《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)UnitFiveUnitFiveTheEndIsNotatHand1.Text2.Exercises5.SupplementaryReadingTheEndIsNotatHandTheenvironmentalrhetoric*overblown*.TheplanetwillsurviveRobertJ.Samuelson①1.rhetoricn.speechorwritingthatsoundsfineandimportant,butisreallyinsincereorwithoutmeaning浮夸之言语或文章2.overblownadj.usingtoomanywords夸张的1.impendingadj.(ofsomethingunpleasant)abouttohappen行将发生的2.catastrophe△n.disaster灾难3.auran.aneffectorfeelingthatseemstosurroundandcomefromapersonorplace气氛[1]Whoevercoinedthephrasesavetheplanetisapublicrelationgenius.Itconveysthesenseofimpending*catastrophe*andhighpurposethathaswrappedenvironmentalisminanaura*ofmoralurgency.Italsotypifiesenvironmentalism'srhetoricalexcesses,which,inanyothercontext,wouldbeseenaswildexaggeration*orsimpledishonesty.[2]Uptoapoint,ourenvironmentalawarenesshascheckedamindlessenthusiasmforunrestrainedeconomicgrowth.1.exaggeration△n.(anexampleof)sayingorbelievingmorethanthetruthaboutsomething夸张,夸大Wehavesensiblycurbed*someofgrowth'sharmfulsideeffects.Butenvironmentalismincreasinglyresemblesaholycrusade*addictedtohype*andignorantofhistory.1.curbv.control控制2.crusaden.astruggleormovementforthedefenceoradvancementofanidea,principle,etc.为促进或维护理想、原则而进行的运动或斗争3.hypen.somethingthatartificiallystimulatessales,interest,etc.suchasadvertisingorpromotion(刺激销售、兴趣等的)广告,宣传Everyenvironmentalillisdepicted*asanonrushingcalamity*that—ifnotstoppedwillendlifeasweknowit.[3]Takethelatestscare:thegreenhouseeffect①.We'representedwiththehorrifyingspecter*ofaworldthatincinerates*itself.1.depictv.describe描写2.calamity△n.aterribleorverybadevent;seriousmisfortune灾难;极不幸的事3.spectern.somethingthatisseeninthemindandcausesfear心中幻见而引起恐惧之事物4.incineratev.destroybyburning焚化Actnow,orsizzle*later.Foodsupplieswillwither.Glaciers*willmelt.Coastalareaswillflood.Infact,theprobablelossesfromanygreenhousewarmingaremodest*:1to2percentofoureconomy'soutputbytheyear2050,estimateseconomistWilliamCline①.1.sizzlev.makeahissingsoundasifwaterfallingonhotmetalorfoodcookinginhotfat发出咝咝声(如水落在灼热的金属上或食物煎炸时)2.glaciern.massofice,formedbysonwonmountains,movingslowlyalongavalley冰河,冰川3.modestadj.moderate,notlargeinsizeoramount适度的,适中的Thelossseemsevensmallercomparedwiththeexpectedgrowthoftheeconomy(adoubling)overthesameperiod.[4]Noenvironmentalproblemthreatenstheplanetorrateswiththedangerofanuclearwar.Nooilspillevercausedsufferingonaparwith*today'scivilwarinYugoslavia,whichisaminorepisode*inhumanmisery.WorldWarⅡleftmorethan35milliondead.Cambodia'scivilwarresultedin1millionto3milliondeaths.1.onaparwithequalto等于2.episode※n.oneseparateevent,esp.animportantorseriousone插曲;独立的一段事Thegreatscourges*ofhumanityremainwhattheyhavealwaysbeen:war,naturaldisaster,oppressivegovernment,crushingpovertyandhate.Onanyscaleoftragedy,environmentaldistressisafeatherweight*.1.scourgen.acauseofgreatpunishment,harmorsuffering导致严惩、灾害或痛苦的祸端,祸患2.featherweightn.sb.orsth.ofverylittleimportance不重要的人或物[5]Thisisnotanargumentforindifferenceorinaction.Itisanargumentforperspectiveandbalance.Youcanbelieve(asIdo)thatthepossibilityofgreenhousewarmingenhancesanalreadystrongcaseforanenergytax.Ataxwouldcurbordinaryairpollution,limitoilimports,cutthebudgetdeficit*andpromoteenergyefficientinvestmentsthatmakeeconomicsense.[6]Butitdoesnotfollowthatanyonewhodisagreeswithmeisevilorevenwrong.1.deficitn.theamountbywhichmoneythatgoesoutismorethanmoneythatcomesin赤字Onthegreenhouseeffect,forinstance,there‘sample*scientificdoubtoverwhetherwarmingwilloccurand,ifso,howmuch.Moreover,thewarmingwouldoccuroverdecades.Peopleandbusinessescouldadjust.Totakeoneexample:farmerscouldshifttomoreheat-resistantseeds.1.ample△adj.enoughormorethanisnecessary充足的[7]Unfortunately,theimpulseofmanyenvironmentalistsistovilify*andsimplify.Criticsofenvironmentalrestrictionsareportrayed*asselfishandignorantcreeps*.1.vilifyv.speakevilof(sb.orsth.)withoutgoodcause,esp.inordertoinfluenceothersunfavourably辱骂,诽谤;把(人或事)说得一无是处2.portrayv.describeinwordsinalifelikeway以文字生动描写3.creepn.anunpleasantpersonwhotriestowinthefavourofapersonofhigherrank,esp.bypraisinginsincerely拍马屁者,献媚者Doomsdayscenarios*aredevelopedtoprovetheseriousnessofenvironmentaldangers.Cline‘srecentgreenhousestudyprojectedwarming250yearsintothefuture.Guesswhat,itincreasessharply.Thisisanabsurdexerciseakinto*predictinglifein1992atthetimeoftheFrenchandIndianWar(1754~1763).1.scenarion.awrittendescriptionoftheactiontotakeplaceinafilm,play,etc.剧本,剧情说明书2.akintoofsimilarcharacter,like同性质的,类似的[8]Therhetoricaloverkillisnotjustinnocentexcess.Itcloudsourunderstanding.Forstarters,itminimizesthegreatprogressthathasbeenmade,especiallyinindustrializedcountries.IntheUnitedStates,airandwaterpollutionhavedroppeddramatically*.1.dramaticallyadv.withtheforceorvividnessofthedrama戏剧性的;显著地Since1960,particulate*emissions(soot,cinders*)aredownby65percent.Leademissionshavefallenby97percentsince1970.Smoghasdeclinedinmostcities.[9]What'salsolostistheawkwardnecessityforchoices.Yourenvironmentalbenefitmaybemyjob.Noteverybenefitisworthhavingatanycost.1.particulateadj.ofminuteseparateparticles微粒的2.cindersn.th