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Unit1antiseptic防腐剂biochemistry生物化学dissection解剖incontinent无节制的irregular不规则的malfunction故障microbiology微生物学outpatient门诊病人premature不成熟transmission传输ultrasound超声波cardiologist心脏病学家epidemic流行的functioning运作identify确定improvement改善lucidity明朗，清澈mechanism机制，原理medical医学palpitation心悸，跳动physician内科医师physiology生理学practitioner执业医师regulate规定resistance阻力，抵抗specialize专门从事，详细说明lens晶状体conjunctiva结膜cornea角膜femur股骨synovialmembrane滑膜synovialfluid滑液patella膝盖骨cartilage软骨tibia胫骨aorta主动脉right/leftatrium右/左心房tricuspidvalve三尖瓣mitralvalve二尖瓣aorticvalve主动脉瓣pulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣ventricularvalve室间隔right/leftventricle右/左心室pulmonaryartery肺动脉humananatomy人体解剖pharmacology药理学pathology病理学lasersurgery激光手术scalpel解剖刀stagnantwater停滞的水vaccination接种疫苗Unit2mass众多，聚集，质量waste废物，废弃disc圆盘joint关节，连接stool粪便，凳子，引诱loose变松，松散的labour分娩，劳动productive生产的，多产的medicated药制的，用药治疗episode发作性状，插曲carrier带菌者，载体murmur心脏杂音，低语patient病人mediation调解medic医师，医科学生medical医学的，体格检查medicalexaminer验尸员medically医学上的medicate用药治疗medication药物medicinal药用的medicine医学，药bypass绕开，忽视，旁路operate动手术，运作，操作circulation循环，流通flow流动，淹没dislodge驱逐，使……移动oxygenate氧化rejection抛弃，拒绝infection感染，传染，影响Unit3artery动脉breastbone胸骨capillary毛细管collagen胶原蛋白pelvis骨盆platelet血小板pump泵rib肋骨shoulderblade肩胛骨vertebrae椎骨vessel血管cardiovascular心血管cardiopathy心脏病cardiologist心脏病专家gastroenteritis肠胃炎gastrointestinal胃肠gastroscope胃镜hyperglycaemic高血糖症hypertension高血压hyperventilate换气过度ingest摄取intake摄入internal内部physical物理physiology生理学physiotherapy物理治疗reproductive生殖reshape重塑trachea气管epiglottis会厌oesophagus食管liver肝diaphragm隔膜pancreas胰腺bileduct胆管gallbladder胆囊transversecolon横结肠duodenum十二指肠jejunum空场ileum回肠caecum盲肠rectum直肠ascendingcolon升结肠appendix附录sigmoidcolon乙状结肠marrow骨髓lymphocyte淋巴细胞monocyte单核细胞eosinophil嗜酸性细胞basophil嗜碱性细胞neutrophil嗜中性粒细胞coronaryarteries冠状动脉thigh大腿thorax胸腔elbow肘abdomen腹部wrist手腕groin腹股沟hip臀部ankle脚踝heel跟buttock臀部sternum胸骨frontalplane正面图lateralplane侧向平面transverseplane横向平面superior优越的inferior劣质的lateral横向的medial内侧proximal近端distal远端posterior后anterior前Unit4browse浏览catalogue目录cross-reference交叉引用database数据库exit/logoff退出，注销hyperlink超链接index指数journal杂志login/logon登陆Unit5abnormal不正常的categories类别detect检测function函数unnatural不自然的variation变异affluent富裕的sedentary久坐不动的unit6anatomical解剖contaminants污染物convent修道院destruction破坏envelope信封equatorial赤道generalized广义infection感染instructions指令metabolic代谢nucleus核replication复制separation分离specialize专业eliminate消除adverse不良soothing舒缓的therapeutic治疗toxic有毒substance物质biochemical生化molecular分子interact交互scientific科学relaxant松弛剂immobilize固定antiviral抗病毒chromosomes染色体nucleus核intestine肠cytoplasmicmembrane胞质膜lipidenvelope脂质被膜nuclearenvelope核被摸telophase末期metaphase中期anaphase后期1.Today,heartsurgeryisrobotizedincisionstothehearthavebeenreducedtoaminimumandpatientrecoverytimeisdownfromsixmonthstoafewweeks.