固态发酵饲料的特性及对育肥猪生长性能及养分消化率的影响(英文)

CharacteristicsofSolid-stateFermentedFeedanditsEffectonPerformanceandNutrientDigestibilityinGrowing-finishingPigs固态发酵饲料特性及其对育肥猪生长性能及养分消化率的影响ByJiankunHu,WenqingLu,ChunlinWang,RonghuaZhuandJiayunQiaoFrom:Asian-Aust.J.Anim.Sci.Vol.21,No.11:1635–1641November20082013.1.24KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAUconcentsIntroductionMaterialsandMethodsResultsandDiscussionConclusionPage1KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAUIntroductionPage21)AntibioticgrowthpromotersTotalbaninEuropeanUnion2)FermentedrawmaterialsEliminatinganti-nutritionalfactors;Improvingnutrientdigestibility;EnrichingthequalityofproteinThefermentationendproductscanbeincorporatedintodietsasfeedingredientsKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAUIntroductionPage33)Fermentedliquidfeed(FLF)newbornpigletsColiforms(feces)Lacticacidbacteria(feces)growingpigsenterobacteriaceaelacticacidbacteria(stomach)ThehighconcentrationsoforganicacidsintheFLFarebelievedtoberesponsibleforthereductioninpathogensKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAUIntroductionPage44)Solid-statefermentationfeed(SFF)littleliteraturemayhavepotentialtobeefficientinpromotinganimalhealthandgrowth;presentstudy(1)toinvestigatethenutritionalandmicrobialcharacteristicsofSFFduringthefermentationprocess;(2)todeterminetheeffectsofSFFonperformanceandnutrientdigestibilityingrowing-finishingpigswhenfedintheabsenceofantibiotics.experimentdesignChemicalanalysisDeterminethefermentationeffectMicrobiologicalcountsAnimalfeedingtrialCollectesamplesManufactureofSFFSSF+basaldietantibiotics+basaldietDailygainDailyintaketotalfecalcollectionChemicalanalysisFeedconversionnutrientdigestibilityKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAUMaterialsandMethodsPage51)ManufactureofSSF2)MicrobiologicalcountsofSFF3)ChemicalanalysisofSFFsamples4)Animalfeedingtrial5)Chemicalanalysisoffeedandfeces6)StatisticalanalysisKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU1)ManufactureofSFFPage6①prepareofliquidcultureAmixedliquidbacterialculture,containing:LactobacillusfermentumLAB5.03logcfu/ml(发酵乳杆菌)SaccharomycescerevisaeYeastand5.74logcfu/ml(酿酒酵母)BacillussubtilisBacillus5.45logcfu/ml(枯草芽孢杆菌)KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU1)ManufactureofSFFPage7②prepareofsubstrate√KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU1)ManufactureofSFFPage8③Mixsubstrate:liquidculture=10:3(w/v).④PackageThemixturewaspackagedinmulti-layer,polythenebags(多层式聚乙烯包装袋);25kgperbag;thebagequippedaone-wayvalve(单向阀)toallowreleaseofCO2producedduringfermentationKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU1)ManufactureofSFFPage9⑤FermenteFermentationwasperformedinbags；temperature：25±5℃⑥Collectesamplesday0,1,2,3,5,7,10,15,20and30KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU2)MicrobiologicalcountsofSFFPage10bacterialincubationmediaincubationTEMPtLABMan,RogosaandSharpagaranaerobic37℃36hEnterobacteriaMcConkeyagaraerobic37℃24hBacillusMixedNutrientagarplatesaerobic37℃24hYeastsagarplatesaerobic30℃36hTen-folddilutionsoftheSSFfeedsamplesKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU3)ChemicalanalysisofSFFsamplesPage11NutritionassaymethoddrymatterAOAC(1990).crudeproteinAOAC(1990).Water-solubleproteinBradford(1976)ShortchainfattyacidsGasChromatographyLacticacidenzymatickitproducedKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU4)AnimalfeedingtrialPage12①Experimentalanimalgrouping20crossbredbarrows(D×Y×L)initialbodyweight=14.11kg②TheexperimentaldietsControlgroup:basaldiet+antibioticsSFFgroup:basaldiet+SFFbasaldiet:corn-soybeanmeal-basedcontroldiet③HusbandrymanagementControlgroupSFFgroupItem14-25kg25-65kg65-95kgControlSSFControlSSFControlSSFIngredientMaize(%)70.060.567.565.070.070.0Soybeanmeal(%)20.012.020.011.020.09.0Fishmeal(%)6.0-3.0---Wheatbran(%)-2.54.54.05.06.0Soybeanoil(%)-1.0-1.0-Solid-statefermentedfeed(%)-25.0-20.0-15.0Mineralandvitaminpremix(%)4.0-4.0-4.0-NutrientcompositionMetabolizableenergy(Mcal/kg)3.213.213.223.223.233.23Crudeprotein(%)18.0418.0216.6316.6614.9914.99Lysine(%)1.201.240.970.960.730.71Calcium(%)0.96.0960.650.650.480.48Totalphosphorus(%)0.800.800.510.510.510.50ThetrialwasconductedinthreephasesKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU4)AnimalfeedingtrialPage14pigpen:stainlesssteelmetabolismcratesequippedwithaplastic-coated,totallyslattedfloorphaseⅠ:0.5m×1.1mPhaseⅡandphaseⅢ:0.6m×1.4mPigswerefedtwicedailyuntilfullfreshwaterwasavailableallthetimesOneweakpiginbothgroupswasremovedfromtheexperimentduringthephaseⅠ.KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU5)ChemicalanalysisoffeedandfecesPage15①Thedrymatter,crudeprotein,calciumandphosphorusindietsorfecesweredeterminedaccordingtoAOAC(1990)②Grossenergyfeceswasmeasuredbyanadiabaticbombcalorimeter(Model1281,Parr,Moline,IL)③LysineinfeedsampleswasdeterminedbyHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU6)StatisticalanalysisPage16①Datarelatingtomicrobialcountsandchemicalanalysisofsolid-statefermentedfeedwerecalculatedusingMicrosoftOfficeExcel(2003)②DatafornutrientdigestibilityandperformancewereanalyzedusingANOVAofSAS(SASInstitute,1996)KEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAURESULTSandDISCUSSIONPage171)MicrobialcharacteristicsofSFFduringfermentation2)ChemicalanalysisofSFF3)PigperformanceandnutrientdigestibilityKEYLABOFANIMALNUTRITIONOFJXAU1)MicrobialcharacteristicsofSFFPage18LAB(●),yeasts(□),bacill