基础力学模拟题

···········································································································装订线··································································································山东建筑大学试卷共4页第1页至第学期课程名称基础力学试卷（A、B）专业：考试性质：闭卷考试时间120分钟题号一二三总分分数一、单项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)1、均匀性假设认为材料内部各点的（）是相同的Ａ、应力Ｂ、应变Ｃ、位移Ｄ、力学性质2、胡克定律应用的条件是（）A、只适用于塑性材料B、应力不超过比例极限C、应力不超过屈服极限3、以下关于横截面挠度的定义哪一种是正确的（）A、横截面在垂直于梁轴方向的线位移B、横截面的形心在垂直于梁轴方向的线位移C、横截面的形心沿梁轴方向的线位移4、在分析平面应力状态中一点应力状态时，以下说法中哪个是正确的（）A、主应力就是最大正应力B、主平面上只有正应力而无切应力C、三个主应力必为零5、圆截面细长压杆的材料和杆端约束保持不变，若将直径缩小一半，则压杆临界压力为原压杆的（）A、1/2B、1/8C、1/16二、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）（）1、若作用于物体的主动力的合力作用线在摩擦锥以内，不论这个力多大，物体总能保持静止。.。（）2、力偶无合力，且力偶只能用力偶来等效。（）3、在重力场中，均质物体的形心与重心重合。（）4、如果作用在刚体上的力系的主矢等于零，即力多边形自行封闭，则此力系平衡。（超纲）5、平面运动刚体的动能等于随质心移动的动能和相对于质心转动的动能两者之和。（超纲）6、点的速度合成定理指的是动点的绝对速度等于其牵连速度和相对速度的矢量和。（超纲）7、平面图形随基点移动的规律与基点的选择无关。（超纲）8、当质点系的动量守恒时，其中各质点的动量也保持不变。（超纲）9、转动惯量是刚体转动时惯性的度量。（超纲）10、质点的惯性力并非质点本身所受的力，而是质点作用于施力物体上的力。二、作图题（共20分）1、作图示杆的轴力图。（5分）2、作图示传动轴的扭矩图。（5分）班级______________姓名______________学号______________5P2P2P4kN.mABDC10kN.m3kN.m3kN.m山东建筑大学试卷共4页第2页3、绘制梁的剪力图和弯矩图。（10分）三、计算题（共60分）1、（15分）图示结构由构件AC和CDB在C处铰接，自重不计。已知：m=100kN.m，q=100kN/m。试求支座A、B的约束力。···········································································································装订线················································································································································································装订线·······························································································································qm=qa22aaABC剪力图弯矩图qCDAB2m2m1.5m1.5m3m3mm山东建筑大学试卷共4页第3页2、（15分）图示刚性杆AB用三根竖杆吊成水平位置。设三杆长度、横截面积和弹性模量均相等，且力F=35KN。求：1、2、3杆的轴力。3、（10分）试校核图示拉杆头部的剪切强度和挤压强度。已知：D=32mm，d=20mm，h=12mm，材料的许用切应力[]=100Mpa，许用挤压应力[bs]=240Mpa。···········································································································装订线··································································································l1aa23ABCDaFhdaZKb2h2hyFDE22AE11AEBAPaadD50kN山东建筑大学试卷共4页第4页4、（10分）如图所示为一根实心圆轴的计算简图。已知m1=2.99kN·m，m2=7.20kN·m，m3=4.21kN·m；材料的[τ]=70MPa，[θ]=1˚/m，G=80109Pa。试（1）画圆轴的扭矩图；（2）设计轴的直径D。5、（10分）一外伸梁其截面如图所示，C为T形截面的形心。已知l=600mm，P1=24kN，P2=9kN，y1=72mm，y2=38mm，Iz=0.573×10-5m4，材料的[t]=30MPa，[c]=90MPa，试画梁的弯矩图，并校核该梁的强度。P1=24KNP2=9KNACBDl/2l/2l/3y2y1zCABCm3m2m11.0m0.5m···········································································································装订线··································································································