安徽省2016年第一季度学科教师专业测试卷(高中英语)北辰版

中国最受信赖的教育品牌北辰教育·教学管理部第1页，共4页安徽省2016年第一季度学科教师专业测试卷（英语）（总分150分，时长120分钟）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。AResearchshowsthatchildhoodfriendshipsareimportantindicatorsoffuturesuccessandsocialadjustment.Children’srelationshipswithpeersstronglyinfluencetheirsuccessinschool，andchildrenwithfewerfriendsaremoreatriskofdroppingoutofschool，becomingdepressedandotherproblems.MakingandKeepingFriendsIsMorethanChild’sPlayWhen6­year­oldRachelreturnedtoschoolonarecentMondaymorning，hereyesimmediatelyscannedtheplaygroundforherfriendAbbie.“Thoughtheywereonlyseparatedbyaweekend，thegirlsranrightintoeachother’sarmsandhugged，”recallsRachel’smotherKathrynWillisofGilbert.“Itwaslikeascenefromamovie.”Mostparentsinstinctivelyknowthathavingfriendsisgoodfortheirchild.Expertsagreethatfriendshipisnotsimplychild’splay，butapowerfulpredictorofsocialadjustmentthroughoutlife.ASkillforLife“Childhoodfriendshipsserveasaveryimportanttraininggroundforadulthood，”saysDr.RobbieAdler­Tapia，psychologistwiththeCenterforChildren’sHealth&LifeDevelopmentattheEastValleyFamilyResourceCenter.ResearcherWilliamHartupstates，“Peerrelationscontributesignificantlytobothsocialandcognitivedevelopment.”Hartupconcludesthatthesinglebestchildhoodpredictorofadultsocialadaptationisnotschoolgradesorclassroombehavior，butrather，howwellachildgetsalongwithotherchildren.TheworkofArizonaStateUniversityprofessorofDevelopmentalPsychologyGaryLaddprovesthatjustasbeingabletomakeandkeepfriendsisbeneficialtokids，soisthelackoffriendsdetrimental.GoodFriendshipsDon’tJustHappenExpertsagreethatitisessentialforchildrentoestablishhigh­qualityfriendships.But，researcherswarn，thesefriendshipsdon’tnecessarilyjusthappen.Often，agoodfriendshipbeginswithinvolvedparents.PsychologistDr.LynneKenneyMarkanbelieveskidsshouldbetaughtsocialskillsinmuchthesamewaytheyaretaughtmathandreading.BadCompanyManyparentsworryaboutthequalityaswellasthequantityoftheirchild’sfriendships.“Whenshewasin1stgrade，hersupposed‘bestfriend’begancallinghernamesandthreateningtohurther，”saysMindyMiller.“Mydaughterwasn’tallowedtotalktoorevenlookatothergirlsinherclass.Itreallycrushedherspirit.Itoldmydaughtershedidn’tneeda‘friend’likethat.”“I’llbendoverbackwardstohelpmysongettogetherwithafriendIthinkisgoodforhim，”Adler­Tapiasays.“Idon’tlookatitasmanipulation，justpositiveparentalinvolvement.”1．TheexampleofRachelandAbbieisusedtoillustratethat________.A．childhoodfriendshipisofgreatsignificancetotheirgrowthB．apositivefriendshiphelpschildrensolveemotionalandphysicalproblemsC．itisaprovenfactthatpeerfriendshipisthemostrewardingexperiencethroughoutlifeD．RachelmissedherfriendAbbieverymuchbecauseoftheirseparationofoneweekend2．Theunderlinedword“detrimental”couldbereplacedby________.A．aggressiveB．disappointingC．ridiculousD．harmful3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethathigh­qualityfriendshipmostprobablyresultsfrom______.A．socialskillsandgoodstudyhabitsB．schoolgradesandclassroombehaviorsC．academicsuccessandsocialadaptationD．positiveparentalinvolvementandsocialskills4．FromthelastparagraphwecanconcludethatDr.RobbieAdler­Tapiaagreesthat________.A．parentsshouldregardmakingfriendsassomethingthatjusthappensB．it’swiseforparentstosupportandencouragehealthypeerrelationshipsC．parentsonlyneedtohelptheirchildrentocopewithdifficultsocialsituationsD．parentsaresupposedtoencouragetheirchildrentomakeasmanyfriendsastheycanBWhenyoubiteintoaloafofbread,you’reeatingalittlesliceofhistory,withrootsthatstretchbackformillennia.Butthisbasicandimportantfood,whichhasdominatedtablesforthousandsofyears,isinadangerousdecline.Accordingtoastudy,32percentofthepurchasedbreadisbeingdumpedintheUK.AndinFrance–acountrywhosebreadsareinternationallywell-known–youngpeopleareeating30percentlessthanadecadeago.Traditionally,breadhasbeenacornerstoneofmanyculturesaroundtheworld.Whereverwheatwasgrown,breadwassuretofollow.Itsroleswerejustasvariedasitsorigins.Breadcouldbeusedasanappetizer,apalatecleanser,apost-mealpalatecleaner–evenasanentiremealitself.Asitspopularitygrew,sotoodiditssymbolicvalue.ChristianityadoptedbreadasarepresentationofChristduringreligiousceremonies.“Breakingbread”withsomeonebecameacommonsymboloffriendship.TheFrenchevenusedtobringbaguetteshomeasasymboloflovetothefamily.Butrecently,theworld’slovewithbreadcametofade.Someguessthatthefastpaceofmodernlifeischangingpeople’seatinghabits.Othersbelieveit’sareflectionofhealthconcerns.Breadisrichincomplexcarbohydrates,afactthatcouldalienateanyonewhopracticesalow-carbonorgluten-freelifestyle.Theshiftagainstbreadisalsoassociatedwithitsmassproduction.Extrayeastandadditivesareaddedtothedough,toextenditsshelflife.Intheprocess,breadendsupbeingblanchedandnutritiousstripped.Butdedicatedbakersaroundtheworldhaverushedforwardtorescuebread’sgoodreputation.Theysaynotomassproductioninfavorofbakingflavorfulloavestheold-fashionedway.BritishbakerMarkNewmanisagoodexample.Hisloavestakeupto18hoursfromstarttofinish.“Intermsofnutritionandeatingsatisfaction,ahandmadeloafofrealbreadandmass-producedbreadarecompletelydifferentp