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动词的时态初中英语语法（1）秦老师动词的时态结构歌谣一般现在时，动词用原型；一般时单数三人称，动词变单数。一般过去时，动词用过去式。Iwork.Heworks.Iworked.现在进行时,进行时例句：Iamworking.过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ing。例句：Iwasworking.将来时一般将来时，would加原型。过去将来时，will加原型。Iwillwork.Iwouldwork.完成时现在完成时，have/has加过分。Ihaveworked.过去完成时，had加过分。Ihadworked.各种时态的用法一、一般现在时1.用法：A.现在经常性的动作或状态B.客观事实和真理。2.标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/…1.Theboyusually___(get)toschoolearly.gets2.Light______(travel)fasterthansound.travels二、一般过去时1.用法：过去的动作或状态。2.标志词：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,lastnight/week/month…,inthepast；justnow=amomentago点击中考ThelasttimeI___tothecinemawastwoyearsago.A.goB.havegoneC.HavebeenD.went三、现在进行时1.用法：A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。2.标志词：now,Look!Listen!中考模拟：--Mike,who____footballintheyard?--Letmegoandsee.（2004顺义）A.hasplayedB.willplayC.wasplayingD.isplaying1.Look!What___thechildren___overthere?2.Thoseworkers____herethesemonths.A.areworkB.areworkedC.workD.areworkingA.are;doB.are;doingC.is;doD.isdoing3.—Listen!Thephone___.Pleasegotoanswerit.A.ringsB.rangC.willringD.isringing4.--MustIwatertheflowersnow?--No,youneedn’t.Jack_____them.A.iswateringB.wateringC.watersD.iswatered四、过去进行时1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。2.标志词：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when…1.I____alongtheroadwhenIsawPeter.Sowestoppedandhadachat.A.walkedB.waswalkingC.wouldwalkD.hadwalked2.–Amy,Icalledyouyesterdayevening,butnobodyansweredthephone.–Oh,I____awalkwithmymotheratthattime.A.takeB.wastakingC.amtakingD.took五、一般将来时1.用法：将来的动作或状态。2.结构：willshallbegoingto3.标志词：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,inthreedays,in(the)future,nextweek/month/term…,fromnowon+V.(原型)（第一人称）4.shall/will/begoingto之间的区别：1计划决定要做某事，一般用begoingtodo结构。shall往往用于第一人称疑问句,will可用于任何人称。2will常用于表邀请或命令时以及带有意愿色彩。31.There___twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave2.Thetwins____tothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.aregoD.went3.---When____wehavethemeeting?---At8.A.areB.shallC.wouldD.will4.--When___you___forLondon?--Nextweek.A.will;leavingB.are;leavingC.shall;leaveD.have;left六、过去将来时1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。2.结构：wouldwas/were/goingto+v.(原型)1.--Whatdidhesayyesterday?--Hesaidhe____toSydneynextweek.A.goesB.willgoC.wouldgoD.aregoing2.--DidyoursonfailhisEnglishexamonceagain?--Yes,buthetoldmehe____hardnextterm.A.studiesB.isstudyingC.willstudyD.wouldstudy试题：1.用法：12七、现在完成时现在完成时过去现在影响：作业都做完了，我能出去玩会儿吗？过去的动作对现在的影响。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.过去的动作持续到现在。Ihavestayedhereforanhour！2.标志词：already,just,yet,ever,never,sofar(tillnow/uptonow),recently,inthepast3years,before,since+时间点,for+时间段3.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点：共同点：动作都在过去。不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。)4.易错点：121havegoneto+地点,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。）TheyhavegonetoEurope.(Theyarenothere.)havebeento+地点,表示“去过某地”。（人已回）IhavebeentoEurope.(IamnotinEuropenow.)3havebeenin+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。IhavebeeninEuropeforthreeweeks.(IamnowstillinEurope.)25.瞬间动词和延续性动词若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：begin/startbeongotherebethereleavebeawaygethomebehomediebedeadopenbeopenborrowkeepclosebeclosedgettoknowknowbuyhavecomeherebeherejoinbein/beamemberof1.Thefilmbegan5minutesago.2.Theyleftanhourago.3.Themandiedaweekago.5.Iborrowedthebookaweekago.6.Iboughtthecarayearago.Thefilm_________for5minutes.They____________foranhour.Theman___________foraweek.I_________thebookforaweek.I________thecarsinceayearago.hasbeenonhavebeenawayhasbeendeadhavekepthavehadPractice1.--Whatanicebike!Howlong____you____it?--Justtwoweeks.(2004北京市中考)A.will;buyB.did;buyC.are;havingD.have;had2.--Howlonghaveyou____here?--Since1997.A.arrivedB.movedC.comeD.lived3.--Ican’tfindmypen.____you____itanywhere?--No.Look!What’sthatunderyourbook?A.Have;seenB.Do;seeC.Did;seeD.Had;seen4.--I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.--Oh,notatall.I__hereforonlyafewminutes.A.willbeB.wasC.amD.havebeen5.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmbecauseI____theticket.(2002河南)A.lostB.havelostC.willlostD.didn’tlost八、过去完成时1.用法：发生在过去的过去的动作。Theyhadgotmarriedwhenhecameback.gotmarriedcameback现在过去过去的过去我来晚了！没希望了！终于结婚了！好幸福呀！现在完成时2.标志词：bytheendof…,bythetime…,when+一般过去时过去完成时是一种相对存在的时态，判定时必须根据上下文找到一个可以作为参照点的过去时间，在此参照点前发生的动作都可以用过去完成时。注意：1.We____learning1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedD.finish2.Thetrain____whenwegottothestation.A.leavesB.haveleftC.wereleavingD.hadleft3.Bythetimehereturned,hisson____supper.A.cooksB.hadcookedC.hascookedD.wascooking1.Sorry,I____tohelpyouatten.Iwasbusyatthemoment.A.won'tcomeB.can'tcomeC.didn'tcomeD.shouldn'tcome2.He_______thispenforfiveyears.He______itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,bought3.She_________theflowersinthegardenwhenI_________toseeheryesterday.A.watered，wentB.waswatering，wentC.watered，wasgoingD.waswatering，wasgoing4.Idon'tknowifmyfriend_________.Ifhe_________,I'llletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome5.Johnsaidhe_________supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washavingC.hadD.haseaten6.There_________twopartiesnextweek.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave7.It______10yearssinceI______here.A.is,comeB.is,havecomeC.was