刘易斯拐点-大学生就业难和-民工荒-问题研究

JOURNALOFGUANGDONGUNIVERSITYOFBUSINESSSTUDIES,,No.3,SumNo.110,May.2010u:2010-03-28u:(1966-),,,,,;(1976-),,,/0苏剑1,盛磊2(1.北京大学经济学院,北京100871;2.国家信息中心综合管理部,北京100045):我国经济发展阶段已经达到或通过了刘易斯拐点,当前经济发展阶段的产业结构仍然是以劳动密集型产业为主,这种产业结构使得劳动力市场的需求结构发生分化大学生就业难和/民工荒0是我国产业结构特征在不同劳动力市场的反映,解决我国劳动力市场结构性矛盾的根本出路在于调整产业结构:刘易斯拐点;大学生就业;民工荒;经济发展阶段;产业结构:F241.4:A:1008-2506(2010)03-0004-05,,,,2003,,/0,,2008532,70%;2009610,100,,,2004,/0,,/0,/0,(2003)[1],,;(2005)[2],;(2006)[3],,;(2005)[4],,,/0,(2007)[5],,,/0;(2007)[6],,;4,,20103(110)(2006)[7],,,,/0,,,,,,,,,,?1,,,Ls,,,(W/P)R,,,L1D,,L3,L3-L1,,,L3D,(,)L3,,1,/0,,,,,,/0,,,,;,,,,,(W/P)U,,:;,,(2007)[8],1990,:1997~2005,16117%,5,2001~2005,,64%,(2009)[9],,,,(2009)[10],,,(2009)[11],,,5JOURNALOFGUANGDONGUNIVERSITYOFBUSINESSSTUDIES,,No.3,SumNo.110,May.2010/0,,,/0/019782008,GDP10%,,,,1,,,,,¹,,,¹,,,,,/0,,,():,,,,;,WTO,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,/0,,/0,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,/0,,/0,,,1999,1999,48%,19981081415917,200022016,200126813,200232015,200962919992009,1417%,200823%,1993186,,20103(110)/0,(),(),/0,/0/0,,/0,/0,,,/0/0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0,,,,,,,;,/0,,/0,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,/0,,,/0/0,))),,,,,,/0,,,,,/0,/0/0,,7JOURNALOFGUANGDONGUNIVERSITYOFBUSINESSSTUDIES,,No.3,SumNo.110,May.2010,,,,,,,,,/0,,/0,/0,:(1);(2);(3),,,;(4)/0,;(5);(6),,[1].[J].,2003(3):3-6,28.[2].[J].,2005(2):64-66.[3].[J].,2006(4):71-73.[4],.[J].,2005(4):52-55.[5]./0[J].,2007(11):25-27.[6],.)))/0[J].,2007(4):77-79.[7],.)))/0[J].,2006(1):13-15.[8].[J].,2007(2):30-43.[9],,.?)))[J].:,2009(9):1-18.[10].?[J].,2009(5):61-66.[11].:[J].,2009(2):69-75.()AStudyonLewisianTurningPoint,Graduates.EmploymentDifficultyandShortageofMigrantWorkersSUJian1,SHENGLei2(1.SchoolofEconomics,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China;2.NationalInformationCenter,Beijing100045,China)Abstract:Consideringitseconomicdevelopmentstage,ChinaisapprochingorpassingtheLewisianturningpoint.Labour-intensiveindustryisthemainindustrialstructuretodaywhichleadstodisparityondemandstruc-tureinthelabormarke.tGraduates.employmentdifficultyandshortageofmigrantworkersarethereflectionsofChina.scharacteristicofindustrialstructureindifferentlabormarkets.Therefore,theadjustmentofindustrialstructureisthefundamentalwayforsolvingsuchstructuralimbalanceinChina.slabormarke.tKeywords:Lewisianturningpoin;tgraduates.employmen;tshortageofmigrantworkers;industrialstructure8