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英语单词记忆方法与技巧英语构词法知识构词法构词法：合成(Compounding)派生法(Derivation)【前缀/后缀】转化法(Conversion)【词性转换】Compounding(有两个或更多的词合成一个词)Derivationintroduction(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)prefixsuffixConversion(将一种词性转化成另一种词性)Classify:pathwayfreedomdarkestplacefrustrationlockeverydayriversideloneliest合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):everydaypathwayriversidefrustrationdarkestloneliestfreedomlockplace合成(Compounding)blackboardspaceshiphalf-understandfirst-classman-madegood-lookingsometimesbeforehand•加前缀：happy---___happy•加后缀：develop---develop_____•既加前缀又加后缀：employ---___employ______unmentunment派生词(derivation)派生法(Derivation)---词缀法1.前缀:Pre-Pre-reading,preview,prepayRe-Rewrite,reconsider,reuse(前)(重新)dis-(不)disagree,dislike,disappearmisunderstand,misleadmis–(错误或失当)miniskirt,minibussupermarket,supermansuper-(超级)mini-(微小)in/im-(不)incorrectimpossibleforetell,forecastpost–(之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前,预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半,部分)antiwar,anti-Japanesewaranti-(阻止,抗)underground,under-developunder-(在……下,在……中)常见的后缀1.名词后缀：-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionwork,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,able,piano(pianist),art,child,brother(hood),act,solute,conclude,move,possible1.名词后缀：-er-or-tion-mentteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movement-ity-ist-hood-ion名词后缀：ability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion2.形容词后缀：-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-arydangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortableresponsibleimportant,excellentmilitary,voluntary3.副词性的词缀：-ly-wardsquickly,softly,yearlybackwards,forwards转化法(Conversion)tasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittasteverygood.recordn.记录v.记录Hebroketherecord.Heliesto(停住)recordsomethingwhilereadingabook.名词转化为动词形容词转化为动词名词转化为形容词副词转换为动词telephone电话→打电话slow慢的→放慢front前面→前面的down向下→击倒hand手→交给warm暖的→使温暖black黑色→黑色的back向后→后退record录音→记录empty空的→倒空noble贵族→高贵的up向上→提高date日期→定日期better较好→改善key钥匙→关键的name名字→命名cool凉爽→使冷face脸→面对动词转化为名词动词转化为形容词形容词转化为名词一些形容词前加the后转换为名词drink喝→饮料perfect使完善→完美的chief主要的→首领thewounded受伤的人们study学习→书房fit适合→适合的first第一的→第一个theblind盲人们lookat→havealookatwrong错误的→错误thebeautiful美丽的东西常见的转化形式：动词-名词，名词-动词，形容词-动词动词---名词stopv.停止-------n.车站watchv.观看-----------n.手表lookv.看----havealookn.看walkv.散步,走---takeawalkn.散步lovev.爱---yourloven.爱名词---动词handn.手---vt.上交seatn.座位---vt.坐nursen.护士---vt.护理oiln.油---vt.上油timen.时间------vt.定时，测时shown.展示,秀—--vt.表演,秀-形容词---动词open(adj.开着的)—open(v.开)clean(adj.清洁的)-----clean(v.打扫)slow(adj.慢的)---slow(v.放慢)简略词合成词缩略词exam—examinationplane—aeroplanead.—advertisementmaths—mathematicssmoke+fog=smogmotor+hotel=motelTV—televisionTOEFL—TestofEnglishAsAForeignLanguagePLA—thepeople’sliberationArmyofChinacorrectn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义WordsBuildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义WordsBuildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育表达O独立的rootadj残疾的n不可能的OnSSn误解root大学生rootn地下的地下通道地铁副标题总是