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状语从句主要考点1．时间状语从句:When,while,asafterbeforesincetill（until）not……untildirectlyimmediatelyinstantlythemomenttheinstanttheminuteassoonasnosooner…thanhardly…whenDirectlyIheardthenews(我刚一听到消息),Irantothespot.Sinceshemarriedme,wehavebeenhappy.(我们一直很幸福)Becarefulwhen/whileyouarecrossingthestreet.（过马路时）Wedidnotknowglobalwarming(我们才知道全球变暖)untilwewatchedDiscovery.06年12月考题：Somepsychologistsclaimthatpeoplemightfeellonelywhentheyareawayfromhome.(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)2.地点状语从句:wherewhereverHeliveswheretheclimateismild.（气候宜人的地方）3.原因状语从句:becausesinceasnow(that)seeing(that)inthatconsidering(that)Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.（因为没赶上车）Since/Asyouwon’thelpme,（既然你帮不上忙）I’llasksomeoneelse.Considering(that)hewasnewatthejob,（他是新手）hediditquitewell.4.结果状语从句:sothatso…thatsuch…thatsoHeworkedsohardthathesometimesforgetshismeal.（忘了吃饭）Hegotupearlythismorningsothathecaughtthefirstbus.(结果赶上了第一班车)5.目的状语从句:inorderthatsothatforfear(that)incaselest（以免）Iamsavingmoneyinorderthat/sothatIcanbuyahouse.（为了买房子）Hedoesn’tdaretoleavethehouseincaseheshouldberecognized(以免被人认出)6.条件状语从句:ifunlessas/solongasprovidedthatonconditionthatsupposethatsupposingthatincase（万一）Suppose/Supposing(that)allthedoorsarelocked（万一门都锁了）,howwillyougetintothehouse?IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.（请提醒我）07年6月考题：Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorningifitisconvenienttoyou.(如果你方便的话)7.让步状语从句althoughthoughevenifeventhoughwhilewhateverwhoeverwhereverwheneverhowevernomatterwho/what/where/when/howAlthough/ThoughhewasSpanish,hespentmostofhislifeinGermany.(他大部分时间都在德国)Whatever/Nomatterwhathappens（无论发生什么事）,youmustbeclamandquiet.Whichever/Nomatterwhichplanyouadopt,youwillencounterdifficulties.（都会遇到困难）Nomatterhowloudlyyoushout（不管你喊的多大声）,youwon’tbeheard.07年12月考题：Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,nomatterwhatsacrificeIamgoingtomake.(无论我要做出什么样的牺牲)08年6月考题：Leavingone’sjob,nomatterwhatjobis（不管是什么工作）,isadifficultchange,evenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.8.方式状语从句:见虚拟语气asifasthough9.比较状语从句:as…asthanthemore…themore…Themoreyouuseyourbrain,themoreintelligentyouwillbecome.(越聪明)06年6月考题：Themoreyouexplain,themoreconfusedIam.(我愈糊涂)定语从句主要考点：限定性定语从句连接词：who,whom,which,that,when,where,why,非限定性定语从句连接词：who,whom,which,when,where,as▲限制性定语从句：1.Where:先行词除了是表示地点的名词以外，还可以表达事物的某个方面，阶段，情况，如field,stage,situation,scene，在从句中做状语Ifashophaschairswherewomancanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly(英语的初学者不会正确地使用这门语言)07年6月考题：ThepreventionandtreatmentofAIDSisthefieldwherewecancooperate.(我们可以合作的领域)2.Why:先行词指原因ThisisthereasonwhyIfailedtheexam.▲非限制性定语从句1.who,whomIsitbetweenMrs.Bradlyandashygirl,whoseemedevenyoungerthantheother.(这个女孩看上去比其他人都年轻)Ihavefourchildren,twoofwhomhavedecentjobs(其中两个人工作都很体面)2.Which:先行词可以是物，在从句中做主语或者宾语Ihavemanybooks,someofwhichareEnglishbooks（其中有一些是英语书）.引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以指代前面的整个句子Hecamehere,whichmademehappy(这使我很高兴).3.as“正如，好像”引导定语从句时，先行词指代前面出现的一句话，它在从句中做主语，宾语，表语，但通常置于句首Asisreportedinthenewspaper(正如新闻中报告的一样),talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.名词性从句主要考点：▲名词性从句主要连接词：that,whether,if,特殊疑问词，what,whatever,whoever,whichever主语从句：Thatweareinvitedtoaconcertisgoodnewstous.→Itisgoodnewstousthatweareinvitedtoaconcert宾语从句：Idon’tknowwhetherweareinvitedtoaconcert.表语从句：Thequestioniswhyweareinvitedtoaconcert.同位语从句：Thereisgoodnewsthatweareinvitedtoaconcert.07年12月考题：ManyAmericansliveontheircredit,andtheirqualityoflifeismeasuredbyhowmuchtheycanborrow(是用他们能够借到多少钱来衡量的)，nothowmuchtheycanearn.▲重点辨析名词性从句和状语从句的区别：What=whatever=anythingthatwhoever=anyonewhowhichever=anythingthat引导名词性从句What=whatever=nomatterwhatWhoever=nomatterwho引导状语从句Whichever=nomatterwhichWhattheyneed(他们所需要的)isagoodnextbook.Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelp（任何需要帮助的人）awarmsupports.Youcanwriteaboutwhichevertopicyouprefer(无论你喜欢哪个题目).Nomatterwhocomes(无论谁来),hewillbewelcome.07年12月考题：I’mgoingtopursuethiscourse,nomatterwhatsacrificeIamgoingtomake(无论我做出什么样的牺牲)非谓语动词主要考点一般来说，一个句子只有一个最主要的动词作谓语，而其他动词称为不能做谓语的动词，即非谓语非谓语包括：不定式todo分词：有形容词或副词的作用，其中包括现在分词和过去分词动名词Ving，有名词作用注：动名词虽然和现在分词的形式一样，但含义不同▲不定式1.不定式作主语Toseeistobelieve.实际上，当不定式作主语时，常用it作形主，将不定式（真主）放到结尾常见句型有：▲itis+adi/adv+forsbtodosth做……对于某人来说是……itisadj/adv+ofsbtodosthitis+N+for+sbtodosthegItisveryimportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish（掌握英语）.Itisverykindofyoutodoso.Itisamistakeforustoknowyou.当Adj修饰的是“做某事”的时候，用for，此类形容词有：possible,impossible,important,vital,significant,necessary,essential,convenient,difficult,hard,easy,uselesscruel,stupid,foolish当Adj修饰的是”人”的时候，用of,此类形容词有：nice,kind,wise,good,polite,right,clever,badwrongcruel,stupid,foolish,impolite,polite2.不定式做定语通常做后置定语，即放在被修饰名词或代词后,表示想要做什么事，即表示将来ThetraintoarriveiscomingfromNewYork.Ihavenothingtosay.Ineedachairtositon.Heisthebestmantodothisjob.Thisisadifficulttasktocomplete.3.不定式做状语，表示目的或者结果06年6月考题：Toearnmoneyformyschooling/tofinancemyschooling(为了挣钱供我上学)，mumoftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.4.不定式做宾语（固定搭配）①可以接不定式做宾语的动词通常表示意愿，企图want,like,hope,wish,desire,intend,expect,plan,decide,try,manageegIplantogoaboard.②S+V+it+Adj/N+todo此类动词一般表示主观判断：find,think,believe,consider,make,takeegIthinkiteasytostudyEnglish.Ibelieveitnece