普通高等教育“十一五”国家规划教材《土力学》(第二版)李镜培梁发云赵春风编著土力学作业参考标准答案第一章1.【解】已知γ=19kN/m3,ρs=2.71g/cm3,γd=14.5kN/m3因此ds=2.7187.0187.115.1410*71.211dwswsddeedn=e/(1+e)=0..87/1.87=0.47%31131.115.14/1911dd%5.9687.071.2*31.0edSsr2.【解】已知V=100cm3,m刀+湿土=241g,m刀=55g,m干土=162g,ds=2.70所以:土粒质量ms=162g,水的质量mw=(241-55)-162=186-162=24g,因此:土粒的体积Vs=162/2.70=60cm3,空隙的体积Vv=100-60=40cm3,水的体积Vw=24cm3天然密度ρ=m/V=186/100=1.86g/cm3,天然重度γ=18.6kN/m3含水量ω=mw/ms=24/162=14.8%空隙比e=40/60=0.67,孔隙率=40/100=0.40饱和度Sr=24/40=60%饱和密度ρsat=(ms+Vv*ρw)/V=(162+40*1)/100=2.02g/cm3有效密度ρ’=2.02-1=1.02g/cm3干密度=ms/V=1.62g/cm35.【解】已知ds=2.72,e=0.95,Sr1=0.37;Sr2=0.90rsrsrSdeSedS349.0所以,两状态对应的含水量分别为:12.9%,31.4%1m³土的土粒的重量Ws=dsrw/(1+e)=27.2/1.95=13.9kN所以1m³土需要加水量=13.9(0.314-0.129)=2.57kN6.【解】已知%20%38%31PL则:可塑状态粘土,。IILP61018/1120382031,171820387【解】1)已知71.2%,3.19,/54.13sdGcmg%1.690.1*43.00.1*54.1*193.043.00.1/43.075.057.0/43.043.0143.0c43.01*71.254.111cm133wvdrWsdvVVSnemGv土来分析取2)已知%7.16%,3.28PL硬塑状态粉质粘土,IILP22.06.11/6.26.117.163.19,106.117.163.288【解】已知943.0,461.0,67.2%,8.9,/77.1maxmin3eeGcmgs中密,60.0482.0287.0461.0943.0656.0943.0656.01656.1177.1098.1*1*67.21)1(minmaxmaxeeeeDGerWs10【解】已知筛分结果粒组1.00.5-1.00.25-0.50.1-0.250.075-0.10.075含量2.09.024.042.015.08.0累计含量分析如下:粒组1.00.5-1.00.25-0.50.1-0.250.075-0.10.075含量2.09.024.042.015.08.0累计大于含量含量2.011.035.077.092.0/因为大于0.25mm含量不到50%,而大于0.075mm的为92%,超过总重的85%,确定为细沙第二章2-1【解】scmAthQLk/0026.0100*)60*30(*5.386*30002-2【解】710*23.26.3022.305ln3600*1.351.1*0.3)21ln('hhAtLAkcm/s2-4【解】1)动水压力:方向自下向上:/3.1435.05.0*103mkNiw(14.3*25*35*10-6kN=12.5N)2)土样的有效重度:89.88.1/16)1/()('egws若发生流沙:mhiLhw311.0889.0'第三章3-1【解】1)kPahiic5.1328.1*8.196.3*4.195.1*18-因为整体岩石不透水2)kPahiic5.788.1*8.96.3*4.95.1*18——因为强风化透水3-2【解】kPa1.205107.0/2434000*20667.06/46/7.04000/2800/max)(,最大压应力为:基底压力为后的三角形分布,最小所以分布为应力重分布pmlmNMe