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定语从句1适用学科英语适用年级高一适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟知识点定语从句关系代词；介词+关系代词教学目标知识：定语从句关系代词；介词+关系代词方法：简明扼要的讲解，并配套经典习题的练习能力：提升定语从句关系代词的使用熟练程度教学重点关系代词的运用规则教学难点如何正确使用介词+关系代词教学过程一、课堂导入定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。二、复习预习讲解上节课布置的作业与练习，以达到复习上节课知识点的目的；接着给学生们一些定语从句的简单的单选题，让学生们思考并给出答案，并请学生自己解析为什么做出这样的选择，老师暂时不去解析，让学生们形成独立思考的能力，同时引导学生发现问题。三、知识讲解知识点1：定语从句的基本概念---先行词、关系词与关系词的作用1）.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.）关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。3）关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。知识点2：关系代词引导的定语从句1【考查点】.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.【易错点】下列情况下用who:1、先行词为one,ones,anyone,those等并且指人时2、当主句是therebe结构时3、当先行词是I、you、he、they人称代词主格时eg.1.Peoplethankthosewhoworkedhardtosavesurviors.2.Therearemanypeoplewhowalkinthestreet.3.Hewhohelpsothersgetshelp.2.【考查点】.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)Mr.Lingisjusttheboy（whom）Iwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Theman（who/whom）youmetjustnowismyfriend.3.【考查点】.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.【考查点】.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(2)Whereistheman（that/whom）Isawthismorning?(3)Thisisthepen（that/which）heboughtyesterday.【易错点】下列情况下只能用that:1、先行词为all,everything,much,little,few,none,theone等2、先行词为序数词、最高级、theonly,thevery等修饰时3、先行词中既有人又有物时4、主句以who,which开头，或先行词是who时eg.1.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedisSummerPalace.3.ThisisthebiggestapplethatIhaveevereaten.4.Theyaretalkingabouttheteachersandsubjectsthattheyknowwell.5.Whichisthebookthatyoureadjustnow?5.【考查点】.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(1)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(2)Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(4)Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?6【考查点】.as在定语从句中一般运用于这些结构：as....asso/such...asthesame....as;asweknow正如我们所知asisreported正如所报道的那样asisoftenthecase这是常有的事情知识点3：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（根据先行词还原法）关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(先行词若指物关系词只能用which,若指人只能用whom,此时关系词不可省略)(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.(4)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5)We'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.(6)We'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意【易错点】：含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(T)四、例题精析【例题1】Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_______liveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.Which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用whose。【例题2】Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人；定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。【例题3】Hemaywinthecompetition,_____heislikelytogetintothenationalteam.A.inwhichcaseB.inthatcaseC.inwhatcaseD.inwhosecase【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。两分句间无连词，故排除B项（不能用作连词，inthis/thatcase用于并列句中）。此处which指代前面主句，inwhichcase引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的inthis/thatcase。句意为：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，他就可能进入国家队。【例题4】.Thereisnosimpleanswer,_____isoftenthecaseinscience.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。五、课堂运用【基础】1、.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意为：最后他到达一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛。定语从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词；先行词island指物，故使用关系代词which.2、_____isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。意为：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好了。3、Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,______isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。翻译为：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选B。4”Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,”.A.asthesayinggoesoldB.goesastheoldsayingC.astheoldsayinggoesD.goesasoldthesaying【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。考查as引导的定语从句，意为：正如古语所说。5【巩固】Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先行词为children，故答案为D。6、Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofarefamilymembers.AthemB.thatC.whichD.Whom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为40people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。7、MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,______madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.A.itB.thatC.whatD.Which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。此处which指代前面整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句。句意：莫言2012年被授予诺贝尔奖，使中国长期以来的梦想之一成为现实。【拔高】8完型填空Bearsoftenhidethemselvesinplaces________can'tbefoundbyhunters.A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.不填【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。定语从句不完整，故要用关系代词，此处that在定语从句中作主语。9、—IgotanemailfromSusan,____saidshewasgoingabroadforsightseeing.（2011·浙江温州十校联考）—Fantastic!That’swhatshehasbeendreamingof.A．whichB．sheC．whoD．