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BankingIndustry1TheBankingindustryinChina1WordsandexpressionsBanking银行业银行业务ChinabankinghistoryJoint–equitycommercialbanks股份制商业银行Businessdomains业务领域商业领域Subordinateestablishments下级机构从属机构（immediate直接的）All-in-onemonopolisticbangkingsystem一体化的垄断银行系统Macroeconomicmanagement宏观经济管理StateCouncil国务院Financialsector金融产业经溶界财政部门Formulatemonetarypolicy制定货币政策Currency通货货币Exercisesupervisionoverthefinancialinstitutions对金融机构进行监管Financialsystem金融系统Issuerenminbiandregulateitscirculation发行人民币并控制人民币流通Thestateforeignexchangereserve国家外汇储备Fiscalagent财务代理Creditinformation征信信息CompileStatisticsandstatements编制数据和报表Paymentandsettlement支付与清算Monetarybase=monetarysupplyAggregatecredit信贷总量Benchmarkinterestrate基准利率Fiscaldeficit财政赤字Statetreasury国库Currencydistribution现金调拨Breakeven不赚不赔收支相抵Lendingfacility信贷机构Interestsubsidy贴息Fixed-asset固定资产Policy-relatedcredit政策性贷款Policy-basedprojects政策工程Lineofbusiness业务范围Indicator指标Completeplant成套设备Financialsupervisoryregime金融监管体制Trust信托Businessscope营业范围On-siteoff-site现场非现场的Deposittakinginstitution吸收存款的机构Functionaldepartment职能部门Interestrateexchangerate利率汇率Realestate不动产Licensetheirestablishment许可特许给发许可证Securityandinsurance证券和保险InternationalcapitalflowReal-time实时的Plenarysession全会Aprovisionofthisagreement条款Subsidiary子公司Surveillance监管监督Optimize使最优化Amountto总计达到Moneylaundering洗钱Macro-adjustment宏观调控Creditinsurance信用保险2AbbreviationsPBCPeople’sBankofChinaADBCAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChinaNPCNationalPeople’sCongressCBRCtheChinaBankingRegulatoryCommission2TheWorldBank1WordsandexpressionsCreditworthy有信誉的Low-interestinterest-free低息免息无息Grant、拨款、补助金津贴Bilateral双方的双边的Arbitration公断仲裁Expropriation征收没收Currencyinconvertibility货币不可兑换Signatory签署国签约人besignatorytoanagreementHardloan硬贷款条件苛刻的贷款Proceeds收益收入Default拖欠Liquidity流动资本Indefault违约Tender投标bid投标出价Furnish提供供应装备percapitaincome人均收入Exclusively专门的专有的Jointventure合资企业合营企业Securityunderwritingactivity证券承销业务Stockexchange证券交易所Emergingmarket新兴市场Writeoffinvestments核销处理（勾销、报废）Turnover营业额交易额/人员更替数、人员更换率Privatization私有化Publicsector公共部门公共成分Softloan软贷款低息贷款Maturity到期theyhave40maturities。期限Principalandinterest本金和利息Graceperiod宽限期Disburse支付支出Loanbalance贷款余额Ceiling最高限度Eligibility有资格合格Subscription捐款订金Lease出租租约Capitalization收益的资本化资本总额Affiliate隶属机构Liaison关联联系【法】Invitebidortender招标Furnishprocurementinformation提供采购信息Subscribedcapital认缴股本注册资本Carrythehighestqualityrating由最高的质量等级Foreignexchangereserveposition外汇储备头寸储备头寸是一国在国际货币基金组织的自动提款权，其数额的大小主要取决于该会员国在国际货币基金组织认缴的份额，会员国可使用的最高限额为份额的125%，最低为0。2AbbreviationIBRDtheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopmentIDAtheInternationalDevelopassociationLDClessdevelopedcountriesDCdevelopedcountriesMIGAtheMultinationalInvestmentGuaranteeAgencyIFCInternationalFinanceCorporationDFCdevelopmentfinancecorporationSDR特别提款权specialdrawingrightsSDR是国际货币基金组织（IMF）创设的一种储备资产和记账单位，亦称“纸黄金Arrear欠款inarrears拖欠贷款逾期3TheFinancialSystemWordsandexpressionsBuildingsociety房屋互助协会Homeloan住房贷款Lifeinsurance生命保险Investmenttrust投资信托公司Venturecapitalcompany风险投资公司Discounthouse贴现公司,银行Note-issuingauthority负责纸币发行的政府机构Creditfacility信贷融通信贷安排Financialintermediary金融中介机构Broker经纪人adviser顾问Favoredborrower特权借款人Marketpractice市场实务Thescaleofbusiness商业规模Balance余额Moneytransmissionfacility货币汇送工具Broadlyconstruedmarket广义的市场Strikeabargain敲定一笔生意Transaction交易Marketmaker做市商市场庄家Fraud欺骗欺诈malpractice不正当行为Honortheircommitment履行承诺兑现诺言Expansionandcontraction扩张收缩Boomandslump繁荣和衰退Claim权证Liability负债Liquidity流动性Priorclaim优先索取权Loansaresecuredonassets贷款由资产作保Equityasset产权资产Shareholder股东Marketability市场化程度Ondemand一经要求见面即付Demanddepositcurrentdeposit活期存款Marketable可通过市场买卖的Dealatshortnotice就一纸卖出指令交易Realestate/estateproperty房地产Allocation分配拨款Surplus盈余lossHangfire进展慢行动迟缓Derivativeinstrument衍生工具4InternationalMonetarySystemandBalanceofPaymentBOPdeficit过节收支赤字balanceofpaymentsDeflatetheeconomyanddevaluetheUSdollar紧缩经济是美元贬值Devaluedepreciatedevaluate贬值Appreciateincreaseinvalue升值GoldExchangestandard金汇兑本位制Speculator投机者Perfectcompetition完全竞争Tradeweight贸易权重Internationalsettlements国际清算Currencybloc货币联盟/集团CurrencyArea货币区ECEuropeanCommunity欧洲共同体Solidline实线Ceilingfloor最高最低点EMSEuropeanMonetarysystem欧洲货币体系Floatingcurrencyexchange浮动汇率汇率Tradedeficit贸易逆差tradesurplus贸易顺差Managedfloat有管理的浮动dirtyfloatFreefloatcleanfloatCurrencyunit货币单位5TheEconomicRoleofFinancialSectorWordsandexpressionsBarter物物交换、实物交换Bartereconomy易货贸易经济Monetaryeconomy货币经纪mediumofexchange交易媒介transactioncost交易成本depositreceipt存款收据equityparticipation参股debtissuing发放债务creditrisk信贷风险debtcapital债务资本equitycapital权益资本Goodsareexchangedinkind以货代款、以实物Primitiveeconomy原始经济Financeexpenditure进行融资Balancesheet资产负债表Liabilitydebt债务负债asset资产Networth净值资产净值Creditor债权人debtor债务人Usury高利贷Dividendpayment支付红利Institutionalarrangement制度安排Counterbalance抵消Mortgage抵押Bankruptcy破产OECDOrganizationforeconomiccooperationanddevelopment6InternationalMonetaryFundWordsandexpressionstheIMFArticlesofAgreement国际货币基金组织协定articles协议协定BrettonWoodConference布雷顿森林会议Convertiblecurrency可兑换的货币Balance–of-paymentsdisequilibria[dis·e·qui·lib·ri·um||‚dɪsekwɪ'lɪbrɪəm失衡不平衡Parvalue票面价值Quota定额限额Theamountacountrycandraw一国可以支取的数量Enteranagreement订立协议Consultwith磋商Currentaccou