过去分词表状态集锦先请看下面两道高考题:1.(2005年全国春)__withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing2.(2005年湖南)_____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed【解析】正确答案为1.C2.A。但许多学生却误选了D和C,以为Arnold与face,he与dress是主动关系。其实,这里faced和dressed都已由过去分词转化为形容词,构成系表结构,此时这种动词已不再强调动作,而是表示状态。它们常呈现“be+过去分词+prep.(by除外)或不定式”形式。为便于学习掌握,笔者现将表示状态的过去分词分类介绍如下:1.用于“be+过去分词+to”结构中的过去分词常见的有:accustomed/used(习惯),addicted(沉溺于),astonished(惊讶),devoted(致力于),determined(决定),engaged(订婚),exposed(遭受),known(已知),married(结婚),opposed(反对),prepared(准备),related(相关)等。例如:①Thatyoungmanisaddictedtodrugs.那个年轻人吸毒成瘾。②Thematterrelatedtoyourfuturecan’tbetakenforgranted.和你前途相关的事情不能想当然。③Asisknowntoall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.众所周知,纸是中国人发明的。④Sheisstronglyopposedtotheirplan.她强烈反对他们的计划。⑤Ilefttheplace,determinednevertocomebackagain.2.用于“be+过去分词+with”结构中的过去分词常见的有:armed/equipped/furnished(配备),connected(相关),covered(覆盖),crowded(挤满),faced(面对),fedup(厌烦),filled(充满),pleased(高兴),satisfied(满意),tired(劳累)等。例如:①Theclassroomiscrowdedwithpeople.教室里挤满了人。②Filledforthemomentwithextraordinarystrength,thewoundedboyraisedhimselfcompletely.受伤的男孩一下子使出了非凡的力气,(使自己)完全站了起来。③Whenhewokeup,hefoundthegroundcoveredwithsnow.他醒来时发现地上尽是雪。4Thepeacefulmeetingendedwhenthefactorysentoutagroupofangrymenarmedwithstickstofightwiththecitizens.这次和平会谈因该厂放出一群挥舞棍棒穷凶极恶的打手而告终。3.用于“be+过去分词+in”结构中的过去分词常见的有:absorbed(全神贯注),engaged(从事),involved(参与),lost(陷入),seated(坐在),situated/located(位于)等。例如:①Absorbedinhisownwork,heneglectedfoodandsleep.由于全神贯注于自己的工作,他忘记了吃饭和睡觉。②TheguestsseatedinthefrontrowcomefromAfrica.坐在前排的客人来自非洲。③Heisinvolvedinworkingoutaplan.他专心一意地订计划。4.用于“be+过去分词+about”结构中的过去分词常见的有:concerned(担心;关心),worried(担心)等。①Thereisnoneedtobeworriedabouthim.没有必要为他担心。②Thedoctorsareconcernedabouthishealth.医生们都担心他的健康情况。5.用于“be+过去分词+of”结构中的过去分词常见的有:convinced(相信),informed(了解),tired(厌烦)等。例如:①we’llkeepyouinformedofthelatestdevelopment.我们随时让你了解最新的发展情况。②Shewastiredoftalkingtothesepeople.和这些人谈话,她感到厌烦。金题精练1._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing2.Mr.Smith,____ofthe___speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring3.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents______.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry4.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases_____onlytopeoplewithspecialknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known5.Doyouknowtheman_____inthecorneroftheroomwithanotebookinhishand?A.seatB.seatedC.seatingD.toseathimself6.Lastnight,IsawTominbed,_____indeepthought.A.loseB.losingC.lostD.tolose7.Mydaughter,_____aniceyoungdoctortwoyearsago,willgetmarriednextmonth.A.gotengagedtoB.gotengagedinC.engagedtoD.engagedin8._____withherson’sprogressinhisstudies,MrsBrownpromisedhimanewCDthenextday.A.SatisfyingB.TosatisfyC.SatisfiedD.Shewassatisfied9.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing10.Thegirl___inredismyseconddaughter.A.dressingB.dressedherselfC.dressedD.isdressing(Keys:1.B2.A3.A4.D5.B6.C7.C8.C9.C10.C)■