中国旅游气候学研究综述

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292201002PROGRESSINGEOGRAPHYVol.29,No.2Feb.,2010:2009-09;:2009-11.(09TAAG020)。:(1979-),,,、。E-mail:pwu@cnta.gov.cn131~137122(1.,100005;2.,100101):,,。、,,4。:,,;,“”。,;,、,;,,、。:;;;,。,[1]。,。,,“”,。UNWTO()IPCC()。2008“:”。200811《》。,,,,,。11.1,“”“/”,(),214,189,21,4。1987()《》《》[2]。,0.1%;,1/3;,0.1%。3。1.2214,、,、,(1)。1,、,、 /%19142.5223918.223!62.804#$%&52.345’(/’)*+,-52.341Tab.1Distributionofresearchcontentintourism-climatology:。29136,63.55%,。,、,、,;、;。。,,。214,86,13,,;17,21。20,5,1,4[3-6]。4,2,1,1[7-10]。2,20。1。(),3。2.1(1984-1992)1984,《》,[11]。,《》[12]。1987,,“”,。1988-1992,10,、()。,。,,1~2。,,(),;,。2.2(1993-1999),,19932199614199912。、。1《》,[3]。1996《》。,,:/()、,、,。,,   1(1987-2008)Fig.1AnnualammountofpapersaboutTourism-Climatology(1987-2008)1322:,,1997,4,1993。,,。。2.3(2000)2080,,10。1996,IPCC2[13]。,、,2000,。,,1,2000。、,,6[14-19]。,,。,,;。,。,,。3,。,,(42.52%)、(18.22%)、(2.8%)。3.1、、,。,、,、。、()、、。,、,[20]。[21]、[22]、[23]。3.2、、。。,,,、,。,、。、,2512。,4~6,,,,、,[24]。、、,,5-9[25]。3.3、,、,、。。:①,17~25——;②,、、575;③15,[26]。,6,[27]。133293.4,,。,[28]。7-8,,,[29]。3.5。,、,[30];,,,,[31]。3.6、,,、。、,、、,,[32]。3.7,、、,。,,;,[17]。,,,,[18]。50,50,[19]。4,、。,《》、《》。10,、,。4.110,,,。,。、、、,、[33]。(),,[34];,、[35]。,[36-38]。4.21996,“”,“”[39];44(X)(Y)[40];、,[41];,,“”,[42]。55.1,,,,:(1)。、,、、1342:,。,,。(2),“”。、,;,/、/。,、;“”。,、、、、[43]。(3)。。,,、,。。,。(4),。。,,“”“”,,;,,12m(1.5m),。,,,。,,,,,,。5.2,、。30~50,,。5:(1)20,,,。,,、。,,,。(2),。,,,,。,,,3。,,,。(3)、,。,、,,。,,,/,,。13529(4),。,,5%。,3%,20507%,、CO21%~3%。,,30,CO21.5。,。(5),[44]。,。、。[1]BodeS,HapkeJ,ZislerS.Needandoptionsforaregen-erativesupplyinholidayfacilities.TourismandManage-ment,2003,24(3):257-266.[2]..,1987,(2):73-74.[3],..,1996,(3):63.[4],..,2007,22(7):34-39.[5],..,2007,18(3):430-434.[6]..,2005,16(3):24-27.[7]..,2007.[8]..,2007.[9]..,2005.[10]..,2004.[11]..:,1984:1-302.[12]..:,1986:1-10.[13]IPCC.ClimateChange1996.UnitedKingdom:CambridgeUniversityPress,1996:358.[14],..,2002,12(4):1-4.[15],..,2006,28(2):108-129.[16],.20:.,2006,21(3):314-319.[17],,,..(),2006,27(3):86-89.[18]..(),2008,(4):113-116.[19],,..,2003,(11):54-56.[20],..,1991,7(5):273-277.[21],,,..,1996,18(2):33-38.[22],..,2002,22(3):245-248.[23],,..,2005,33(6):87-89.[24],..,1998,13(4):304-311.[25],,,..,2007,26(3):533-541.[26]..(),1996,14(1):68-76.[27],..(),2004,17(1):72-77.[28]..,2005,25(4):31-33.[29]..,2002,(3):15-17.[30].:.,1994,13(4):50-53.[31],,,.:、、、、.,2002,57(6):731-740.[32],,,..,1999,15(3):33-48.[33],,..,1994,(1):32-33.[34],..(),1992,(1):33-40.[35]..:,2001:182-184.[36]..,1998,13(4):304-311.[37],,,..,2004,23(6):856-862.[38]..,2005,21(5):458-459.1362:[39],..,1996,11(3):128-134.[40]..,2004,20(3):45-54.[41],,..,2002,(2):56-58.[42],,..,2001,21(4):480-484.[43]SusanneB.Harmonizingclimatechangeadaptationandmitigation:thecaseoftouristresortsinFiji.GlobalEnvi-ronmentalChangePartA,2005,15(4):381-393.[44]SarahN.Climatechangeandtourism.AnnalsofTourismResearch,2004,31(1):238-240.ResearchontheTourismClimatology:ReviewandPreviewWUPu1,XIJianchao2,GEQuansheng2(1.ChinaTourismAcademy,Beijing100005,China;2.InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,CAS,Beijing100101,China)Abstract:Globalclimatehasexperiencedaremarkablechangeofwarmingsincethe1980s.Globalclimatewarminghasarousedmuchattentionfromsocietyandscientistduetoitsimpacts.Asoneofthebiggestindus-triesinworldeconomy,tourismdependsgreatlyonclimate,andtheimpactofclimatechangeontourismisnolessthanthatonagriculture.TheimpactofclimatechangeontourismhasbeennoticedbyIPCCandWTO(WorldTourismOrganization).Therefore,thebranchsubjectofTourismClimatologybecomesthefocusoftourismandmeteorologyresearch.However,tourismitselfisacomplicatedsystemandtherearestillmanyun-certaintiesaboutclimatechange.Itisverydifficulttoresearchtherelationshipbetweenclimatechangeandtourism.ThestudyonTourismClimatologyinChinabeganinthe1980s,lagging20yearsbehindabroad.Forallthat,ithasacquiredtheratherdevelopmentforyears,buttherearestillsomeshortcomingsintheresearchandtherearemanyblindspotsthatneedabreakthrough.Inordertoenrichthisinterdisciplinary,thearticlere-viewedthestudyofTourismClimatologyfromtotalquantityandstructureofliterature,theresearchstage,con-tentandthemethod.Accordingtothereviews,thetotalquantityofpapersonTourismClimatologyinthepastyearsisquitesmall.Theresearchworkfocusesmainlyontwoaspects.Thefirstisclimateandweatherastourismresources;andthesecondiscomfortclimateconditiontotourists'activities.Fromthe1980stillnow,theresearchofTourismClimatologyexperiencedfourstages.Atpresent,theresearchisstillinitsinitialstage,andthemethodsystemhasnotbeenestablished.Forthemoment,theresearchofTourismClimatologyhasnotbeenfullyrecognizedbytourism.Therearemanyfieldsthatneedtobefurtherexplored,suchastheinfluenceofcli-mateandweatherontourismdestinationtotourists'behaviorsandtheinfluenceofhumanactivitiesonclimateandweather.Inthefuture,weneedstrengthenbasictheoritialstudiesonTourismClimatology,especiallytheinteractionbetweenclimaticchangeandtourism.Inordertoenrichthisinterdisciplinary,weshouldexpandthefielda

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