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中北大学2012届毕业设计说明书摘要在现今的经济全球化制造时代，客户化的产品需求要求更短的产品生命周期。现代制造业与服务业呈现融合的状态。车间作业调度技术是生产管理技术的核心技术，直接关系到企业产品以及服务的质量。有效的车间作业调度技术，可以增强车间资源优、化配置能力、提高企业的生产效率、减少生产损耗，使企业在经济全球化的竞争中处于领先地位。现代制造业的生产特点是品种多、批量小(甚至是单件生产)，而车间资源的有限性制约着能否有效利用车间现有资源完成任务，以最快的速度响应市场需求。调度的任务是根据生产目标和约束，为每个加工对象确定具体的加工路线、时间、机器和操作等。优良的调度策略对于提高生产系统的最优性、提高经济效益都有着极大的作用。作业车间调度问题是一个典型的NP—hard问题，是最困难的组合优化问题之一。本文主要研究了制造车间作业调度问题。本文系统地介绍了车间作业调度理论及其发展状况、用于作业车间调度理论的优化算法及其特点；针对生产过程的作业调度，描述了调度的分类以及常规调度方法；建立了制造车间调度模型；利用染色体编码方法和遗传算子，用遗传算法解决该调度问题。此外，用Matlab强大的数值计算能力和众多库函数来编写算法，通过仿真实例对算法的求解效果进行了测试。实例证明，该程序算法结果较好，能充分利用设备资源组织生产，对于车间的实际生产具有较强的指导意义。关键词：作业调度，遗传算法，MATLAB中北大学2012届毕业设计说明书JobSchedulingOptimizationBasedonGeneticAlgorithmABSTRACTInthemanufacturingeraofeconomicglobalization,demandforourproductsofcustomerrequiresshorterproductlifecycle.Modernmanufacturingandservicerenderedtothestateofintegration.Thejob-shopschedulingtechnologyisthecoretechnologyoftheproductionandmanagementtechnology,isdirectlyrelatedtothequalityofenterpriseproductsandservices.Effectivejobshopschedulingtechniquescanenhancetheworkshopresources,optimalallocationofcapacity,improveproductionefficiency,reduceproductionlosses,sothatenterprisescanlocateinthecentralpositioninthecompetitionofeconomicglobalization.Thefeatureofmodernmanufacturingsectorisvariety,smallbatch(orevenasinglepieceproduction).Thelimitedresourcesoftheworkshoprestrictingtheeffectiveuseofexistingworkshopresourcestocompletethetasktomeetmarketdemandinthefastestpace.Theschedulingtaskistodeterminethespecificprocessingroute,time,machineryandoperationaccordingtoproductiongoalsandconstraintsforeachprocessingobject.Goodschedulingstrategyhasagreatrolefortheoptimalproductionsystem,improveeconomicefficiency.ThejobshopschedulingproblemisatypicalNP-hardproblem,andisthemostdifficultcombinatorialoptimizationproblems.Inthispaper,westudymanufacturingjobshopschedulingproblem.Thepapersystematicallyintroducesthejobshopschedulingtheoryanditsdevelopment,optimizationalgorithmforjobshopschedulingtheoryanditscharacteristics;contrarytojobschedulingoftheproductionprocess,wedescribestheclassificationofschedulingandconventionalschedulingmethods;wehaveestablishedamanufacturingshopschedulingmodel;weusechromosomecoding,geneticoperatorsandgeneticalgorithmtosolvetheschedulingproblem.Inaddition,usingtheMatlabnumericalcomputingpowerandnumberoflibraryfunctionstowritethealgorithmtotesttheeffectsofalgorithmbysimulationexamples.ExamplesshowthatTheprogramalgorithmisbetter,equipmentoforganizingproductionresourceutilization,Thealgorithmhasastrongguidingsignificancefortheactualproductionoftheworkshop.Keywords:JobScheduling,GeneticAlgorithm,MATLAB中北大学2012届毕业设计说明书第I页共II页目录1绪论......................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景及意义................................................................................................11.1.1问题的提出......................................................................................................11.1.2课题的现实与理论意义..................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状综述................................................................................................31.3本文的研究内容........................................................................................................42车间作业调度算法..............................................................................................................52.1调度问题特点与分类................................................................................................52.2车间作业调度问题描述............................................................................................52.3调度问题优化算法....................................................................................................63求解调度问题的遗传算法................................................................................................103.1遗传算法求解调度问题的优越性..........................................................................103.2遗传算法简介..........................................................................................................113.2.1遗传算法概述................................................................................................113.2.2遗传算法基本过程........................................................................................123.2.3遗传算法执行策略........................................................................................154车间作业调度的建模........................................................................................................174.1车间作业调度问题描述..........................................................................................174.2遗传算法设计思想..................................................................................................184.2.1编码................................................................................................................184.2.2生成初始种群................................................................................................194.2.3适应度函数.......................