金融英语70%

1.centralbankAnationalbankthatprovidesfinancialandbankingservicesforitscountry'sgovernmentandcommercialbankingsystem,aswellasimplementingthegovernment'smonetarypolicyandissuingcurrency2.monetarypolicyMonetarypolicyistheprocessagovernment,centralbank,ormonetaryauthorityofacountryusestocontrol(i)thesupplyofmoney,(ii)availabilityofmoney,and(iii)costofmoneyorrateofinteresttoattainasetofobjectivesorientedtowardsthegrowthandstabilityoftheeconomy.3.settlementTheactionorprocessofsettlinganaccount4.timedepositAdepositinabankaccountthatcannotbewithdrawnbeforeasetdateorforwhichnoticeofwithdrawalisrequired5.savingsdepositSavingsaccountsareaccountsmaintainedbyretailfinancialinstitutionsthatpayinterestbutcannotbeuseddirectlyasmoney(forexample,bywritingacheque).Theseaccountsletcustomerssetasideaportionoftheirliquidassetswhileearningamonetaryreturn.6.timedepositoflump-sumdepositandwithdrawalTimedepositoflump-sumdepositandwithdrawalisakindofdepositthatyoucandeposittheprincipalforonetimeandisissuedbythesavinginstitutionacertificateofdeposit(alsoknownaspassbook)againstwhichtheprincipalandinteresrmaybewithdrawnwhendue.7.timedepositofsmallsavingsforlump-sumwithdrawalTimedepositofsmallsavingsforlump-sumwithdrawalreferstosavingsdepositwhosetermsareagreed,andwhosefixedamountisdepositedeverymonthwhenopeninganaccount.8.workingcapitalloanAloanwhosepurposeistofinanceeverydayoperationsofacompany.Aworkingcapitalloanisnotusedtobuylongtermassetsorinvestments.Insteadit'susedtoclearupaccountspayable,wages,etc.9.liquidityriskInfinance,liquidityriskistheriskthatagivensecurityorassetcannotbetradedquicklyenoughinthemarkettopreventaloss(ormaketherequiredprofit).10.investmentbankAbankthatpurchaselargeholdingsofnewlyissuedsharesandresellsthemtoinvestors.11.NasdaqNationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersAutomatedQuotations,acomputerizedsystemfortradingsecurities.12.ratingagencyAcreditratingagency(CRA)isacompanythatassignscreditratingsforissuersofcertaintypesofdebtobligationsaswellasthedebtinstrumentsthemselves.Insomecases,theservicersoftheunderlyingdebtarealsogivenratings.13.putoptionAnoptiontosellassetsatanagreedpriceonorbeforeaparticulardateWhat’sIMF?Whatdotheydo?What’sSDR?TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)isanorganizationof187countries,workingtofosterglobalmonetarycooperation,securefinancialstability,facilitateinternationaltrade,promotehighemploymentandsustainableeconomicgrowth,andreducepovertyaroundtheworld.TheIMF'sfundamentalmissionistohelpensurestabilityintheinternationalsystem.Itdoessointhreeways:keepingtrackoftheglobaleconomyandtheeconomiesofmembercountries;lendingtocountrieswithbalanceofpaymentsdifficulties;andgivingpracticalhelptomembers.TheSpecialDrawingRight(SDR)isaninternationalreserveasset,createdbytheIMFin1969tosupplementtheexistingofficialreservesofmembercountries.ItisapotentialclaimonthefreelyusablecurrenciesofIMFmembers.Inadditiontoitsroleasasupplementaryreserveasset,theSDRservesastheunitofaccountoftheIMFandsomeotherinternationalorganizations.Ifyouareapplyingworkingloan,whatarebeprepared?Awrittendocumentofcourse,aCertificateoftherepresentetiveoftheenterpriselegalperson,oraletterofauthorizationfromtherepresentativeifyouaregoingtosignagreementswiththebank,relatedresolutionsoftheBoardofDirectorsandthecharterofyourcompany;BusinessLicensefortheEnterpriseLegalPersonverifiedintheannualcheck(Copyfilesaccepted);theauditedfinancialstatementsforlastthreeyearsandtherecentfinancialstatements,aLoanCardifyouhavegotoneandotherdocumentandcertificatesrequiredbyBank.Whatisthedifferencebetweenacommercialbankandaninvestmentbank?Ifacompany(oranyotherentity)wantstoraisemoney,thecompanyhastwooptions:1)borrowfromacommercialbankor2)issuestockorbondsinthecapitalmarkets.Inordertotakeadvantageofthecapitalmarkets,thecompanyorotherentityneedsaninvestmentbanker.Theinvestmentbankerbuysthecompany'sstocksorbondsandthentriestoresellthemtointerestedinvestors(likemutualfunds,pensionfunds,orindividualinvestors).Theprocessiscalledunderwritingsecurities.Theinvestmentbankgivestheissuingcompanyneededfunds,andtakesontherisk(sometimessubstantialrisk)ofowningthesecurities.Theprocessisriskybecausethebankmaynotbeabletosellthesecuritieslaterandthuswouldlosealotofmoney.Thebankalsoprovidesservicessuchassettingupdealsbetweenmergerandacquisitionpartners.Theinvestmentbankmakesmoneyonthelatersaleofthesesecurities.Acommercialbankontheotherhandisinbusinesstodotwomainthings:holddepositsandmakeloans.Thecommercialbankcreatesmoneybylendingoutdepositstoindividualsseekingaloanforsomedesignatedpurpose(forexample,acarloanoraloantostartasmallbusiness).Thecommercialbankalsokeepsdepositsonhandforindividualswishingtousethemoneytomakepayments(likeacheckingaccount).Thecommercialbankmakesprofitbylendingouttoindividualsandotherentitiesandcollectingpaymentsfromtheseborrowersforprincipalandinterest.whatarethefunctionsoffinancialsector?以下三段可参考thefunctionsofthefinancialsectoraretoreduceriskineconomiclifebyprovidinginsuranceprotection,toassistthegovernmentinstabilisingtheeconomy,tocreatemechanismsforpaymentsfor