动词的时态终稿

1动词的时态和语态考纲解读：1.了解并能正确运用常考的11种时态，尤其熟练运用现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时等高考高频时态。正确辨析几种易混淆时态的区别，比如现在完成时和一般过去时。2.熟悉各种时态的被动形式和用法，以及主动形式表被动的用法。命题趋势:1.动词时态和语态是高考中出现频率较高的语法项目，考题语境比较明确，考查学生在语境中的运用。2.对于一般时，完成时，进行时的构成，以及标志性的时间状语和主、被动要非常熟悉。3.语法填空中以时态的考查为主，语态的考查为辅。基础知识梳理一、常考的各种时态的主动和被动形式时态种类主动形式被动形式一般现在时do/doesis/am/aredone一般过去时didwas/weredone一般将来时will/shalldowill/shallbedone过去将来时woulddowouldbedone现在进行时is/am/aredoingis/am/arebeingdone过去进行时was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone现在完成时has/havedonehas/havebeendone过去完成时haddonehadbeendone现在完成进行时has/havebeendoinghas/havebeenbeingdone将来进行时willbedoingwillbebeingdone二、常考各种时态的用法一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作，通常用usually，often，always，sometimes，everyday等作时间状语。Iusuallyhavemyhaircutonceamonth.Thestudentsoftendotheirexperimentsinthelab.(2)表示客观真理、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Abirdinhandisworthtwointhebush.(3)表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的动作。Thetrainleavesat2：35thisafternoon.(4)在主句是一般将来时的时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。如if、unless、until、when等Youwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest./Evenifitrainstomorrow，thefootballmatchwilltakeplace.高考链接：1.(2015·新课标Ⅱ，68)Thiscycle________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.2.(2013·陕西，11)OnMondaymorningsitusually________(take)meanhourtodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.3.(2013·重庆，33)AMidsummerNight'sDream________(open)attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune，andthentoursthroughoutScotland.4.(2014·辽宁，66)TaiChi________(call)“shadowboxing”inEnglish.5.(2013·北京，32)—Sowhatistheprocedure?—Alltheapplicants________(interview)beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.6.(2013·重庆(2014·广西，22)Unlesssomeextramoney________(find)，thetheatrewillclose.现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态、现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。Ourfriendsarewaitingforusoutsidenow.SheislearningEnglishatcollege.(2)某些短暂性动词，如come，go，start，open，close，arrive，return，begin，leave等用于进行时，表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。2MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday.HeisleavingforBeijingnextweek.注意：表示存在、拥有、认知、情感等的动词一般不用于进行时态，常见的有keep，stay，remain，consistof，contain，have，belongto，possess，own，hold，sound，look，seem，appear，smell，taste，feel，see，hear，understand，know，suppose，remember，admit，forget，believe，think，like，love，hate，prefer等。1.高考链接：(2014·北京，22)—Hi，Let'sgoskating.—Sorry，I'mbusyrightnow.I________(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.现在完成时(1)表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，常用recently，lately，ever，never，before，yet等作时间状语。Hehasn'theardanynewsfromhissonlately.(2)表示开始于过去某一时刻，一直持续到现在而且还有可能继续下去的动作。常用sofar，uptillnow，since，foralongtime，inthepast/lastfewyears，thesedays等作时间状语。Sofarnolifehasbeenfoundoutsidetheearth.Hehaslearned5，000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.(3)“This/Itis＋the＋序数词＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的从句用现在完成时。ThisisthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedtheuniversity.高考链接：1.(2015·北京，26)Inthelastfewyears，China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2．(2015·天津，9)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreement________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.3．(2015·陕西，22)Marty________(work)reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.4.．(2013·新课标Ⅰ，27)WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidn'tlikehim，butI________(change)mymind.5.(2013·浙江，10)Duringthelastthreedecades，thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprograms________(increase)sharply.6.(2014·广西，32)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody________(see)themsince.现在完成进行时(1)表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在而且会继续进行下去的动作。Iamverytired.Ihavebeenpaintingthehousealltheafternoon.(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直反复进行的动作。Ihavebeencallinghimseveraltimesthismorning，butthereisnoanswer.高考链接：(2015·福建，30)—WhereisPeter？Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand________(write)hisessaythereeversince.辨析：现在完成进行时与现在完成时现在完成进行时强调“动作”的持续性，表示“未完成”的含义；现在完成时则强调“时间”的经过或动作产生的“结果”，表示“已完成”的含义。Ihavebeenwritingaletter.我一直在写一封信。（还在写）Ihavewrittenaletter.我已经写了一封信。（已写完）一般过去时(1)表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，lastyear，in1995，theotherday等作时间状语。Itwasaterriblepieceofworkyouturnedinyesterday.Hecametoworkheretwoweeksago.(2)在时间、条件从句中代替过去将来时。Hesaidhewouldnotgoifitrained.(3)有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect等，表示“本来认为”。Ididn'texpecttomeetyouhere.Ithoughthehadheardthenews.高考链接：1.(2015·新课标Ⅰ，61)ItwasraininglightlywhenI________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn'tcare.32．(2015·湖南，25)Iwasn'tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI_______(ask)，“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow？”3.(2014·新课标Ⅰ，61)In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland，Ohio.It________(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.4.(2014·新课标Ⅱ，45)．..SoIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike________(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.5.(2014·福建，23)—Haven'tseenyouforages！Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaand________(stay)thereforoneyear，teachingasavolunteer.6.(2015·北京，22)—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes，we________(treat)wellbyourhosts.7.(2015·福建，26)Tomydelight，I________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.8.(2014·广东，18)We________(tell)thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek...9.IfeltverytiredwhenIgothome，andI________(go)straighttobed.10．(2013·山东，24)Ididn'tthinkI'dlikethemovie，butactuallyit________(be)prettygood.11.(2013·安徽，24)I'mcallingaboutt