合金高铬铸铁的热处理

摘要本文以合金高铬铸铁（KMTBCr8）板材（5.6mm5.6mm53mm）为试验材料，进行不同热处理后不同腐蚀介质、不同ph、不同砂浆配比、不同转速下的腐蚀磨损试验。利用光学显微镜对试样进行基体组织分析、显微组织分析。研究不同热处理工艺及不同腐蚀磨损条件对KMTBCr8腐蚀磨损性能的影响，并分析不同热处理工艺及腐蚀条件下KMTBCr8腐蚀磨损的规律[1]。研究发现，KMTBCr8的热处理工艺对其腐蚀磨损性能有影响，铸态的KMTBCr8耐腐蚀磨损性能最好；相同回火温度下，淬火热处理温度越高，KMTBCr8耐腐蚀性越差；相同淬火温度下，KMTBCr8试样低温回火的耐腐蚀磨损性能优于三次高温回火。在其他热处理工艺及腐蚀条件都相同时，中性砂浆中KMTBCr8的表面锈蚀最严重，碱性砂浆次之，酸性砂浆中KMTBCr8的锈蚀最轻。在相同腐蚀磨损条件下，高转速比低转速的失重量要多。关键词：合金高铬铸铁；热处理；腐蚀磨损；组织形貌AbstractThispaper,takinghighchromiumcastironalloyplate(5.6mmx5.6mmx53mm)asexperimentmaterial,respectivelyindifferentheattreatment,differentcorrosivemedium,differentph,differentcementmortarratio,differentspeedofthecorrosionweartest.UsingZeisselectronmodernanalysismethods,theresearchdiscussestheheattreatmentprocessanddifferentcorrosionwearconditionsaffecttheperformanceofKMTBCr8corrosionandwear,andanalyzethedifferentheattreatmentprocessandtheabrasionperformanceofthecorrosionconditionsandcorrosionKMTBCr8relationship;Forthematerialintheactualsystemtheoreticalfoundationforthesafeuse.Themainresearchcontentsinclude:matrixorganizationanalysis,themorphologyandmicrostructureanalysis.Onthebasisofthesuccessfulpreparationofsampleheattreatment,firstofallthegroupswerecomparedbeforeandafterheattreatment.ThentostudyKMTBCr8byweight-lossmethodinacidandalkalineutralmortardynamiclawofcorrosionwearcharacteristics.Bycomparingthesamplesbeforeandaftercorrosionwearweightdifference,analyzingcorrosionweardatarecord,aseriesofXYscatterplotsmooth.ThestudyfoundthatKMTBCr8heattreatmentprocessonthecorrosionandwearpropertiesofinfluential,thehighertheheattreatmenttemperature,corrosionresistance,theworse,themoreseriousthesurfacerust.IntheneutralmortarKMTBCr8surfacecorrosionismoreserious.Underthesamecorrosionweartime,highspeedthantheweightlessnessrateofthoselowspeed.Inneutralmortar,whenKMTBCr8afterheattreatment,theneutralmortarcorrosionresistancethantheas-castthemostneutralmortarwithpoorcorrosionresistance.Followedbyalkalinecementmortar,thepoorcorrosionresistancethanas-cast.Finallyisacidicslurry,anditspoorcorrosionresistancethantheas-castleast.Youcanseethattheas-castKMTBCr8mostresistanttocorrosion.Keywords:highchromiumcastiron;Heattreatment;Corrosionandwear;Therupture目录摘要PAGEREF_Toc21099IAbstractII第1章绪论11.1引言11.2铸铁概述11.2.1铸铁及其应用11.2.2铸铁的金相组织和力学性能的特点41.3金属的腐蚀磨损31.3.1金属的腐蚀磨损概述41.3.2腐蚀磨损的试验方法41.4铸铁的热处理51.4.1铸铁热处理概述51.4.2消除内应力处理61.4.3石墨化退火61.4.4正火61.4.5淬火61.5本课题的研究目的和主要研究内容71.5.1本课题的研究目的及意义71.5.2本课题的主要研究内容7第2章试验材料及具体试验方法92.1KMTBCr8的成分92.2热处理实验92.2.1热处理试样的制备92.2.2热处理工艺92.3金相观察122.3.1金相试样的制备122.3.