元江—红河流域农业灌溉及其发展模式研究

:100722284(2005)03200122031,2,3,4,5(1.,430072;2.,650021;3.,650091;4.,100053;5.,650021):,,,,,,,,:;;:S274.3:AStudyontheAgriculturalIrrigationandItsDevelopmentModesintheBasinofYuanRiverandHongRiverGUShi2xiang1,2,HEDa2ming3,LIYuan2hua4,FUHua5(1.WuhanUniversity,WuhanCity430072,China;2.InstituteofWaterResourcesandHydropowerDesignofYunnanProvince,KunmingCity650021;3.YunnanUniversity,KunmingCity650091;4.ChinaIrrigationandDrainageDevelopmentCenter,BeijingCity100053;5.BureauofWaterResourcesofYunnanProvince,KunmingCity650021)Abstract:ThespatialandtemporaldistributionsofwaterresourcesinthebasinofYuanRiverandHongRiverarenoteven.Intheupstreamregionsofthebasin,thewatershortageisverysevere;inthemiddleandlowerreachesofthebasin,thewaterresourcesareabundant,whileseasonalwatershortageproblemsareubiquity.Mostareasfacethepovertyproblems,andthecropplantingplaysadominantroleintheagriculturaleconomy.Thecontradictionbetweenpovertymitigationandenvironmentprotectiontakesonbecauseimproperwaterresourcesdevelopmentandagriculturalirrigationmethodsinduceserioussoilandwatererosionandenviron2mentpollution.Throughanalysisofthesituationofagriculturalproductionandirrigationmanagementinthebasin,irrigationmodesofhighefficiencyandwatersaving,whicharepracticalfortheregion,easytocommandbythelocalpeople,lowinvestmentandquicktoeffect,areproposed.Keywords:YuanRiverandHongRiver;agriculturalirrigation;watersavingirrigation11.1:2004210208:(973)(2003CB415100);(40261001);(YSZY-2003-05):(19722),,,0.2hm2,,,,,20,,,,,,,1000m,,,,2000mm2120053©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,11(P=75%)()/m/%:/(m3hm-2)25161741.117550727525091565.81735472902336400.91841045002322974.515732453023531247.515832471022471260.016938388523231271.61682448001.21999[1999]1835,,,,,,1.3,(1980)(1993),,1.42001,1793km,1603km,89%,190km,,22.1,,4,,2.2(1),5,667hm2,,,,,,,;,;,,,,,(2)2000mm3,,,,,,,,,,,,,(3)5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(4)26,,,,,,,,,,,31©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,3,3.1,,,,,,,,,,,3.2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,WRDM,,,,,,,,,3.3,,,,,,,,,,,,3.4,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,4(1),,,,,,,,,,(2),,(3),,,,(4),(18)41©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,(2),,,,,,,,,,19881989:,,,,,,,,,,,:,;,,;,,,,,,,,:,,;,;,,,;,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1].[J].,2000,(3).[2].[J].,2001,().[3].[J].,2003,(1).(14),,,,,:[1]20002002[M].:,2003.[2]2000[M].:,2001.[3],.(9)[M].:,2002.[4]BlakeDRatner.WatershedGovernance:LivelihoodsandResourceCompetitionintheMountainsofMainlandSoutheastAsia[M].:,,.:,2000.[5],,.[J].,1999,54.[6],,.[J].,2001,12(4).[7],.[J].,2001,12(1).[8].[J].(B),2003,(4).[9].[DB/OL]..[10],,.[J].,2001,(3).[11],,,.[J].,2004,23(5).81©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.