非谓语动词做状语

非谓语动词过去分词v-ed不定式todo动名词现在分词分词-ing形式动名词-ing现在分词v-ing动词不定式的使用Todolikethatisfoolish.IwanttoseeyouIamtovisityouHehaslotsofworktodo.IstudyhardtoimproveEnglish.Theteacheraskmetoanswerthequestion.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补1.主语swimmingismyhobby.2.宾语Ilikeswimming.3.表语Myhobbyisswimming.4.定语Iwanttobuyaswimmingsuit.动名词可以以下成分:1.表语Themusicismoving.2.定语Idon’tlikethepeopletalkingloudlyinpublic.3.宾补Weheardhersinginginherroom.4.状语Readinganewspaper,Shesatatthetable.现在分词可以以下成分:1.表语Theteacherismoved.2.定语Idon’tlikethemantalkedaboutattheparty.3.宾补Weheardasongsunginherroom.4.状语Lostinanewspaper,Shedidn’tnoticeme.过去分词可以以下成分:非谓语动词的句法功能主语宾语表语宾补定语状语不定式动名词分词主语宾语表语宾补定语状语主语宾语表语定语表语宾补定语状语非谓语动词，不是做谓语的动词。当句中已经有了谓语动词，并且句中没有连词时，需要用非谓语动词了。ThegirlisMary.IfIamgivenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.ThegirldancinginthehallisMary.Givenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.主语系(谓语)表语非谓语动词（定）非谓语动词（状语）连词主语谓语宾谓语Analyzethesentence：划分句子结构观察下列例句,找出非谓语动词,并且判断做什么成分.()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()观察下列例句,找出非谓语动词,并且判断做什么成分.()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan.()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()观察下列例句,找出非谓语动词,并且判断做什么成分()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()原因状语条件状语结果状语伴随状语目的状语时间状语一.非谓语动词做状语的形式：doing/havingdonedone/beingdone/havingbeendonetodo/tobedone二.做题方法：析句子结构，找逻辑主语，辩逻辑关系，判动词先后三.高考易混点1)分词作状语形式意义doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone主动，与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生主动，先于谓语动词发生被动被动，正在进行，一般作原因状语放句首被动，先于谓语动词发生2)不定式做状语形式意义Todo主动，将来TobedoneTobedoingTohavedoneTohavebeendone被动，将来主动，正在主动，完成被动，完成1.Seeingfromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.2.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,tryingnottomissanypoint.3.Nothavingreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.4.Havingwaitedinthequeueforhalfofanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.一.doing/havingdone做状语主语与非谓语动词为主动关系，havingdone强调动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。Aftertheoldman___________inthequeueforhalfanhour,hesuddenlyrealizedhehad…hadwaited1.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.2.Comparedwiththosewholivedintheslums,Childrenherearereallylucky.3.Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.4.HavingbeenshownaroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.5.Beingrepaired,theaccesstothemuseumislocked.二.done/beingdone/havingbeendone做状语主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系；havingbeendone发生在主句谓语动词之前1.Nottofailtheexamination,allthestudentsarestudyinghard.2.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.3.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytofindthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.4.Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobewelcomedintotheirsociety.三.todo做目的，原因，结果状语tobedone是被动结构目的状语结果状语结果状语原因状语表目的表原因表结果不定式作状语2)不定式做状语形式意义Todo主动，将来TobedoneTobedoingTohavedoneTohavebeendone被动，将来主动，正在主动，完成被动，完成Istudyhard_________thepeoplewell.toserveToservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(置于句首加强语气)Inordertoservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(更加强语气)Istudyhardsoastoservethepeoplewell.(不可用于句首)表目的Heislucky_______hereontime.togetIamhappy______youagain.LiMingseemedwilling_____that.Iamsorry_______that.toseetodotohear(作原因状语时常修饰表感情的形容词,表示产生这种感情的原因.)表原因Ihurriedtogetthereonlytofindhimout.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthebushadleft.1）(onlytodo表示意料之外的结果)2）too..to/enoughto/so…asto表结果HisfamilywastoopoortosupporthimHeisoldenoughtogotoschool.Thehouseissohighandnarrowastoresembleatower.这房子又高又窄，像一座塔不定式做状语时应该注意：1．not/nevertoo…todo,too…nottodo,but/onlytoo…todo,tooreadytodo,tooeagertodo表示肯定意义。Heistoocarefulnottohavenoticedthat.他那么小心,肯定会注意到那一点的。Sheistoosadnottohelpcrying.她那么伤心，忍不住哭了。Iamonlytoogladtohelpyou.我很高兴能帮助你。Iamonlynevertoogladtoknowyou.认识你我再高兴不过了。Marywasonlytooreadytohelpothers.玛丽总是乐于助人.Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenyoudrivecar.你开车时无论怎么小心都不过分。1)分词作状语形式意义doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone主动，与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生主动，先于谓语动词发生被动被动，正在进行，一般作原因状语放句首被动，先于谓语动词发生1.表时间2.表原因4.表方式,伴随5.表结果现在分词做状语3.表让步1.表时间2.表原因4.表伴随5.表结果过去分词做状语3.表条件、让步A.作时间状语：①Whentheyheardthebadnews，theycouldn’thelpcrying.=_______(hear)thebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.②Whenweweretakenaroundthecity,weweredeeplyimpressedbythecity’snewlook.When______aroundthecity,weweredeeplyimpressedbythecity’snewlook.③Afterhefinishedhiswork,hewenthome.________________hiswork,hewenthome.HearingtakenHavingfinishedB.作原因状语：①Becausehewaspoor,hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad.=___________(bepoor),hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad.②___________(encourage)byhisheroicdeeds,theyworkedharder.③_______(lose)inthought,healmostranintoapost.④__________(frighten)bythebigforestfire,theanimalsallranaway.⑤_____________(notknow)heraddress,w