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苏州科技学院天平学院本科生毕业设计（论文）I基于单片机的乳粉包装称重控制设计摘要本论文在分析了国内外称重技术发展的基础上，着重对一个用于工业控制且功能较齐全的自动称重系统进行设计。随着自动化和管理现代化的进展，自动在线称重，快速动态称重在整个称重系统中有了很大的发展。因此，进一步采用新技术，开发各种自动称重系统和提高称重的准确度已经成为了多数国家科技发展的重中之重。本称重系统除了有关于数据的收集，处理，运行和通信之外，还有更多的其他辅助功能：自动称重系统除了能够储存数据资料到资料库中，还可以将资料以打印稿的形式呈现。最重要的是，该自动称重系统还可以随时对资料库进行访问和查询。本论文所设计的自动称重系统是应用于工业上的乳粉包装自动称重中的，它的实现有两个过程，第一阶段由异步电机带动粗螺旋推进器给料，这一阶段可看成为粗调过程，给料重量一定要小于额定重量。第二阶段由步进电机带动细螺旋推进器进料，可看成是细调过程，使实际重量等于要求的额定重量。本称重系统采用单片机AT89C51为控制核心，实现称重仪的基本控制功能。系统的硬件部分包括数据采集和数据处理两大部分，其中数据采集部分由称重仪模拟器、信号的前级处理（采用仪表放大器INA121）和双积分A/D转换部分组成。由于称重仪设计中电路的精度及抗工频干扰能力要求较高，故选用精度较高的仪表放大器INA121和抗工频干扰能力较强的双积分A/D转换器MC14433。本系统通过应用传感器，各种芯片及单片机使得该称重系统的实际操作性更强，便于应用于工业上。苏州科技学院天平学院本科生毕业设计（论文）II关键词双积分A/D转换；仪表放大；AT89C51单片机；数据采集苏州科技学院天平学院本科生毕业设计（论文）IIITheDesignofWeighingandPackingofMilkPowderBasedonSinglechipAbstractBasisontheresearchingoftheprogressoftheweighingtechnology,thispaperintroducesthedevelopmentofautomaticweighingsystemwhichhasacompletefunction.Withtheprogressofautomationinindustryandmodernizationinmanagement,thereismuchprogressinweighingonline,fastanddynamicweighingandsystemofweighing.Adoptingnewertechnology,developingdiversifiedautomaticweighingsystem,improvingaccuracyandenhancingnetworkfunctionareemphasizedineverycountrynowadays..Besidesthefunctionofcollecting,processing,displayingandcommunicationofdataaboutweight,theautomaticweighingsystemcanalsosavedataindatabaseandprintdatainreportform.Itcanalsovisitandquerytherecordsindatabase.Thearticleintroducedtheautomaticnamedweighingsystemwhichisappliedintheindustry,itsrealizationhastwoprocesses,thefirststageisthespiralpropellerbytheasynchronousmachinebelttoaffordthematerial,thisagewhichisworthyoflookingatisbecauseofthecoarseadjustmentprocess,certainlyitmustbesmallerthanthescheduleweightforthematerialweight.Thesecondstageisimpetuswhichismuchmoreprecisethanthefirstspiralpropellerfeeding,itmayberegardedasthespecialprocess.Thissystemhasbeenappliedinthesensor,eachkindofchipsandmonolithicintegratedcircuits.ThissystemisbasedonsinglechipAT89C51,itcanmakeelectronicscale'sbasic苏州科技学院天平学院本科生毕业设计（论文）IVcontrolfunctioncometrue.System'shardwareincludessmallestsystemboardandtheacquisitionofdata.Thesmallestsystempartmainlyrealizesthedemonstrationofthediodesandthecontrolofkeyboard,thepartofdata’sacquisitionisconsistsofthesimulatorofweighingmeter,signallevelprocessing(amplifierINA121)andthefractionofthedoubleintegralA/Dconversion.Becauseofthehighrequestinprecisionoftheelectriccircuitoftheweighingmeterdesignandtheabilityofanti-powerfrequencydisturbance,theselectionofthehighprecisionappliancesuchastheamplifierINA121anddoubleintegralA/DswitchMC14433.Thesystemwouldbestrongerbyusingdifferentelements,anditwouldhavebetterperformanceinapplicationoftheindustry.KeywordsdoubleintegralA/Dtransformation;measuringapplianceenlargement;AT89C51singlechip;collectionofdata苏州科技学院天平学院本科生毕业设计（论文）V目录第1章绪论....................................................................................................................................11.1引言..............................................................................................................................11.2电子称重技术的发展趋势...........................................................................................11.2.1称重传感器.......................................................................................................21.2.2称重仪表...........................................................................................................21.2.3承载器...............................................................................................................31.3论文研究的目的及意义...............................................................................................31.4本课题研究的主要内容...............................................................................................4第2章主要元器件选型……..........................................................................................................52.1转换电路芯片选择.......................................................................................................52.2主控芯片选择...............................................................................................................62.3仪表放大器选择...........................................................................................................72.4电源选择......................................................................................................................92.5显示模块选择...............................................................................................................92.6本章小结....................................................................................................................10第3章硬件系统的设计...............................................................................................................113.1电路总体原理框图设计.............................................................................................113.2主芯片引脚应用.........................................................................................................113.3控制模块与转换模块的连接...........