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1BookOneUnitFourNewWordsandExpressionsinTextA:1.driveway:n.住宅旁私家车道2.mow:I)v.[mau]cutdown(grassorgrain)withascytheoramechanicaldevice用长柄镰或机械装置割倒（草或谷物），割---mowthegrass割草---mowthelawn修剪草坪II)n.干草堆,谷堆3.comprehend:vt.understandfully4.lawn:n.(c)草地，草坪5.turnaway:1)(+sb.)refusetohelp(sb.)ortoallow(sb.)toenteraplace拒绝帮助；不让…进入---He’smysonafterall,Ican’tjustturnhimawaywhenheisintrouble.---Thelecturehallwasalreadyfullandmanyofthestudentswereturnedaway.2)(不及)turninadifferentdirectionsoasnottofacesb./sth.(使)转脸而不免对某人或某物，不理睬，拒绝看---Sheturnedawayindisgust.她感到厌恶而把脸转开---Youshouldn’tturnawayfromallyouroldfriends.6.weed:I)v.除去…的杂草；除草---weedthegarden给花园除杂草II)n.(u,以复数形式出现)杂草，野草---Aweedygardenisonefullofweeds.7.assume:vt.1)suppose;takeastruebeforethereisproof;takeforgranted(在未证实前)假设；以为---Iassumeyoualwaysgetupatthesametime.我想你总是在同一个时间起床。---Heisnotsuchafoolasyouassumed(=supposed)himtobe.2)takeup;undertake担任…的职务；承担---assumenewduties担任新的职务---assumeoffice就职---assumethepresidency担任首相职务---assumeresponsibility承担责任---assumethedebts承担债务3)takeuponsth.notgenuineorsincere假装,冒充---assumealookofinnocence装作无辜的样子---assumeanewname用新名字，用化名8.compliment▲:I)vt.(+sb.(onsth.))praise赞扬;称赞---Icomplimentedhimonhisskill.---DavidcomplimentedMaryonhernewjob.大卫祝贺玛丽找到新工作。-praisesb.forsth.II)n.(c)1)anexpressionofpraise,admiration,orcongratulation赞美的言词或行为;恭维；称赞---Theypaidhimahighcompliment.他们非常恭维他。2---fishforcompliments故意要别人说赞扬话2)(pl)(formal)greetings问候；道贺；致意---Extendmycomplimentstoyourparents.代我向你父母问好---give/present/pay/sendone’scomplimentsto请向...致意/问候9.workout:1)(及)plan制定出,拟出,想出---Iwillworkoutourschedule.---workoutaplan/anewconstitution/asolution---We’llleaveittothecommitteetoworkoutdetailsoftheplan.---Maryworkedoutabeautifuldesignforasweater.2)(及)understand;figureout理解，弄清，看出---FinallyIworkedoutthattheparcelhadbeensenttoParisbymistake.---Noonecanworkouthowthefirestarted.---Ican’tworkoutthemeaningofthispoem.3)(不及)solve;be,turnoutintheend解决,结果为，进行情况良好---Thingswillworkoutifyouwilljustbepatient.---Ifthetrafficplanworksout,itwillbeusedinothercitiestoo.4)calculate算出,估计出，解（题）---workouttheproblem---Mymotherallowedmetotakethetrip,butaskedmetoworkoutthetotalcostfirst.10.weekly:I)a.happeningonceaweekoreveryweek每周的;一周一次的---Hisstorywaspublishedinaweeklynewspaper21stCenturyEnglish.---weeklywage周工资II)adv.一星期一次,每周地III)n.周刊,周报---Publishers'Weekly[美]出版商周刊11.cleanup:(及)1)makecleanandtidy打扫，清除---I’llgoshoppingwithyouassoonasI’vecleanedupthekitchen.---Ihatecleaningupafteraparty.2)getridofcriminalandimmoralelements,etc.清除罪犯和不道德分子等，整顿---Themajorhasdecidedtocleanupthecity.(e.g.endcorruption,etc.)市长已决定要整顿市政（如清除贪污等）12.helpful:a.givinghelp;usefulmakingasituationbetteroreasier;alwayswillingtohelppeople有帮助的；有用的---Sometimesitishelpfultomakealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.---Anyinformationwouldbehelpfulindeterminingwhathappenedtoher.---Sheissuchapleasantandhelpfulchild.13.dowith:1)(usedinquestionswithwhat)dealwith(怎样)对待处理,办(译法较活)---Whatdoyoudowithsuchrudeboys?---Whatarewegoingtodowiththehugerocklyinginthemiddleoftheroad?---IcannotrememberwhatIdidwithmypurse/hisletter.2)（前面与could,can连用）需要，想要---Icoulddowithacupoftea/awash.3)（前面与could,can连用）有…就行了，凑合用---You’llhavetodowithwhatyou’vegot;thereisn’tanymore.34)(和can’t连用)受不了，不能，不便---Ican’tdowithherillness/histemper/loudmusic.---Ican’tdowithvisitorsthisweek,aswe’vegotdecoratorsinthehouse.5)(和haveto连用)有关系，有联系---Hehastodowithallsortsofpeople.---Herjobhastodowithtelephones.---havesth.todowith和…有关系---havenothingtodowith和…没有关系14.determination:n.(u)(+infinitivetodo)theabilitytocontinuetryingtoachievewhatyouhavedecidedtodoevenwhenthisisdifficult决心;决定;坚决,执著---Heshowedgreatdeterminationbycontinuingtoplayafterhurtinghisfoot.---Herdeterminationtodowellmadeherkeeponstudying.determine:vt.,vi.1)(+todosth.;+on/uponsth.)decidefirmly,resolve,makeupone’smind下决心，决定---Hehasdeterminedtoprove/onprovinghisfriend’sinnocence.---Wedeterminedtostartearly/determinedonanearlystart.bedeterminedtododetermined:坚决的,毅然的,决意的---adeterminedwoman---inadeterminedmanner决然---adeterminedlook坚决的表情2)decide;fixprecisely确定---determinethemeaningofaword---determineadateforameeting15.personnel:n.1)(u)(usedwithasingularorpluralverb)thedepartmentinalargecompanyororganizationthatdealswithemployees,keepstheirrecords,andhelpswithanyproblemtheymighthave;humanresources人事部门---Personnelhas/havereceivedyourapplicationform.---HerfirstjobaftergraduationwasinPersonnelatMicrosoft.2)(usedwithapluralverb)allthepersonsworkinginanorganization,inthearmy,etc.全体人员，全体职员---Allpersonnelinthiscompanyareentitledtomedicalinsurance.---Amodernarmyneedshighlyskilledpersonnel.16.apprentice:n.学徒17.capacity:n.1)(u,可接a)(+for;+infinitivetodo)theabilitytounderstandordosth.能力，才能,理解力，学习力---Noteveryonehasacapacityforlanguages.---Thosemathproblemswerebeyondmycapacity.---Idon’tthinkit’swithinafive-year-oldboy’scapacitytospreadcomputerviruses.---Hehasamindofgreatcapacity.(amindwellabletograspideas他的理解力极强2)(u,可接a)abilitytohold,contain,getholdof容纳力，能量，容量---Thehallhasaseatingcapacityof500.(hasseatsfor500people)---Thetheatrewasfilledtocapacity.(wasqui