基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计

摘要I毕业设计说明书GRADUATEDESIGN(THESIS)设计（论文）题目：基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计学生姓名：专业班级：学院：指导教师：摘要II摘要随着社会经济的发展，城市交通问题越来越引起人们的关注。人、车、路三者关系的协调，已成为交通管理部门需要解决的重要问题之一。城市交通控制系统是用于城市交通数据监测、交通信号灯控制与交通疏导的计算机综合管理系统，它是现代城市交通监控指挥系统中最重要的组成部分。由于PLC具有很强的环境适应性，同时其内部定时器资源非常丰富，可对交通灯进行精确控制。因此根据设计的要求，从经济性等多方面考虑，本设计采用FX系列的PLC，其型号为FX2N-128MR-001。在本设计中，总共包括四大模块，即PLC交通灯控制系统能够实现的正常循环运行、急车强通控制、7段译码数字显示时间和时间重置控制。正常循环运行和急车强通控制这两种控制目的是在正常情况时，在交叉路口可实现无人化管理。当发生交通拥挤时，又可以实现手动控制，以便利于拥挤疏散。7段译码数字显示时间的设计能够使行人知悉通行状况，提前做好准备。时间重置功能是为了使此系统适用于各种不同的路口，使它具有通用性，能够重新设定各个方向通车时间。此外本系统还具有报警功能，当南北绿灯和东西绿灯同时亮时，报警系统启动，系统自动停止运行。关键词：PLC控制交通灯定时器译码AbstractIIIAbstractWiththedevelopmentofthesocietyandeconomic,urbantransportproblemsbegantoarousemoreandmoreconcern.ThecoordinationofrelationsbetweenPeople,vehicles,andtheroadhasbecomeoneoftheimportantissuestoberesolvedintrafficmanagementdepartments.Urbantrafficcontrolsystemisakindofcomputermanagementsystem.Itisusedformonitoringtheurbantrafficdata,controllingthetrafficsignalsandeaseingthetrafficsintheintegratedmanagementsystem.ItisthemostimportantcomponentinmodernurbanIthasmanyadvantages,suchassimplestructure,easyprogramming,andhighreliability.Therefore,PLChasbeenwidelyusedinindustrialprocessesandautomaticcontroloftheposition.Becauseithasaverystrongadaptabilitytoenvironment,simultaneouslyanditsinternaltimerresourcesarerich,PLCcancarryontheprecisecontrolofthetrafficlights.Accordingtothedesignrequirements,fromtheconsiderationofeconomicandothervariousaspects,thedesignusesPLCoftheFXseries，itsmodelFX2N-128MR-001.Inthisdesign,includingatotaloffourmodules,namelyPLCtrafficlightcontrolsystemtoachievethenormalcycleofoperation,theradical-car-control,7ofthedecodingfiguresshowthattimeandtimetoresetcontrol.Thenormalcycleofoperationandurgencytostrong-control。Thenormalcycleofoperationandurgencytostrong-control,thesetwocontrolpurposesinnormalcircumstances,controls“normalcycleofoperation”andradical-car-control.Theaimistorealizethenon-humanizationmanagementunderthenormalcircumstancesandmayalsorealizethehandcontroltofacilitatethecrowdedevacuationincaseoftrafficcongestion.7decodingfiguresshowthatthedesigntimesothatpedestrianscanbeawareofprevailingconditions,toprepareinadvance.Meanwhile,inordertomakethesystemhavetheversatilitytosuitableforthevariouskindsofstreetintersection,thesystemalsohasthefunctionofresettingtimetoresettheopeningtimeofeachdirection.Thisdesignalreadytacitlyestablishedtheopeningtimeofeachdirection.Thisprocedurealsohasalarmfunction,whenthenorth-southandeast-westgreenlight-greenlightatthesametime,thesystemautomaticallystopsrunning.Thesystemiseconomical,practicalandstrong,easytooperate.KeyWords：PLCcontrolTrafficlightstimerDecoding目录IV目录摘要........................................................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................................................................III1绪论...........................................................................................................................11.1交通灯控制的现状.........................................................................................11.2交通灯PLC控制实际意义.............................................................................31.3可编程序控制器的发展历史..........................................................................31.4可编程序控制器(PLC)的定义和特点...........................................................41.41可编程序控制器(PLC)的定义...............................................................41.4.2可编程序控制器(PLC)的特点..............................................................41.5PLC的工作原理..............................................................................................72系统整体方案设计..................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1十字路口交通的布置图..................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2PLC可编程序控制器的选型...........................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.1可编程序控制器物理结构的选择........................错误!未定义书签。2.2.2可编程序控制器指令的选择.................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.3可编程序控制器I/O点数的选择..........................错误!未定义书签。2.2.4机型的选择.............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.3常用三菱PLC介绍.........................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4十字路口交通灯PLC的选择..........................................错误!未定义书签。3交通灯PLC的I/O地址分配和硬件接线图.............................错误!未定义书签。3.1PLC的I/O地址分配........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2PLC的硬件接线图...........................................................错误!未定义书签。4交通灯的控制要求及逻辑图..................................................错误!未定义书签。4.1交通灯PLC的逻辑图.....................................................错误!未定义书签。4.1.1正常循环运行的逻辑图.........................................错误!未定义书签。4.1.2急车强通控制的逻辑图.........................................错误!未定义书签。4.2时序图...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。目录V4.21正常循环运行时的时序图......................................错误!未定义书签。4.22急车强通控制的时序图..........................................错误!未定义书签。5软件系统设