基于“牛鞭效应”下的供应链管理论文

郑州大学西亚斯国际学院本科毕业论文题目基于“牛鞭效应”下的供应链管理指导教师王红梅职称讲师学生姓名周梅香学号20061025160专业物流管理班级一班院（系）商学院工商管理系完成时间2012年4月15日基于牛鞭效应下的供应链管理I基于“牛鞭效应”下的供应链管理摘要20世纪80年代以来，随着经济全球化和信息技术的飞速发展，供应链管理越来越受到理论界和企业界的重视。当前企业之间的竞争在很大程度上转变为供应链与供应链之间的竞争。“牛鞭效应”是供应链管理中的一个重要组成部分，“牛鞭效应”的好坏直接影响着供应链水平的高低。“牛鞭效应”是供应链中需求变异放大效应，由顾客端需求的微小波动通过供应链上各层级企业传导至最终供应商产生较大的需求变异。受其影响会造成供应链各层级企业需求错觉的增加，使制造商设计的生产能力大于实际的需求，从而误导生产计划，进一步导致生产成本的增加、最终导致临时缺货或过多库存积压。本文通过对供应链牛鞭效应的起因、特征以及传播规律等进行深入而系统的研究，全面了解这一现象的本质，更好地协调和优化供应链，从而弱化其负面影响，进而提高供应链敏捷性，降低供应链的成本、缩短产品的供货时间等问题，这些是提高供应链管理绩效，提高整个供应链效率，实现供应链管理目标的关键，是供应链企业赢得市场竞争优势的一种最新手段。因此，“牛鞭效应”的研究具有重大的理论与实践意义。关键词“牛鞭效应”；供应链管理；精益供应链；VMI；JMI基于牛鞭效应下的供应链管理IIBasedonthebullwhipeffectundertheSupplyChainManagementABSTRACTFrom1980’s,supplychainmanagementhasgainedmoreandmoreattentionbythescholarsandthecompanieswiththeeconomicglobalizationandthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology.Thecompetitionisnomorelocatedamongenterprises,butinallthesupplychain.Thebullwhipeffectinsupplychainisanimportantpartofthebullwhipeffect,directlyaffectthelevelofsupplychain.Thebullwhipeffectinsupplychainisthedemandvarianceamplificationeffect,bycustomerdemanddemandbysupplychainlevelenterprisetransfertothefinalsupplierlargerdemandvariability.Itsinfluencewillcauseeachlayerinthesupplychainenterprisesdemandillusionincreases,sothatthecapacityofmanufacturersgreaterthantheactualdemand,thusmisleadingtheproductionplan,furtherleadstotheincreaseofproductioncost,eventuallyledtothetemporaryshortageorexcessinventorybacklog.Basedonthesupplychainbullwhipeffectofthecauses,featuresandthespreadingruleofin-depthandsystematicresearch,acomprehensiveunderstandingofthenatureofthephenomenon,tobettercoordinateandoptimizethesupplychain,therebyweakeningthenegativeinfluence,andthenimprovetheagilityofsupplychain,reducethecostofthesupplychain,shortenthetimeofsupplyproblem,whichistoimprovetheperformanceofsupplychainmanagement,improvetheefficiencyofsupplychain,supplychainmanagementthekeyofthetarget,supplychainenterprisestowinthemarketcompetitionadvantageofanewmethod.Therefore,thebullwhipeffectisofgreattheoreticalandpracticalsignificance.KEYWORDS：bullwhipeffect,supplychainmanagement,supplychain,VMIJMI基于牛鞭效应下的供应链管理III目录摘要.................................................................................................................IABSTRACT................................................................................................................II1绪论......................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.1选题的背景.................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.2选题的意义.................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3国内外研究现状.........................................................................................21.3.1国外研究现状......................................................................................21.3.2国内研究现状......................................................................................22供应链管理及“牛鞭效应”的认识..........................................................32.1供应链的认识.............................................................................................32.1.1供应链的基本概念...............................................................................32.1.2供应链的基本特征...............................................................................42.2供应链管理的认识....................................................................................42.2.1供应链管理的概念...............................................................................42.2.2供应链管理的效益...............................................................................42.3“牛鞭效应”的认识................................................................................52.3.1“牛鞭效应”的概念...........................................................................52.3.2“牛鞭效应”的成因...........................................................................52.3.3“牛鞭效应”对供应链的影响...........................................................6基于牛鞭效应下的供应链管理IV3供应链管理下“牛鞭效应”的弱化方案.................................................73.1提高信息透明度...........................................................................................73.2缩短订货提前期...........................................................................................73.3减少流通环节...............................................................................................83.4消除博弈行为...............................................................................................83.5建立约束机制...............................................................................................84“牛鞭效应”下供应链管理的发展趋势..................................................94.1精益供应链管理...........................................................................................94.2供应链战略联盟.........................................................................................104.3供应商管理库存和联合库存管理.............................................................12结束语..................................................................................................