2观察及照相122.4硬度的测定122.5腐蚀磨损试验132.5.1腐蚀磨损试样的制备132.5.2腐蚀磨损试验13第3章组织与硬度分析143.1金相组织分析143.1.1原始试样组织143.1.2淬火+回火后组织143.2硬度值及分析183.2.1KMTBCr8不同热处理状态下的硬度值183.2.2硬度分析19第4章腐蚀磨损试验结果分析214.1酸性环境对高铬铸铁腐蚀性能的影响214.1.1腐蚀磨损试验结果224.1.2宏观腐蚀形貌分析234.1.3试验结论与分析234.2碱性环境对高铬铸铁腐蚀磨损性能的影响244.2.1腐蚀磨损试验结果264.2.2试验结论与分析26结论34致谢35参考文献36CONTENTSTOC\o1-3\h\uAbstrace(Chinese)IAbstract(English)IIChapter1Introduction11.1Introduction11.2Summaryofcastiron11.2.1Castironanditsapplication11.2.2Thecharacteristicsofthemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofcastiron21.3Metalcorrosionandwear31.3.1Thecorrosionofthemetalwearoverview41.3.2Corrosionweartestmethod41.4Heattreatmentofcastiron51.4.1Summaryofcastironheattreatment51.4.2Eliminateinternalstress61.4.3Thegraphitizationannealing61.4.4Normalization61.4.5Quenching61.5Theresearchpurposeofthissubjectandthemainresearchcontent71.5.1Thistopicresearchpurposeandmeaning71.5.2Themainresearchcontentofthisproject7Chapter2Thetestmaterialsandtheconcretetestingmethods92.1ThecompositionofKMTBCr892.2Heattreatmentexperiment92.2.1Thepreparationofsampleheattreatment92.2.2Heattreatmentprocess92.3Metallographicobservation122.3.1Preparationofmetallographicsample122.3.2Observationandphotography122.4Determinationofhardness122.5Corrosionweartest132.5.1Corrosionweartestspecimenpreparation132.5.2Corrosionweartest13Chapter3Analysismetallographicandhardness143.1Analysismetallographic143.1.1Theoriginalsampleorganization143.1.2Afterquenchingandtempering143.2Hardnessandanalysishardness183.2.1KMTBCr8hardnessvalueunderdifferentheattreatmentstates183.2.2Analysishardness19Chapter4Corrosionweartestresultsanalysis214.1Acidicenvironmentimpactonthecorrosionperformanceofhighchromiumcastiron214.1.1Corrosionweartestresults234.1.2Macroscopiccorrosionmorphologyanalysis234.1.3Testresultsandanalysis234.2Alkalineenvironmenteffectonthepropertiesofhighchromiumcastironcorrosionandwear244.2.1Corrosionweartestresults264.2.2Testresultsandanalysis30Conclusion34Acknowledgement35References36第1章绪论1.1引言高铬铸铁在现代社会的应用很广，它有高的硬度和耐磨性，但是所有的金属材料都面对腐蚀和磨损两大难题，高铬铸铁也不例外。所以对高铬铸铁进行腐蚀磨损研究有很重要的意义，本文通过研究高铬铸铁KMTBCr8不同热处理之后的耐腐蚀磨损性能来摸索最佳的热处理工艺及腐蚀磨损条件。1.2铸铁概述铸铁应用很广，铸造合金的总产量75%以上是铸铁。铸造生铁是铸铁的主要原料，铸铁的成分范围为：2.4%~4.0%C，0.6%~3.0%Si，0.2%~1.2%Mn，0.1%~1.2%P，0.08%~0.15%S。同时也可以加入其他合金元素，来获得具有各种性能的合金铸铁[2]。1.2.1铸铁及其应用铸铁分为白口铸铁、麻口铸铁和灰口铸铁，分类依据是碳在铸铁中的存在形态不同。灰口铸铁又可以分为灰铸铁、球墨铸铁、蠕墨铸铁和可锻铸铁，其分类依据是铸铁中石墨的形态不同。以下是各种铸铁的简单介绍。白口铸铁白口铸铁的简介见表1-1。表1-1白口铸铁简介普通白口铸铁化学成分2.8%~3.6%C,0.5%~1.3%Si，0.4%~0.9%Mn它在白口铸铁中被认为是第一代组织形态金相组织为珠光体+莱氏体，碳绝大部分以碳化物的形式存在于铸铁中，除少量溶于铁素体，断口呈银白色