今天，心脏手术使机械化的伤口降到最小并且病人恢复时间从6个月到几个星期。2.Dislodgingthemalmostalwaysprovedfatal,butHarkendevelopedatechniquethatenabledhimtocutintothewallofastillbeatingheartandsuccessfullyremoveit.移除它们总是被认为是致命的，但是哈肯开发了一种技术能够使他切开仍在跳动的心脏的壁并且成功的移除它们。3.Itwasaccomplishedbypassingeitherafingeroraknifeintothemitralvalvethroughanincisionintheleftatriuminordertoremovetissue.通过传递一个手指或一把手术刀穿过切口进入左心房的二尖瓣来完成移除组织4.Stoppingthecirculationtemporarilywouldgivedoctorsjustfourminutestocarryouttheirintervention,howeverthesubsequentdeprivationofoxygentothebrainwouldbecriticalresultinginbraindamage.暂时停止循环给医生仅仅四分钟来实施介入，然而随后大脑缺氧会导致严重的脑损伤。5.Cyclosporine,foundinfungusgrowinginthefjords,wouldsoonbeusedinhospitalsaroundtheworldtocontrolorganrejectionwithoutcancellingoutallresistancetoinfection.环孢霉素，找到生长在峡湾中的霉菌，很快就会被用于世界各地的医院来控制器官排斥而不消除所有的抗感染能力。6.Anotherexample,EdwardDaunheimer,whoreceivedhisheartin1997attheageof65(theupperagelimitforhearttransplants),hassofarlivedahealthylifefor12yearswithhisnewheart,defyingstatisticalprobabilitiesbyalargemargin.另一个例子，爱德华在1997年他65岁时接受了他的心脏（心脏移植的年龄上限），到目前为止，与他的新心脏健康的生活了12年，打破了统计学的可能。7.Indeed,sometwomillionpeopleeachyeardevelopcongestiveheartfailureintheUSalone(2001),butwithonly2500donorheartsbecomingavailableinanyoneyear,thousandsareleftdesperateforanalternative.事实上，仅在美国每年大约就有二百万人患充血性心力衰竭，但是每年只有2500个捐赠的心脏可以使用，数以千计的人只有绝望可以选择。8.Asignificantfeatureofthediseaseisthedevelopmentofblistersontheupperpartofthebody,whicheventuallyscaboverandleavescarswhenthescabsfalloff.这个病的一个典型的特征就是水疱在上半身发展，最终痂脱落留下疤痕9.Vaccinationinvolvestheadministrationofapreparationthatallowsthebodytodevelopresistancetoadiseasewithouthavingtobeexposedtoit.疫苗接种涉及一种准备的实施，使身体产生疾病的抗体而不是接触它。10.AnoutbreakofsmallpoxinNewYorkCityin1947ledtothedevelopmentofafreeze-dryingtechniquewhichmeantthevaccinecouldbestoredformonthswithoutrefrigeration,evenintropicalclimates.1947年在纽约爆发天花导致了冷冻干燥技术的发展，这意味着疫苗能够在不制冷的情况储存几个月，甚至是在热带气候下。11.Itssymptomsdevelopquickly,makingthoseinfectedawareofthediseaseatanearlystageandreducingthepossibilityofthemunknowinglytransmittingthediseasetoothers.它的症状发展迅速，使感染者在早期就察觉到疾病并且减少了他们在不知情的情况下传染给别人。12.So,too,istheaccidentalreleaseofmaterialtraditionallyusedforvariolationinremotecommunities.接种天花意外的运用传统材料因此也用于偏远的社区。13.However,themostpressingfearisthatstocksofthevariolavirussetasideforresearchpurposesco