太阳能电池基本特性研究实验数据

五：数据记录与处理1表一负载电压和电流记录表由上图可知：当R小于某一值时，负载电流几乎不变，此时，可视为恒流源；当R大于某一值时，负载电流近乎按指数形式减小。从图中可知：mAISC58.3VUSC61.1当R增加时，P先增加，后减小，UIP由图可看出，当R=449.72时，Pm=5.728mW故填充因子：Ff=OCSCUIPmax=61.158.3728.5=0.994且Ff值越大，太阳能电池对光的利用率越高，光转化率越高.电压U/v00.190.400.600.781.001.201.411.61电流I/mA4.384.374.344.314.244.224.093.893.58电阻R/Ω043.4892.17139.21183.96236.97293.40362.47449.72功率P/mw00.8300.1742.5863.3074.224.9085.4855.7281.791.992.192.252.262.272.292.302.352.402.453.142.571.711.411.331.281.181.130.860.570.24570.06774.321280.701595.741699.251773.441940.682035.402732.564210.5310208.35.6215.1143.7453.1733.0063.1332.7022.5992.0211.3680.5882，表二太阳能电池正向偏压与电流数据表由图可知，短路电流随开路电压的增大而增大，曲线近似于指数曲线。在做实验过程中可能由于实验误差导致。没有接近于理想二极管。求Io和B：在图中取两点A（0.62,0.0375）B（1.29,0.1885）带入公式)1(eIIoj可得方程组0.0375=Io（e0.62—1）0.1885=Io（e0.1.29—1）解方程组可得：Io=7.5=0.02所以经验公式为：)1(5.702.0eIj3:表三不同光强下太阳能电池开路电压及短路电流U1/vU2/vI/mAU/v00000.200.060.019490.140.400.140.035470.260.600.220.058470.380.800.320.107200.481.000.420.175420.581.200.530.215630.671.400.650.263140.751.600.780.350850.821.800.910.437180.892.001.050.493060.952.201.200.584751.002.401.350.721191.052.601.500.807761.102.801.660.857631.143.001.820.994071.183.201.991.140251.213.402.151.22451.253.602.321.296191.283.802.491.452121.314.002.661.617801.34有曲线可知，在不通光照下，随光照的增强，开路电压和短路电流也随之增强。短路电流呈线性变化，开路电压开始增加较快，后趋于水平。求OCSCUI和：在图中取两点A（1.90,1）B（2.22,2）带入)1ln(1OSCOCIIU可得方程组：)00.11ln(190.1OI)00.21(ln122.2OI解方程组可得I=3.92mAβ=0.233所以，)0392.001ln29.4SCOCOCSCIUUI（：之间的近似函数关系为和4:Isc/mA4.343.882.831.830.980.67Uoc/v2.452.422.332.171.871.67表四不同角度光照下电池开路电压及短路电流角度5101520253035404550Isc/mA4.644.624.584.464.334.143.883.593.202.70Uoc/v2.442.432.432.432.422.412.402.372.352.31P/mW11.32211.22711.12910.83810.4799.9779.3128.5087.524.62在一定光照下随角度的逐渐增大,太阳能电池的输出功率逐渐减小。5:表五太阳能电池串并联特性1号多晶2号多晶3号单晶4号单晶多晶串联多晶并联单晶串联单晶并联Isc/mA4.574.655.085.114.588.605.109.89Uoc/v2.392.412.392.394.752.414.743.39因为电阻不是无限大，开路电压实际是有电流通过的；因为总电阻不为零，短路电流也不是理论中的无限大。