虚拟语气

1虚拟语气2总述：1.句子的语气陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气2.虚拟语气(1)表示虚假的、与事实相反的、难以实现的情况；(2)表示个人主观愿望、某种强制性的坚持要求建议命令等。3一.if条件句的虚拟语气条件句可分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，需用虚拟语气。1.Ifhedoesnothurryup,hewillmissthebus.2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.3.Ifthesunshouldriseinthewest,myloveforyouwouldchange.(非真实，虚拟语气)45Ifthecatwereasleep,thegirlcouldhavearest.6Ifthemaidhadn’tfedthecattoomuchmilk,itmightnothavegrownsofat.7Ifheshouldfly/weretofly/flewonacat,hewouldtraveltothemoon.8If从句(基本上时态后退一步)主句(共有四个情态动词smwc)现在过去将来did/werehaddonedidshoulddoweretodoshouldmightwouldcoulddohavedonedo★时态后退一步：do→____;willdo→________;did/havedone→________…(一)基本didwoulddohaddone91.与现在事实相反Ifhe__________(be)herenow,wecould__________(ask)himaboutit.2.与过去事实相反IfI__________(have)timeyesterday,Imight__________(go)withyou.3.与将来事实相反Ifthey_________________________(see)hertomorrow,theywould__________(be)veryhappy.wereaskhadhadhavegonesaw/shouldsee/weretoseebe10Hadthecatrunquickly,heshouldnothavebeencaught.12(二)省略if条件句的虚拟语气中，其从句含有助动词或系动词__________________，可省略if，将从句半倒装。即将从句中的__________________提到从句主语之前。Iftherewerenosubjectivemood,Englishwouldbemucheasier.Ifhehadbeenwarned,hewouldnothavetakenthatfood.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.had,should或werehad,should或wereWerethereHadheShouldit1314IfLisahadn’tfoundhermissingcatlastnight,shecouldn’tsmilehappilynow.15(三)错综错综虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致的虚拟语气。如，从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来。IfI_______________(ask)herforadviceyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodo.Ifyou_______________(be)inbetterhealth,wemightletyougowithustonight.Ifyou_______________(listen)tome,youwouldn’tbeinsuchtroublenow.hadaskedwerehadlistened1617Withoutthecatleadingthearmy,theycouldnothavesucceeded.18Butfortheknight,theprincessmighthavebeenkilledbytheevilcat.19Thecatdidn’tknowhisappearance,otherwise/orhewouldn’tlookathimselfinthemirrornow.20(四)含蓄含蓄条件句即虚拟的条件不用if从句，而是通过某些单词、词组或其他方式表达。Butforyourinstruction,I____________________(不能取得)suchprogress.Withoutwater,there_______________(将不会有)nolife.Ididn’tknowthathewasacheat,otherwiseI_____________________(不会相信)him.couldnothavemadewouldbewouldn’thavebelieved二.时态后退的虚拟语气2223Thecatwishesshehadabigdinnernow.…shehadhadabigdinneryesterday.…shecould/wouldhaveabigdinnertommorow.24Ifonlythecathadn’tbeenwoundedbythesoldier!25Theparrotwouldrather(that)thecatsharedsomefoodwithherlater.26Sheholdsthecatasifshewereholdingababyinherarms.wish,ifonly,wouldrather,asif(一)与现在事实相反do→did(二)与过去/完成事实相反did→haddone(三)与将来事实相反will/cando→would/coulddo★wouldrather(that)除外，为willdo→did28(1)Thevoicesoundsasifit__________(be)waterfrommountains.(2)—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey__________(benot)alwayslate.(3)Ifonlyhe__________(lie)quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldn'tsuffersomuchnow.(4)Itlooksasifhe__________(have)amealforaweek.wereweren’thadlainhadn’thad29(5)LookatthetroubleIamin!IwouldratherI_______________(follow)hisadvice.(6)HowIwisheveryfamily__________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!hadfollowedhad三.使用should的虚拟语气3132Thecatsuggested/insisted/required/demandedthattheman(should)stayawayfromhim.(一)坚要建命在______从句中，有表示______________等强制性概念的______________时，从句中的谓语用shoulddo，should可省略。1.坚持：insist…2.要求：demand,require,request…3.建议：advise/advice,suggest/suggestion,urge,recommend,propose/proposal…4.命令：order,command…名词性坚持要求建议命令名词动词或分词34(1)Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_________________(notswim)recently.(2)Wereceivedtheorderthatthemurderer______________________(notsentence)todeath.(3)Itisadvisedthatwe_________________(make)betteruseoftheschoollibrary.(4)Hisrequestisthatshe_______________(attend)themedicalconference.(5)Thisisthedemandthathe___________(come)upwithatthemeeting.(should)notswim(should)notbesentenced(should)make(should)attendcame35(6)Johninsistedthattheproblemworthyofattention__________________________(discuss)atthemeeting.(7)TominsistedMike__________________(apologize)tohisteacher,butMikeinsistedthathe______________(benot)wrongatall.(8)Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe______________(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedshe_____________(have)athoroughexamination.(should)bediscussed(should)apologizewasnot(should)havewas3637Itisnecessarythatthecat(should)haveabath.Itisstrangethatthecat(should)surf.(二)形式主语Itisadj./n./分词that…(should)do(1)Itisnecessarythatwe(should)keepthebalanceofnature.(2)Itwasarrangedthatthey(should)leavethefollowingweek.(3)Itisstrangehe(should)sayso.(4)Itisapitythathe(should)misssuchagoldenchance.★should常有______________意思。应该或竟然4041Itis(high/very)time(that)Kittyshouldlisten/listenedtosomemusic.42(三)是该…的时候Itis(high)timethatsb.did/shoulddo(1)Itistimethatthebusarrived/shouldarrivetopickupallthepassengers.(2)是时候结束这场愚蠢的争论了。Itis(high)timethatweput/shouldputanendtothesillyargument.