基于CAN总线的智能照明系统的设计和实现

吉林大学毕业设计（论文）-1-摘要智能照明控制系统是自动化技术在照明控制领域的应用和推广，它不仅是实现照明艺术性和舒适性的有效手段，而且迎合绿色照明的发展方向，是节约能源、缓解未来能源危机的有效措施，其发展前景非常广阔。现场总线是连接现场设备和自动化系统的通信网络，具有全数字信号传输、控制功能分散、开放等特点。CAN总线是现场总线之一，它具有可靠性高、价格低廉等优势，得到了广泛的应用。本文设计了基于CAN总线的智能照明控制系统。该系统是一种分布式的控制系统，既能分散控制又能集中管理，在中央控制室，管理人员可以通过合理的设置创造舒适的环境，同时又达到节约能源的效果。智能控制器通过照度传感器测得周围环境的照度，与设定值比较从而调节光源的输出使光照度达到最合适的水平；控制器通过红外传感器探测是否有人，自动将无人区域的灯关闭。本课题主要完成了以AT89C52为核心的CAN节点的硬件设计，包括数据采集模块的电路设计，执行器模块的电路设计以及网络通信部分电路设计。在软件设计中利用模块化编程思想首先讨论了控制器实现控制功能的程序设计及控制器与物理总线通信功能的程序设计,并给出设计流程图，最后对通信的实现部分包括对信息的发送和接收做了详细的说明。实验测试结果表明，本文提出的基于CAN总线的智能照明控制系统的方案是可行的，且系统的各个部分电路运行稳定可靠，满足设计功能和要求。关键词：CAN总线；智能照明；调光吉林大学毕业设计（论文）-2-AbstractTheintelligentilluminationcontrolsystemistheapplicationandpopularityofautomationtechnology.Itisnotonlytheeffectiverealizationmethodsofaestheticalandcomfortablelightbutalsoaccordancewiththe“GreenIllumination”anditsdirectionofdevelopmentthatisanapprovalofsavingenergyandalleviatingenergycrisis,sothatithasapromisingbrilliantprospect.Field-bus,acommunicationnetworkforconnectingequipmentsinfieldandautomationsystem,haslotsofprominentfeaturessuchastotallydigitaltransmission,distributedcontrolfunction,openingsystemCAN-bus,whichisoneofField-buses,hasadvantagesinhighrealabilityandlowcostsoastoithasbeenusedlargelyinmanyfields.ThispaperintroducedanintelligentlightingsystembasedonCANbus.Theintelligentlightingsystemisadistributedcontrolsystem,whichcanrealizedecentralizedcontrolandcentralizedmanagement.Inthemaincontrolroom,administrativestaffcancreateacomfortableenvironmentviaproperconfiguration,meanwhile,energysavingcanbeachieved,too.Theintelligentcontrollerdetectsenvironmentilluminationlevelthroughopticelectrictransducer.Thenitcomparesthevaluewithsetpoint.Finally,itadjustsoutputoflighttoexpectedlevel.Viainfraredsensor,thecontrollerwillturnofflightofvoidareaautomatically.ThispapermainlyintroducedhardwaredesignofCANnodebasedonAT89C52,includingcircuitdesignofdataacquisitionmodule(DAM),actuatormodule,andnetworkcommunication.Blockprogrammingmethodswereappliedtosoftwaredesignoflightingcontrolsystem,includingmainproceduredesignandcommunicationproceduredesignofthecontroller,andcommunicationprotocolforapplicationlayerofCANbuswasmade,too.TheexperimentshowsthattheintelligentlightingcontrolsystembasedonCANbusproposedinthispaperisfeasible,andeachcircuitofthesystemcanbeoperatedstableandreliable,whichmeetsthedesignedfunctionandrequirementsaswell.KeyWords：CANbus,Intelligentlighting,Light-adjusting吉林大学毕业设计（论文）-1-目录摘要..................................................................................................................................1Abstract.....................................................................................................................................2引言..................................................................................................................................31绪论.......................................................................................................................................41.1课题背景....................................................................................................................41.1.1研究目的..........................................................................................................41.1.2研究意义..........................................................................................................41.1.3主要研究内容.................................................................................................51.2基于CAN总线的智能照明系统的设计及其国内外相关技术的发展现状.....62基于CAN总线的智能照明系统的设计方案.................................................................72.1CAN总线的特点......................................................................................................72.2CAN总线在智能照明系统中的应用优势.............................................................72.3智能照明系统的功能需求.......................................................................................82.4网络拓扑结构及通讯方式.......................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4.1网络拓扑结构.................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4.2通讯方式..........................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.5CAN总线照明系统的体系结构.............................................错误!未定义书签。2.6智能照明系统的硬件设计方案...............................................错误!未定义书签。2.6.1方案设定原则.................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.6.2硬件设计方案确定.........................................................错误!未定义书签。3基于CAN总线的智能照明系统硬件设计......................................错误!未定义书签。3.1控制单元硬件总体框架...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2数据采集模块电路设计...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2.1照度检测模块电路.........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2.2红外探测模块电路设计.................................................错误!未定义书签。吉林大学毕业设计（论文）-2-3.3执行器电路设计........................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3.1开关电路设计.............................................................