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四川师范大学成都学院电子工程系课程设计报告摘要：随着出租车行业的发展，对出租车计费器的要求也越来越高。二十世纪后半期，随着集成电路和计算机技术的飞速发展，单片机技术也得到了飞速发展，基于单片机的出租车计费器不仅可以解决电子系统小型化、低功耗、高可靠性等问题，而且其开发周期短、开发软件投入少、芯片价格不断降低，特别是对小批量、多品种的产品需求，单片机具有体积小、功能强可靠性高、价格低廉等一系列优点，不仅已成为工业测控领域普遍采用的智能化控制工具，而且已渗入到人们工作和和生活的各个角落，有力地推动了各行业的技术改造和产品的更新换代，应用前景广阔。（使用单片机的外围电路比较简单），在时间计数和速度的计算上便于扩展功能很，系统能够实现升级。很多数值可以预先写到芯片中。本设计假设速度恒定为60Km/h，即1Km/min。本设计主要了解应用单片机的定时器/计数器，以及中断。这是一个比较小的系统，故采用汇编语言来编辑。汇编语言是一种编译型程序设计语言，它具有编译速度快，占用系统空间小，具有一定的助记可读性等特点。本系统假设速度恒定60Km/h(1Km/min),单价一定1.3元/Km,起步价5.0元，超过三公里开始计费，每公里加1.3元。关键词：出租车计费器、AT89C51、定时器/计数器Abstract：Asthetaxiindustry,taximetersontherequestalsogettinghigherandhigher.Thelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,alongwithintegratedcircuitsandtherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnology,SCMtechnologyhasbeendevelopingrapidly,basedonSCMtaximeterscannotonlysolvetheelectronicsystemofsmall,low-power,high-Reliabilityandotherissues,anditsshortdevelopmentcycle,asmallersoftwaredevelopment,chippricesarelower,especiallyforsmallquantities,andmorevarietiesofproductdemand,MCUissmallinsize,highreliabilityandstrongfeatures,suchasalowpriceSeriesofadvantages,notonlyhasbecomewidelyadoptedinthefieldofindustrialmeasurementandcontrolofintelligentcontrol,butalsotohaveinfiltratedintopeople'sworkandlifeandeverycornerofapowerfulimpetustothetechnologicaltransformationofvariousindustriesandtheupgradingofproducts,theapplicationofabroadprospect.(SCMuseoftherelativelysimpleexternalcircuit),intimecountandthespeedofcalculationisveryeasyexpansionoffunctions,thesystemcanberealizedupgrade.Numericalwrotealotofchipsinadvance.Thecurriculumdesignassumptionsfortheconstantspeedof60Km/h,thatis,1Km/min.Learnthislesson,amajorapplicationMCUtimer/counter,anddisruption.Thisisa四川师范大学成都学院电子工程系课程设计报告relativelysmallsystem,theuseofassemblylanguagetoedit.Compilationoflanguageisacompiler-basedprogramminglanguage,ithascompiledfast,occupyspaceonthesystem,havesomehelpinmindthecharacteristicsofreadability.Thesystemassumedaconstantspeedof60Km/h(1Km/min),pricedsome1.3yuan/Km,withfaresstarting5.0yuan,accountingbeganmorethanthreekilometers,and1.3yuanperkm.Keywords:axi-billing、AT89C51、imer/counter目录1前言........................................................................................................................................................................11.1我国出租车的发展.........................................................................................................................................11.2现阶段出租车计价器的要求.........................................................................................................................22单片机89C51的简介............................................................................................................................................42.1主芯片89C51的硬件资源.............................................................................................................................42.1.1单片机的概念........................................................................................................................................42.1.289C51的芯片引脚图.............................................................................................................................42.1.3使用I/O口的注意事项........................................................................................................................62.289C51中断系统..............................................................................................................................................62.2.1中断源......................................................................................................................................................62.2.2中断的控制..............................................................................................................................................72.2.3中断响应..................................................................................................................................................72.3单片机定时器/计数器的使用.......................................................................................................................82.3.1与T/C有关的特殊功能寄存器..............................................................................................................92.3.2定时器/计数器的初始化.........................................................................................................................93计价器系统设计..................................................................................................................................................113.1硬件设计.......................................................................................................................................................113.1.1整体硬件电路图..................................................................................................................................113.1.274LS273和74LS02简介.....................................................................................................................123.2软件设计........................................................................................