESOFINTERNATIONALFINANCE:[1].、[J]..2008(3):34~43.[2],.———[J]..2009(8):27~36.[3],,.?———Panellogit[J]..2009(3):64~69.[4]Aizenman,Joshua.LargeHoardingofInternationalReservesandtheEmergingGlobalEconomicArchitecture[R].NBERWorkingPaper,2007,13277.[5]Aizenman,Joshua,NancyMarion.TheHighDemandforInternationalReservesintheFarEast:WhatIsGoingOn?[J].JournaloftheJapaneseandInternationalEconomies.2003,17(3):370~400.[6]AizenmanJ,JLee.InternationalReserves:PrecautionaryversusMercantilistViews[J].TheoryandEvidence.OpenEcon