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I摘要随着国民经济的快速发展，压缩机已经成为众多部门中的重要通用机械。压缩机是压缩气体提高气体压力并输送气体的机械，它广泛应用于石油化工、纺织、冶炼、仪表控制、医药、食品和冷冻等工业部门。在化工生产中，大中型往复活塞式压缩机及离心式压缩机则成为关键设备。本次设计的压缩机为空气压缩机，其型号为D—30/8。该类设备属于动设备，它为对称平衡式压缩机，其目的是为生产装置和气动控制仪表提供气源，因此本设计对生产有重要的实用价值。活塞式压缩机是空气压缩机中应用最为广泛的一种，它是利用气缸内活塞的往复运动来压缩气体的，通过能量转换使气体提高压力的主要运动部件是在缸中做往复运动的活塞，而活塞的往复运动是靠做旋转运动的曲轴带动连杆等传动部件来实现的。本文通过依据工艺条件对活塞式压缩机进行了热力计算，通过确定气缸直径、计算活塞力、复算排气量、计算压缩机功率并选择驱动机；依据活塞式压缩机设计规范对气缸组件和连杆组件进行了详细的结构设计和机械强度计算与校核；通过采用最新国家标准和行业标准对压缩机的主要零部件及压缩机辅助设备进行了选型设计，按照一定要求和步骤对压缩机进行安装和维护。在保证压缩机安全平稳运转的前提下，尽量使设计达到经济、环保、高效的目的。关键词：活塞式压缩机；结构；设计；强度校核；选型IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,thecompressorhasbecomeangeneralmachinerywhichusedinnumeroussections.Thecompressorisamachinewhichusedtocompresstheairtoincreasesairpressureandtransportthegas,itcanwidelyappliedtopetrochemicalindustry、weaving、smelting、metallurgy、instrumentcontrol、medicine、foodandfrozenandotherindustrialdepartments.Inchemicalindustryproduction,largeandmediumscalereciprocatingcompressorandcentrifugalcompressorthenbecomecriticalequipment.Thecompressorwhichwedesignthistimeisa“aircompressor”.ItsmodelnumberisD—30/8.Thiskindofequipmentbelongstomoveingequipment,itisthebalancedopposedcompressor.Thisdeviceisintendedforproductionequipmentsandpneumaticcontrolinstrumenttoprovidegassource.Thepistoncompressoristheonewhichisthemostwidespreadappliedintheaircompressor.Itistheuseofreciprocatingpistonwithinthecylindertocompressthegastoincreasegaspressure.Themainmovingpartthroughtheenergyconversiontoenhancethepressureisthepistonwhichmakesreciprocalmotionincylinder,pistonofthereciprocatingmotionisdonebyrotatingthecrankshaftconnectingrodsandotherdrivecomponentstoachievethetransmission.Therefore,thisdesignhasaimportantroletotheproduction.Thisarticlecarriesonthethermaldesignwhichisbasedonthetechnologicalconditionstothereciprocalcompressor.thedeterminationofcylinderbore、thecomputationofpistonforce、recalculationoftheairdisplacementandselectionoftheelectricmotor.Italsoidentifiesstructureandmaterialsoftheaircylindergroupandconnectingrodassemblytomeetthetechnologicalrequirementswhichbasedonthereciprocalcompressordesignstandard.Byusingthelatestnationalstandardsandindustrystandardsthemainpartsofthecompressorandauxiliaryequipmentcarryontheselectiondesign,anditaccordstocertainrequirementsandstepstoinstallandmaintainthecompressor.Underthepremiseofensuringsafetyandsmoothoperation,thecompressortriestoachievethepurposeswhichiseconomic、environmental、efficiency.Keywords:pistoncompressor;structure;design;strengthcheck;modelselectionIII目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................II第1章引言..........................................................................................................................11.1压缩机的作用及用途.................................................................................................11.1.1压缩机的作用..................................................................................................11.1.2压缩机的用途..................................................................................................11.2压缩机的国内外发展历史.........................................................................................11.2.2压缩机的国内发展历史...................................................................................11.2.2压缩机的国外发展历史...................................................................................11.3本次设计的介绍.........................................................................................................1第2章压缩机的总体设计.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1主机结构方案的选择..................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1.1结构型式的选择...............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1.2级数的选择及压力比分配...............................................错误!未定义书签。2.1.3列数的选择及气缸的排列...............................................错误!未定义书签。2.2主要结构参数的确定..................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.3驱动机的选择..............................................................................错误!未定义书签。第3章热力计算....................................................................................................................103.1原始数据...................................................................................................................103.2热力计算....................................................................................................................103.2.1总名义压力比.................................................................................................103.2.2各级压力比分配.............................................................................................113.2.3各级名义压力.................................................................................................113.2.4各级排气温度.................................