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介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一、介词+关系代词“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式问题，使用的关系代词一般是which/whom，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句,指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用which,即介词+which/whom.常有以下几种结构：1.介词+关系代词(which/whom)MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.=Mandelawastheblacklawyer(whom/who/that)Iwenttoforadvice.Yesterdayheboughtatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudythesky.2.介词的选择，该结构主要从以下几方面考虑。(1)先行词跟介词的搭配I'llneverforgetthedayonwhichweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.(把theday带入从句后，加on才成立，即weworkedtogetheronthedayinthecountryside)Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichwecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.(throughwhich即throughthehole)(2)定语从句中动词、形容词等对介词的搭配要求ThetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltpoundwereJim'sgoldwatchandDella'shair.(2)有时候还有从逻辑意义方面考虑Doyouknowthegirl_____whomthemantalkedjustnow?(talk后用to,with还是about,则根据先行词、定语从句中的动词talk考虑，此处用with或to比较好）特别提示(1)有些动词短语不能拆开，则不能转化成“介词+关系代词”结构，介词仍然放在动词的后面。常见的这类动词有：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等Thebabieswhomthenursesaretakingcareofareveryhealthy.巩固练习：介词如何选1.Doyoulikethebook_______________shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_______________shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook_______________shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_______________sheoftentalks?5.Ihaveapairofglasses,_____________________Ican’tseeanything7.Thisisthecar___________Igotoworkeveryday.8.Thisisthecar___________Ican’tgotowork.9.Thisisthecar___________theoldmanwasknockeddown.10.Thisisthecar___________aboythrewastone.11.Thisisthecar___________wetalked.13.Danielistheperson______________Italkedjustnow.______________Iworkedtogether.______________Ilearnedthenews.下面句子中，介词能提前吗？Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.3.特殊句型：（1）介词+关系代词后接不定式短语作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。Hehasaknifewithwhichtodefendhimself.=Hehasaknifewithwhichhecandefendhimself.（2）先行词way后定语从句当先行词是way，在从句中作方式状语时，引导定语从句的关系词有inwhich,that和不用任何关系词这三种形式。Idon'tunderstandthewayinwhich/that/-theyworkedouttheproblem.试比较以下两个句子关系词的不同Thewaythat/which/-heexplainedtouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.(关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语）Thewaythat/inwhich/--heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.(关系词在从句中作状语，相当于inthis/thatway）典例Iwilltellyoutheway_____youcanstudyEnglishwell,becauseIknowtheway____youhaveacceptedisnotthebest.A.how;howB.that;thatC.which;whichD.inwhich;inwhich（3）名词/代词/数词/形容词比较级，最高级/序数词/百分数/分数+of+关系代词(which/whom)LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfrombookstore,threeofwhichwereEnglishnovels.=LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,ofwhichthreewereEnglishnovels.Hewroteabook,thenameofwhichI'vecompletelyforgotten.Theoldmanhastwodaughters,bothofwhomaredoctors.Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.在正式书面英语中，可用ofwhich或ofwhom来代替whose，但要注意定冠词的使用Inmyclassthereare50students,thebackgroundsofwhomaredifferent.=whosebackgroundsaredifferent.Ihaveapencil-box,thecoverofwhichisred.=whosecoverisred.注意观察以下几个句子：RecentlyIboughtanancientvase，thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.whosepriceofwhichthepriceRecentlyIboughtanancientvase，anditspricewasveryreasonable.RecentlyIboughtanancientvase，itspriceveryreasonable.（4）当先行词为oneof+复数名词，从句谓语动词用复数形式；theonly/veryone+复数名词是，从句谓语动词用单数形式。（1）Heisoneofthestudentswhohavemadegreatprogress.(2)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgreatprogress.课后检测1.Thebuses,______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.whichmostD.thatmost2.Therearetwobuildings,______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich3.RecentlymyfatherboughtaChinesepainting,______wasveryreasonable.A.thepriceofwhoseB.whichpriceC.thepriceofwhichD.itprice4.Thebuildingbeyondtheriverisagym,______isalargesquare,whereallkindsofconcertsareusuallyheld.A.inthesouthofwhichB.whereC.tothesouthofitD.southofwhich5.Theyhavestartedaninvestigation,_______arebeingkeptsecret.A.thedetailsofwhichB.whichdetailsC.thedetailsD.thedetailsofthat6.Theman______hasgonetoJapan.A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyouC.whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout7.Thedoctor______isgoingtoEuropenextyear.A.whichthemanageristalkingtoB.whothemanageristalkingC.themanageristalkingtohimD.themanageristalkingto8.Heis______everyonerespects.A.thepersonB.theonewhichC.whomD.who9.Doyouknowtheman______justnow?A.towhoInoddedB.InoddedtoC.whomInoddedD.WhomInoddedtohim.10.Thedoctor______isleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking11.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson______shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom12.Thedoctor______shesentherfriendisveryfamous.A.towhomB.towhoseC.whomD.atwhom13.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom14.Passmethebook______coverisred.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD.that15.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone______familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose16.Thegirl______auntisafamoussingerisfondofmusic.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose17.Itwasameeting______importanceIdidn’trealizeatthattime.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose18.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?Isthisthemuseum____youvisited?A.whereB.thatC.onwhich19.Thatisthetown______hewasborn.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.why20.Isthisthefactory_____