2017中考英语专题复习阅读理解练习题含答案

-1-第二部分中考题型研究阅读理解话题一说明介绍类Passage1台湾岛Taiwanisland,thebiggestislandofChina,isbetweentheSouthandEastChinaSeas.Almosttwothirdsoftheislandiscoveredbymountains.TravelinginTaiwan,youcandolotsofthings.InTaipei,youcantasteallkindsofdeliciousfoodfromthemainland,aswellassomelocaldelicacies.StandingatthetopofTaipei101,theworld'stallestbuildinguntilnow,youcangetaviewofthewholecity.InTainan,theoldestcityontheisland,youcanvisitdifferenttemples.Knownasthe“Cityof100Temples”，thecityinfacthas220templesinit.Taiwanhasnicenaturallandscape（景观）aswell.SunandMoonLakeisabeautifullake.Ononesideoftheislanditlookslikethesun,ontheothersideitlookslikethemoon.ThatiswhypeoplecallthelaketheSunandMoonLake.AliMountainisthenearestmountainaroundSunandMoonLake.YoucanenjoyaniceexperiencewithGaoshanpeople.It'sawonderfulplacetoseeaverybeautifulsunrise.Ifyouenjoyswimming,fishing,boatingandeatingdeliciousfruitandfreshfish,PengLakemustbeagoodplacetovisit.TayokoGorge（太鲁阁峡谷）iswheretheworld'slargestcontinentalplate（大陆板块）andlargestoceanicplatemeet.Inthisareayoucanseemountains,valleys,andhotsprings（温泉）,togetherwithfieldsofrice,orangesandtea.1.“Taipei101”is________inthepassage.A.alargelakeB.abigcityC.ahighmountainD.atallbuilding2.YoucanenjoyaniceexperiencewithGaoshanpeople________．A.inTaipeiB.inPengLakeC.onAliMountainD.inTayokoGorge3.Youcansee________inTayokoGorge.A.lakes,valleysandhotspringsB.mountains,valleysandplatesC.mountains,lakesandhotspringsD.mountains,valleysandhotsprings4.Thepassagemainlytellsus________．A.TaiwanhasmanybeautifulvalleysandlakesB.TaiwanhasmanybigcitiesandtallbuildingsC.TaiwanhasmuchnicehumanandnaturallandscapeD.TaiwanhasmanyhighmountainsanddifferenttemplesPassage2植物灯Gettingelectricityhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthe173peoplelivinginNuevoSaposoa,asmallvillageinPeru,SouthAmerica.However,thingswentfrombadtoworseinMarch2015afterheavyrainsdamagedtheonlypowercablesinthearea.Thevillagerswereforcedtouseoillamps,whicharenotonlyexpensivebutalsodangerousbecauseoftheharmfulgasestheyproduce.Luckily,researchersattheUniversityofTechnology（UT）inLima,Peruheardabouttheirproblemandfoundawonderfulsolution.Theymadealampthatcanbepoweredbyplantsandsoil,bothofwhichcanbeeasilyfoundintheAmazonianrainforestwherethevillagelies.ThelamptakesenergyfromaplantgrowinginawoodenboxandusesittolightupanLEDlightbulb.Whilethatmaysoundamazingandevenimpossible,thesciencebehindtheideaisquitesimple.Asplantscreatetheirfood（usingthesun'senergy,waterandchemicalsfromthesoil）,theyalsoproduceelectrons—thebuildingblocksofelectricalenergy.TheUTteamputspecialsticksinsidethesoiltocapturetheenergyandkeepitinthelamp'sbatteriesforlateruse.Theresearcherssayasinglechargecan-2-powera50­wattLEDlightfortwohours—enoughtimeforlocalvillagerstogettheireveningworkdone.TheuniversitygavetenPlantLampstothevillagersofNuevoSaposoainOctober2015.Sofar,theyhavebeenahugesuccess!ElmerRamirez,theUTprofessorwhoinventedthelamp,believesthePlantLampcouldhelpimprovethelivesofmanypeople,especiallysmallrainforestcommunities,42%ofwhomhavenoelectricity.1.WhataretheproblemsofoillampsaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyaredifficulttouseandcreatepollution.B.Theyareexpensivetobuyandeasilydamaged.C.Theyaredifficulttorepairandproducelittlelight.D.Theyareexpensivetouseandcanbebadforhealth.2.TheelectricitymadebythePlantLampcomesfrom________.A.plantfoodB.plantwasteC.thesoil'sheatD.thesun'senergy3.ThePlantLamp'sinventorbelievesitcouldbethemosthelpfulfor________．A.rainforestcommunitiesB.carsC.poorpeopleincitiesD.farmers4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toreportonanewinvention.B.Toexplainanewscientifictheory.C.Todescribehowelectricityismade.D.Todiscusstheproblemsofpoorvillages.Passage3自洁服装Somedays,don'tyouthink，“Wouldn'titbeniceifthelaundry（洗衣）wouldjustdoitself？”Self­cleaningclothesmaysoundcrazy.ButAustralianresearchershavefoundawaytomakesomethinglikethispossible!AteamatRMITUniversityinMelbourne,Australia,foundawaytoputspecialnanostructures（纳米结构）intoclothing,whichcanthencleantheclothes.Whensunlighthitsthenanostructures,theybreakdownthedirtandstains（污渍）thatdon'tbelongonyourclothes.Thenanostructuresdon'tbreakdowntheactualclothingbecausecottonandtheotherclothingmaterialsaretoostrongtobebrokendown.AccordingtoCNN,theresearcherscovertheclothinginasolutionmadeofsilverandcopper（铜）nanostuctures.Allittakesis40minutesofsunlightandyourclotheswilllookasgoodasnew.Soifyouspillonyourselfduringlunch,youcanstepoutsideforawalk,anditwillbecleanbythetimeyougoinside.Itnotonlymakesyourlifeeasier,butitcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.AccordingtotheUSDepartmentofEnergy,theaverageloadoflaundryusesabout25gallons（about94liters）ofwater.Waterisaveryimportantresource,sousinglessofittowashclothesisbetterfortheenvironment.ButoneofthescientistsatRMITUniversityknowsmoreneedstobedone.“There'smoreworktodobeforewecanstartthrowingoutourwashingmachines，”saidDrRajeshRamanathan，“butthisisastrongfoundation（基础）．”Sowhat'sthenextstep?Ramanathanwantstoeitherstartsellingthesolutionbyitselforconvincing（说服）clothingmakerstotreattheclothingwiththesolutionwhileclothesarebeingmade.1．Howdotheclothingw