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四级段落翻译练习四【原文】中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。【参考译文1】TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.ItbelievesthatenvironmentalprotectionhasabearingontheoverallsituationofChina?smodernizationdriveanditslong-termdevelopmentandthatitisanundertakingwhichwillnotonlybenefittheChinesepeopleoftodaybutalsobringbenefittotheirchildrenandgrandchildren.TheChinesegovernmenthasestablishedenvironmentalprotectionasabasicnationalpolicy.Whilepromotingeconomicgrowth,ithasadoptedaseriesofmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.Especiallyinrecentyears,adheringtotheprincipleofpreventionfirst,comprehensivecontrol,entirepush-onandkey-pointbreakthrough,Chinesegovernmenthasmadegreateffortstosolvethoseoutstandingenvironmentalproblemsthatthreatenpeople?shealth.Ithaspersistedininstitutionalinnovation,reliedontechnologicaladvances,strengthenedtheroleoflawinenvironmentalprotectionandbroughtintofullplaytheinitiativeofvarioussectorsofthesociety.Thankstotheseefforts,thetrendtowardaggravatedenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldestructionhassloweddown,pollutioncontrolinsomeriverbasinshasachievedsomeinitialsuccess,theenvironmentalqualityofsomecitiesandregionshasimprovedtosomeextent,andthepeople?sawarenessoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionhasincreasedfurther.【参考译文2】TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.ItbelievesthatenvironmentalprotectionwillhaveadirectimpactontheoverallsituationofChina'smodernizationdriveanditslong-termdevelopment,andconsidersenvironmentalprotectionanundertakingthatwillnotonlybenefittheChinesepeopleoftodaybutalsotheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Yearsago,theChinesegovernmentestablishedenvironmentalprotectionasabasicnationalpolicyandsustainabledevelopmentasanimportantstrategy,andhasadheredtotheroadofanewtypeofindustrialization.Whilepromotingeconomicgrowth,ithasadoptedawholearrayofmeasurestostrengthenenvironmentalprotection.Especiallyinrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasadheredtofocusingonpreventivemeasures,comprehensivecontrolandoverallprogresswithbreakthroughsatsomekeypoints,andworkedhardtosolveconspicuousenvironmentalproblemsthreateningpeople'shealth.Atthesametime,ithascontinueditseffortsforinstitutionalinnovation,reliedonscientificandtechnologicaladvances,strengthenedthelegalsystemofenvironmentalprotection,andbroughtintofullplaytheinitiativeofpeopleofallwalksoflife.Thankstotheseefforts,althoughtheamountofresourceconsumptionandpollutantsisincreasinggreatly,thetrendtowardaggravatedenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldestructionisslowingdown;especially,environmentalpollutioncontrolinsomerivervalleyshasseensomepositiveresults,theenvironmentalqualityofsomecitiesandregionshasimproved,andthepeople'sawarenessoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionhasenhanced.【评析】1.“高度重视”除可译为attachgreatimportanceto，外，亦可译为set（或put/lay）great/highstoreby/on?、lay（或put/place）stresson/upon?、giveprominenceto?和thinkhighlyof?。2.haveabearingon?需牢记，该短语的含义是tohaveaneffectorinfluenceonsth.。3.“基本国策”的译法basicnational/statepolicy需牢记。4.“突出（的）”也可以译为salient。5.“社会各方面”两种译文处理方法不同，均可参考。peopleofallwalksoflife系固定搭配。6.bringsth.intofullplay系固定搭配，用来翻译“发挥……的积极性”很妥帖。7.“经过努力”切不可字对字死译，否则必是中式英语。译为Thankstotheseefforts,才是准确的译文。8.“进一步增强”译为??hasincreasedfurther不如译为?hasenhanced简洁、地道。【原文】中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。【参考译文】ThetraditionalChineseculture,bothextensiveandprofound,startsfarbackandrunsalong,longcourse.Morethan2,000yearsagothereemergedinChinaConfucianismrepresentedbyConfuciusandMencius,Taoism,representedbyLaoZiandZhuangZi,andmanyothertheoriesanddoctrinesthatfiguredprominentlyinthehistoryofChinesethought,allbeingcoveredbythefamousterm,themasters'hundredschools.FromConfuciustoDr.SunYat-sen,thetraditionalChineseculturepresentsmanypreciousideasandqualities,whichareessentiallypopulistanddemocratic.Forexample,theylaystressontheimportanceofkindnessandloveinhumanrelations,ontheinterestofthecommunity,andontheideathattheworldisforall,especiallyonpatriotismasembodiedinthesaying,everybodyisresponsiblefortheriseorfallofthecountry;andlongsufferingandhardworkingdiligenceandfrugalityinhouseholdmanagement,andrespectingteachersandvaluingeducation.Allthesehaveplayedagreatroleinbindingandregulatingthefamily,thecountryandthesociety.【评析】1.“中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。”系典型的主谓结构，再仔细分析，可以做如下转化：“中华民族博大精深的传统文化源远流长。”据此将bothextensiveandprofound作为后置定语译出。整句层次分明，一气呵成。此例具有代表性。2.“早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。”这是汉语中典型的“无主句”，翻译时可选用英语中的there＋emerge句型译出。3.“孔子”和“孟子”及后文的“孙中山”皆有定译，绝不可用汉语拼音翻译。4.“这就是有名的诸子百家。”虽然在原文中系一句话，但在英译文中却可以作为前一句的附加成分，所以处理为allbeingcoveredbythefamousterm,themasters'hundredschools.。5.“许多人民性和民主性的好东西”是在描述“许多珍品”的性质，二者决不是并列关系，“人民性”和“民主性”